近代广西民间信仰形成条件与发展趋势初探

在王朝征服和移民力量的影响下,广西民间信仰的形成与发展发生了变化.一方面,为了巩固统治,国家向民间大力推广民间信仰,代表忠、义的一些神庙得以在广西发展起来;另一方面,随着明清以来大量移民进入广西,又丰富了广西民间信仰的内容,关帝、天后、北帝、许真君等外来神灵的信仰得到传播.由于近代广西社会动乱频繁,加上西学东渐,更因为汉族与少数民族之间文化的冲突,广西民间信仰发展很不充分,且有不断式微的趋势.     

大学信仰 运行机制 大学底线

大学信仰涉及政治信仰、科学信仰、人生信仰、人格信仰、制度信仰、宗教信仰等。当今大学或缺乏信仰，故丢弃诚信、崇拜权钱、追求功利、信奉“关系”、学术造假、道德沦丧、斯文扫地。大学作为国家高端人才培养基地，要出人才、出队伍、出思想，须将“求真求实、创新开拓、诚信善行、公平正义、法治天下”视为宗旨，把信仰及道德纳入目标导向机制、动力激励机制、规范与创新机制、环境保障机制，将政治底线、学术底线、组织底线、人格底线等纳入质量预警机制。’     

对传统孝道的解读——从社会道德信仰视阈的审视

站在道德信仰这个全新的视角上，我们发现孝道观念在当今社会的沦丧已经到了极其严重的地步。为了唤醒国人心中的“孝”感，使传统孝道回归家庭，并继承其中的合理内核，通过采取孝道教育的方式，在全社会建立起对孝道的信仰，使之成为传统道德信仰与新时期道德信仰的连接点，为构建社会主义和谐社会奠定一个良好的国民素质基础。     

Thai Adolescents' Normative Beliefs of the Popularity of Smoking Among Peers,Adults, the Successful and Elite,and Parents

The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of Thailand adolescents regarding the prevalence of smoking, the popularity of smoking among successful/elite elements of society, and disapproval of smoking by friends and parents. These perceptions were analyzed in conjunction with actual smoking and smoking susceptibility rates among the subjects to determine whether beliefs and behaviors were associated with each other. This study was conducted among a school‐based sample of 2516 Chiang Mai, Thailand upper secondary and vocational students. Although perceived prevalence of smoking was not associated with smoking outcomes, perceived popularity of smoking among the successful and elite was associated with higher risk, and perceived disapproval by friends/parents was associated with lower risk. Youth smoking programs should consider assessing and taking these social normative factors into account when considering educational intervention strategies that aim to lower adolescent smoking rates.     

The temporal relationship between gambling related beliefs and gambling behaviour: a prospective study using the theory of planned behaviour

The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has been successfully employed to investigate the role of gambling-related beliefs in the maintenance of gambling behaviour. However, there is a lack of research that examines the temporal relationships between the TPB predictor variables and gambling behaviour. Thus, the current study examines the utility of expectancies, normative beliefs, perceived behaviour control and gambling intentions in predicting gambling frequency, as assessed 12 months later. In addition, these gambling-related beliefs were reassessed at the 12-month follow-up survey to examine their stability and relationships with gambling behaviour. A total of 805 Australian adults, recruited via an online research panel, completed the baseline and follow-up online survey. Consistent with expectations, gambling-related beliefs explained gambling intentions and intentions predicted Wave 2 gambling frequency, after controlling Wave 1 gambling frequency. In relation to the stability of gambling-related beliefs, the Wave 2 measures explained additional variance in the Wave 2 gambling behaviour, although the type of beliefs associated with Wave 2 gambling frequency and problem gambling severity differed. These findings provide support for the notion that the perceived benefits of gambling and beliefs in skill are important areas to target in preventative and problem gambling initiatives.     

Effects and Durability of an SBIRT Training Curriculum for First-Year MSW Students

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based process for identification, prevention, and treatment of alcohol misuse. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an alcohol-focused training on first-year MSW students’ (n = 71) knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about SBIRT. Changes in item means were assessed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (critical α = .002). Data indicated a significant and strong main effect for training; perceived competence improved immediately and remained significantly higher 30 days posttraining. Other improvements included knowing what questions to ask patients, ease making alcohol-related statements, and believing that it is rewarding to work with at-risk patients.     

An exploratory study of the academic engagement and beliefs of Latino male high school students

This study provides insights to the school experiences of Latino male students through an exploration of how they describe their beliefs about education and how they engage in school for academic success. Data is drawn from interviews and surveys conducted with Latino males that participated in New York University’s Black and Latino Male School Intervention Study (BLMSIS) between 2006 and 2011. The findings revealed a dynamic interplay among how the students ‘do school’ (behavioral engagement), their intellectual involvement (cognitive engagement), and their strong beliefs in the education for social mobility shaped schooling for them. This focus on the experiences of young Latino males seeks to assist researchers, policymakers, and practitioners alike design and implement programs and policies to promote their educational progress and success.     

A non parametric approach to monitor simple linear profiles in phases I and II

In this paper, a non parametric approach is first proposed to monitor simple linear profiles with non normal error terms in Phase I and Phase II. In this approach, two control charts based on a transformation technique and decision on beliefs are designed in order to monitor the intercept and the slope, simultaneously. Then, some simulation experiments are performed in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed control charts in Phase II under both step and drift shifts in terms of out-of-control average run length (ARL₁). Besides, the performance of the proposed control charts is compared to the ones of seven other existing schemes in the literature. Simulation results show that the proposed control charts outperform the other control charts in detecting both the small step and small drift shifts of intercept. However, they have a weaker performance compared to other control charts in detecting both small step and small drift shifts of the slope. At the end, a real example from an electronic industry is used to illustrate the implementation of the proposed method.     

Charlotte Attitudes Towards Sleep (CATS) Scale: A validated measurement tool for college students

Objective: Using a 4-phase study design, the present study developed and tested the Charlotte Attitudes Towards Sleep (CATS) Scale, a measurement tool for assessing sleep attitudes in college students. Participants: Participants were 706 undergraduate students recruited at a southeastern university and on a national recruitment Web site between October 2013 and April 2015. Methods: All participants completed the CATS Scale. Participants then completed either a measure of social desirability, faulty sleep beliefs, or measures of sleep and sleep hygiene. Phase 3 participants (N = 168) completed the CATS Scale 2 weeks later to examine test-retest reliability. Results: Analyses indicated that the scale was content valid, internally consistent, and independent of social desirability, yielded acceptable temporal stability, and demonstrated concurrent validity in relation to sleep behaviors and outcomes. Conclusions: The CATS Scale is a theoretically driven instrument with promising psychometric properties that may prove beneficial for future research and application efforts among college students.     

Student perspectives on disclosure of mental illness in post-compulsory education: displacing doxa

This paper reports findings from a 12-month Australian study exploring beliefs and experiences of disclosure and course success in post-compulsory education for 20 students with mental illness. Enrolled students with disclosed or non-disclosed mental illness, teaching and support staff, and institutional practices across four sites providing vocational education and training were the three cases selected for this collective case study. Students participated in two semi-structured interviews over the course of one academic year. Disclosure was not preferred by students, most fearing that it would negatively impact upon their capacity to obtain employment in the occupation for which they were training. Further research exploring the processes, timing and outcomes of disclosure, in a wide range of post-secondary settings and with larger numbers of students, would allow for a deeper exploration of issues raised by this small study.