A male fitness advantage to wing reduction in the oriental chinch bug,Cavelerius saccharivorus okajima (heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Summary A male fitness advantage to wing reduction was investigated for the oriental chinch bug,Cavelerius saccharivorus, which is wing dimorphic. Field surveys for the frequency of matings between wing morphs showed that the mating probability was much higher in brachypterous males than in macropterous males in the early breeding season. Brachypterous males copulated with not only brachypterous females but also macropterous females in this season. This led to a considerable rate (30%) of insemination of macropterous females just before emigration even in the early breeding season. A rearing experiment for the pre-reproductive period of females revealed that females mated with brachypterous males copulated and oviposited earlier than females mated with macropterous males. These results indicate that there is a fitness advantage to wing reduction in the males ofC. saccharivorus in terms of the earlier sexual maturation.     

河北工程大学学生体质与健康调研结果分析

高校学生是高层次的知识型人才,肩负着社会主义现代化建设的重任,他们的体质与健康状况好坏事关我国全民族的健康素质。此次调研结果表明:河北工程大学19-22岁汉族学生的部分身体形态发育指标略有所提高;身高标准体重统计数据结果显示正常体重比例偏低;四个组别的肺活量均值较2005年全国平均水平有较大涨幅;部分身体素质指标下降幅度较大,男生引体向上的完成结果并不尽如人意。针对部分指标下降的原因进行了讨论,并提出了相应的合理化建议,为相关部门提供参考。     

我国准体育人口的基征分析与发展研究

依据《2001年中国群众体育发展现状调查》数据资料结果,在比较1997年中国群众体育现状调查的数据资料和研究成果的基础上提出准体育人口概念,并从准体育人口是体育人口持续发展的基础资源角度出发,对其为全民健身计划纲要的深入实施提出的新问题进行研究。     

《体育与健康》课程设置与安全教育探析

针对目前我国体育教学的现状与当前人们对社会安全的迫切愿望和需要,就体育教学中如何进行安全教育进行探讨,在教学中加入了中国传统健身功法、乐疗歌曲,以全面提升体育的功能、价值与效果,把体育的实用性、健身性、终身性与安全性作为发展学校体育的出发点和立足点。     

学龄前儿童体能运动训练对认知能力的影响

基于脑神经科学理论,选取学前儿童体能运动训练的一些规定动作和体现认知能力要素的手精细动作,经过现场测试,主要发现：学龄前儿童持续的体能运动对提升其认知能力具有积极影响,不同的体能运动训练动作与其空间感知能力、专注力、记忆力、观察力、逻辑推理能力和想象力具有一定关联性,适度的体能运动训练有助于提升其动作完成度、质量和效率,进而促进其大脑神经发育。     

A Longitudinal Study of the Leadership Development Process: Individual Differences Predicting Leader Effectiveness

This study tracked the leadership development of236 male cadets from matriculation through graduation ata military college. Cognitive ability, physical fitness,prior influence experiences, and self-esteem measured in Year 1 were relevant to predictingthose who assumed formal leadership positions in Year 4.Physical fitness and prior influence experiencesmeasured when cadets entered the college predicted leader effectiveness rated in their fourthyear. Stress tolerance and moral reasoning levels didnot predict leader emergence or effectiveness, thoughthe set of individual difference measures significantly predicted emergence and effectiveness. Physicalfitness levels and moral reasoning increased over timefor all cadets, though surprisingly, levels ofself-esteem and stress tolerance did not increase over time. Overall the study demonstrated thatleadership effectiveness and emergence could bepredicted from early measures of individualdifferences.     

均匀增长无标度网络的等价模型

分析了无标度网络的BA模型和与BA等价的随机连接到边模型.在给出边的权重和节点适应度定义的基础上,提出了无标度网络的边加权网络模型和节点适应度模型.通过解析的方法证明了它们与BA模型的等价性.计算机模拟的结果也说明了它们的等价性,并给出了4个等价模型之间的比较.     

高校体育改革与全民健身计划的推行

本文通过我国全民健身活动和学校体育现状以及学校体育在全民健身中的地位与作用的分析,提出了体育改革的基本思路和结合体育改革推行全民健身计划的一些途径和方法。     

Renaissance beauty = Today’s ugly: What appearance factors determine attractiveness judgments?

ABSTRACT

By comparing photos of portraits of the faces of Renaissance courtesans to photos of attractive contemporary women’s faces this study estimates the importance of sociocultural factors in the personal perception of faces. Physical attractiveness is an important causal factor in choosing a sex partner, so the difference between averaged attractiveness judgments, a focus of attractiveness research, and individual attractiveness judgment, most relevant to choosing a sex partner, is important. Except for modesty and faithfulness, 13 normally attractive contemporary models were rated much more positively by college student participants (N = 189) than were eight celebrated Renaissance courtesans, both in attractiveness (contemporary stimuli 63%; Renaissance courtesans 31%) and in personality traits. All of the Renaissance courtesan trait ratings showed more variability than the contemporary stimuli. This study supports the view that once a relatively low baseline level of biological attractiveness is surpassed, latent and explicit sociocultural factors, culturally relative gender role appearance expectations, culturally relative aesthetic judgment factors, individual differences, and interpersonal dynamics are major determining factors of judgments of pretty and/or beautiful showing large subcultural and cultural individual differences. Pretty and beautiful may be discrete concepts, with beautiful strongly culturally determined. These data suggest that sociocultural and subcultural factors are important determiners of attractiveness.