略论党的三代领导集体西部开发战略思想及其实践

新中国成立 5 0年来 ,党的三代领导集体为推动西部地区经济发展进行了艰辛的探索和大胆的实践。 5 0年代初到 70年代末 ,在“均衡发展”战略指导下 ,对西部地区进行过几次较大规模的开发建设 ;80年代初到 90年代中期 ,在共同富裕与“两个大局”思想指导下 ,在西部地区兴建了一批基础设施 ;90年代中期以来 ,实施对口支援 ,使西部经济获得较快发展 ,特别是跨入新世纪之际 ,以江泽民为核心的第三代中央领导集体又作出了西部大开发的战略决策 ,这必将对西部经济发展产生深远影响。     

民族区域自治的丰硕成果--新疆少数民族教育事业的发展

民族区域自治是中国共产党运用马克思列宁主义民族理论,结合中国实际情况解决中国民族问题的基本政策,也是国家的一项基本政治制度。民族区域自治的核心是民族自治权,它体现了各民族一律平等的原则和尊重各少数民族人民自主管理本民族内部事物的权利。新疆民族教育事业的发展和取得的巨大成就,就是党的民族区域自治制度在新疆实践的丰硕成果。     

The Limits of Black Politics in the Post–Civil Rights Era

Pluralist theorists have long contended that to exercise power and influence in the American political system, blacks should come together like any other organized interest group, form coalitions with other like-minded people (white liberals), and advocate for policy reforms. Beginning during the “Black Power” era, the goal of putting black faces in high places to help address black concerns became a driving force in black politics. The deteriorating social and economic status of many in the black community, however, has not been prevented by either the political incorporation of more than 11,000 black elected officials or even the election of the nation’s first black president. This article will show how the inherent limitations of the pluralist interest-group strategy and a growing white backlash fueled by an awareness of changing demographics in the country has spawned an economic and political crisis in black America.     

民族工作时代主题与加快民族发展问题研究

民族工作必须体现时代的精神,党中央在我国社会主义建设的关键时期提出的各民族需“共同团结奋斗,共同繁荣发展”,顺应了时代的要求。少数民族的发展只有在建设中国特色社会主义的共同事业中才能逐步解决。     

English proficiency in Australia, 1981 to 2016

Using Australian census data, the paper examines the incidence of poor English competency in Australia from 1981 onwards. The paper examines English competency in relation to various characteristics such as sex, age, language spoken, visa type, citizenship, duration of residence and location. It finds that there was a sharp rise in the numbers of people not speaking English well between the 2011 and 2016 Censuses and special attention is given to this rise in the paper. Recently, the Australian Government unsuccessfully legislated for the introduction of a requirement of English competency at the level of IELTS 6 (the commonly used university entrance level) as a condition for the award of Australian citizenship. The paper argues that this test would have led to a very large number of disenfranchised Australian permanent residents and this would be a highly undesirable result. Nevertheless, employment and social participation are strongly influenced by English competency and residents with poor English are disadvantaged. The policy suggestion is made that participation in a course of English language training for those without functional English skills could be made a precondition of the award of permanent residence—without the application of a passing grade.     

新世纪新阶段民族发展的特征——基于科学发展观的分析

民族发展是各民族的共同诉求.民族发展理论是中国特色社会主义民族理论的重要内容,党和国家的民族发展理论和实践经历了一个丰富与发展的过程.科学发展观的提出赋予了民族发展和谐的本质特征,自主性、全面性、永续性、质量与速度的统一性是新世纪新阶段我国民族发展的基本特征     

Internet Technology in Service of Personal Health Care Management: Patient Perspective

Internet technology has become an informational resource for most health care consumers. Online information, discussion, and support groups, in the form of message boards, listservs, and chat rooms are emerging as parts of virtual self-health-care network. This paper examines the extent to which participation in online health discussion groups was reported to be helpful in increasing medical knowledge and in enhancing the participatory patient role of health care consumers in interaction with health care service professionals. Data for this study was collected from 350 patients who participated in Internet discussion groups for cancer patients. The findings of the study indicated the important impact of Internet health discussion groups on health care management practices as perceived by health care consumers, including empowerment through knowledge and proactive participation in cancer care management. This research contributes to understanding the patient perspective and assesses the perceived importance of Internet groups by health care consumers.     

孙中山的社会福利思想探析

孙中山的社会福利观一方面继承了中国社会福利思想的传统,又受到资产阶级民主革命和西方福利思想的影响,形成他颇具特色的社会福利观,成为其民生主义的重要内容。孙中山关注社会弱势群体,认为为国民提供社会福利是政府的责任,倡导社会福利的制度化和法治化建设。孙中山的社会福利思想对民国的社会福利实践产生了重要影响,在中国社会思想史上占有重要的地位。     

解决好失业问题是构建和谐社会的必然选择

改革开放以来,在传统的计划型劳动力就业机制向新兴的市场型劳动力就业机制转变的过程中,一大批失业人员成为处手社会底层的弱势群体。正确认识这一群体的现状,并提出积极有效的解决对策,对于正确处理人民内部的利益矛盾和构建和谐社会具有一定的理论和现实意义。     

Psychosocial Well-Being of Young People Who Participated in a Support Group Following the Loss of a Parent to Cancer

Despite the evidence of unmet support needs among young people who have lost a parent to cancer, only a few support group initiatives have been reported. This observational prospective study explored the psychosocial well-being of young people who participated in support groups at a Swedish specialist palliative care setting. On three occasions, 29 participants, aged 16–28 years, answered questionnaires covering characteristics of the participants, circumstances of the losses, psychosocial well-being of the young people, and their own assessment of the support groups. The support groups attracted mostly young women who were often unprepared for the loss. The living arrangements differed between younger and older participants; however, the loss-related variables did not differ. Significant positive changes were found regarding a sense of meaning in their future life and life satisfaction. The helpfulness of the group was assessed as high/very high and the group brought a valuable fellowship with others in a similar situation. Universality and beneficial interactions were reported and strengthened psychosocial well-being developed over time. This change, according to the young people themselves, may be attributed to the group support. The findings are useful for planning interventions to support young people in bereavement in order to enhance their psychosocial well-being.