‘There Oughtta Be a Law Against Bitches’: Masculinity Lessons in Police Academy Training

This article draws on participant observation in a law enforcement academy to demonstrate how a hidden curriculum encourages aspects of hegemonic masculinity among recruits. Academy training teaches female and male recruits that masculinity is an essential requirement for the practice of policing and that women do not belong. By watching and learning from instructors and each other, male students developed a form of masculinity that (1) excluded women students and exaggerated differences between them and men; and (2) denigrated women in general. Thus, the masculinity that is characteristic of police forces and is partly responsible for women’s low representation on them is not produced exclusively on the job, but is taught in police academies as a subtext of professional socialization.     

Gender Differences in Union Formation in Mexico: Evidence From Marital Search Models

Although increasingly appreciated for their explanatory power in developed societies, marital search models have yet to be widely applied to developing nations. This article evaluates the applicability of marital search models to marriage timing in Mexico. The analysis compares separate models of union formation for men and women that include individual and marriage market predictors. Results show that union formation is closely linked to the uncertainties surrounding the transition to adulthood and the availability of marriageable partners. Improvements in women's economic position do not diminish the attractiveness of marriage, as female independence arguments would suggest. Instead, they are a central force behind the stability of marriage behavior in Mexico. A central transformation identified in the analysis is the reduction in sex differences in age at marriage as women expand their education and labor force participation.     

Presidential Address: Heroes,Warriors, and Burqas: A Feminist Sociologist's Reflections on September 11

My presidential address looked back at the gendered imagery of American heroes and warriors, Muslim terrorists, and oppressed Islamic women as they appeared in comparatively sophisticated media sources in the first 6 months after September 11. The imagery was conventionally gendered, but the actions of women and men reported in the same sources showed multiple gendering—heterogeneity within homogeneity. Making this multiplicity of gendering visible blurs and undermines gender lines and the inequities built on them. The social constructions of heroism, masculinity, and Islamic womanhood are core parts of the gender politics of September 11, a politics deeply embedded in the current debates over the causes and consequences of terrorism and war.     

性别文化在上古神话世界的印迹

“性别文化”是与“性文化”涵义不同的概念 ,指男女两性的区别及其相互关系。性别文化在上古神话世界有着鲜明的印迹 ,世界各国的神话都经历了由女性生殖崇拜到男性一统天下的演变过程 ,并在发展演化中印映出社会文明对“性”的差耻心和“性禁忌”。神话世界折射出人类在童年时代对自身生产从企望到审美的心智历程 ,最终形成的道德约束 ,是人类为保证自身健康繁衍的社会契约。     

社会性别与深层道德结构--择偶、性的道德模式

在男权文化占主导地位的社会环境中,男女在择偶和性的道德模式上存在着完全不对等的规范,男女占有不同的社会资源,这些被长久地视为自然而然、合情合理的现象。文章试图从社会性别视角来探究隐藏在择偶和性风俗习惯背后的不平等的道德模式。     

民族文化、阶级和性别的阅读--中国大陆彝族女商业性性服务者个案研究

文章通过对一位彝族妇女的个案分析,揭示了文化、阶级、性别是如何纠合在一起,作为一种强大的推拉力,迫使一些妇女进入和滞留于商业性性交易中的。     

两种民事平等观之我见

阐述了平等原则的重要性 ,在分别介绍和剖析两种平等观的基础上 ,揭示了结果平等观与机会平等观之间既对立又统一于最大多数人根本利益的辩证关系     

破除中西文化交流的三大思想障碍

在当今全球化的大趋势下倡导和推动中西文化交流有三大思想障碍 ,即认定不可能有平等的文化交流 ,认定未来世界文化的大趋势是一种文化取代另一种文化或认定文化融合的最终境界是无差别的、统一的世界文化 ,夸大不同语言、文化系统的不可译性。在对平等交流有无可能 ,无差别的、统一的世界文化有无可能 ,准确的文化翻译有无可能等三个理论问题作了辨析以后 ,作者表达了一个愿望 :中西双方回到平等交流的元点上来 ,加深了解与认识 ,促进中西文化的进一步交流与融合。     

职业地位取得的社会性别差异

本文从描述被调查夫妇之间职业流动的性别差异出发，分别勾画出他们的地位实现模型。首先验证了不论性别，教育地位都是决定职业地位实现的首要变量；但也正是在教育地位的实现和向上流动(再求学)中，伴随婚姻生育等生命事件的发生，无形的结构性制度因素(意识形态层面的性别制度、性别规范和性别文化)正如后现代主义试图解构的那样依然支配着性别角色的社会化和继续社会化，使扮演双重角色的妻子或无意识地或有意识地遭遇了丈夫不为之所累的两难困境，并最终阻碍了女性的教育地位、既而是职业地位的实现。本文最后提出了三点建议和几个尚待解决的问题。