非正式制度对市场经济秩序作用的二重解读

在我国建立社会主义市场经济体制的过程中,一般认为非正式制度对市场经济秩序的构建起着阻滞作用,没有看到非正式制度作用的二重性。在我国的市场经济秩序构建中,传统的经济伦理和意识形态等非正式制度还发挥了减缓经济波动,培育现代市场经济意识的作用。     

非正式制度与家族企业的发展

许多研究认为制约中国家族企业的关键因素是中国传统文化缺乏信任的影响。但本文的观点认为缺少遵守正式制度的传统习惯是制约家族企业发展的主要因素。制度变迁中的中国家族企业的发展充分利用了人际关系网络在资源配置中的特殊作用,扭曲了价格,产生了大量负面的影响。中国家族企业的发展壮大,取决于能否树立起新的遵守正式制度要求的行为规范。     

社会资本、非正规就业与乡城流动人口家庭迁移

基于2014年中国劳动力动态调查数据（CLDS）,实证检验原始社会资本、新型社会资本对乡城流动人口家庭迁移的影响以及更高层次的非正规就业对新型社会资本影响乡城流动人口家庭迁移的中介作用。结果表明,原始社会资本对乡城流动人口初次非正规就业效果明显;新型社会资本对乡城流动人口家庭迁移具有显著正向影响,新型社会资本通过影响乡城流动人口获得更高层次的非正规就业进而影响其家庭迁移。因此,需注重新型社会资本的培育,促进乡城流动人口实现“原始社会资本”向“新型社会资本”的延展。此外,应当进一步完善劳动力市场的规范性,消除市场歧视,为乡城流动人口提供更完善的就业信息,最终促进乡城流动人口实现家庭迁移。     

Helpful citizens and caring families: Patterns of informal help and caregiving in Sweden in a 17‐year perspective

Jegermalm M, Grassman EJ. Helpful citizens and caring families: patterns of informal help and caregiving in Sweden in a 17‐year perspective This article reports on an analysis of informal help and caregiving in Sweden with, for the first time, a focus on patterns of change over 17 years regarding scope, type of caregivers and the recipients of help. The discussion is based on results from a national survey repeated four times between 1992 and 2009. In the 1990s, the figures were stable, but from the late 1990s to 2009, there seems to have been a dramatic increase in the extent of informal help giving. Concerning types of helpers, the patterns implied involvement not only from family members, but also from other types of helpers. Two interpretative perspectives were used in the analysis: the first from recent welfare state changes and the substitution argument; the second from the present debate on civil society and its possible and changing role. These perspectives represent two partly complementary approaches to the understanding of the dynamics of informal involvement in contemporary Swedish society.     

上下级政府间“考核检查”与“应对”过程的组织学分析——以A县“计划生育”年终考核为例

中国基层政府执行国家政策或上级指令过程中一个普遍的组织现象是,上级对下级工作进行频繁的检查或考核,而下级政府采取各种手段、策略来应对。本文以华中地区某农业县2007年度计划生育年终考核为例,试图从组织学角度分析、解读这一检查与应对过程,尤其关注基层政府应对上级政府的各种策略。本文认为,这些非正式组织行为的普遍存在和重复再现常常导致自上而下考核检查的失败,究其根源,主要是组织结构、组织设计的不合理,尤其是监督制度、激励制度与组织目标、政治环境等方面的不兼容和内在矛盾。     

Social assistance in Shanghai: Dynamics between social protection and informal employment

China's social assistance programme (dibao 低保) was introduced in Shanghai in 1993 and gradually extended to cover all urban areas by 1998. Due to massive economic restructuring, starting in the early 1990s, many urban dibao recipients were laid‐off, that is, state‐owned enterprise (SOE) employees. Shanghai was the epicentre of SOE reform, and the dibao system was primarily introduced to provide a safety net for laid‐off workers. In 2010, approximately 3 per cent of urban, permanent residents were on dibao, and 72 per cent of its recipients were working‐age adults. We conducted longitudinal qualitative interviews five times over 2 years with 40 dibao families that contained adults of working age in a Shanghai district. The current study demonstrates how they managed their employment, income and the dibao system. Findings suggested that, for various reasons, there was insufficient motivation for recipients to gain reemployment and leave dibao. Furthermore, local cadres, which were responsible for assessing and recommending dibao applicants to the district government, likely just assumed the incomes of adults with working capabilities.     

西部民族地区政企关系非正式制度诉求问题研究

本文试图通过西部民族地区政企关系非正式制度诉求中隐含的逻辑线索,揭示民族地区政企关系非正式制度诉求的理论起点,梳理出西部民族地区政企关系非正式制度诉求的现实表征,指出政府干预情结的存在是政企关系非正式制度诉求的深层根植缘由。     

一种新型导论逻辑教科书及其启示--再论面向21世纪的导论逻辑教科书

建构 2 1世纪逻辑教学体系和内容的重要一环是创作新的导论逻辑教科书。然而 ,最近出现的导论逻辑教科书仍未脱离旧式教科书的窠臼。其主要问题是 ,没有对导论逻辑教科书的功能予以准确的定位 ;也没有明确地认识到 ,它只有阐发与形式化逻辑不同的关于论证或论辩的理论 ,才能获得自身独立存在的价值。同时 ,只有以日常论证为核心 ,才能将形式逻辑和非形式逻辑较好地结合起来 ,避免教材内部的理论冲突。约翰 .沃兹等的新教材在这方面做了很好的尝试 ,很值得我们借鉴。     

非正式组织对行政领导者的影响

非正式组织客观地存在于各类组织之中,其不同于正式组织的特性对行政领导产生多方面的特殊影响.行政领导者要创造良好的组织气候、提升自己权威的被接受度,就必须提高自身的洞察能力、充分发挥非正式沟通与非职位影响力的作用.