劳动能力丧失损害赔偿的理论依据问题

劳动能力本质上属于健康权人格利益,不是独立的人格权。劳动能力的丧失是原来具有劳动能力的自然人受到他人的侵害后而致使身体残疾的结果。劳动能力丧失赔偿的所得丧失说、劳动能力丧失说、生活来源丧失说,都存在缺陷,应当予以重构。在确定我国丧失劳动能力损害赔偿制度的理论论据时,应当采用一种更为科学的理论,即以劳动能力为基础的收入丧失说。在实践中,则要以此为依据来确定劳动收入赔偿金、残疾用具费、生活上增加的必需支出、特殊医疗费、被扶养人生活费、精神抚慰金等内容。     

The Establishment and Application of a Labor Quality Index: The Case of Taiwan’s Manufacturing Industry

The labor quality index (LQI) not only serves as an important reference for monitoring the progress of the sustainable development of a country, but it can also serve as an important parameter for economic analysis. To compile such an index for Taiwan, we conducted two large-scale surveys of 1000 major enterprises and 844 union leaders, respectively, to determine the appropriate weights for each key factor. We also searched for all the relevant statistics that were used to calculate the weighted sum of the 25 sub-indexes, in order to compile a LQI for Taiwan’s manufacturing industries covering the period from 1990-2000. Our calculations show that this LQI rose from 80.2 in 1990 to 117.5 in 2000, which reflected an impressive 37.3% increase in just one decade. This rate of growth has, however, been slowing down since 1997. Our results indicate that the LQI provides a valuable indicator for monitoring the enhancement of labor quality in this society.     

统筹城乡发展与完善农村土地流转制度的思考

针对中国农村土地流转不畅阻碍统筹城乡发展的现状,政府应从城乡两个方面完善土地流转制度,即建立与土地流转制度相关的制度体系,包括土地使用权市场、培育土地流转中介组织、集中使用农业补贴和以土地换保险等制度。为确保土地流转促进统筹城乡发展,实现城镇政府和进城务工农民的双赢,政府应对自身行为加以规范。     

技术工人在企业人力资本中的定位解析

人力资本是企业核心能力的载体 ,这一趋势已不容争辩 ,而技术工人似乎受到了冷落。鉴于此 ,笔者试图从技术工人在人力资本中的理论定位入手 ,找出建立技术工人定位的支撑体系 ,为整个人力资本的飞跃以及企业竞争力的整体提高构筑高位平台     

构建我国企业和谐劳资关系的思考

要建立和谐社会,必须要有和谐的劳资关系作基础。从西方劳资关系由激烈对抗趋于制度化、法律化的历史演变的启示,对转型期我国企业劳资矛盾的突出表现及其原因进行剖析,提出构建我国企业和谐劳资关系的治本之策。     

“民工荒”：产业结构升级的契机——透视“民工荒”现象

在我国农村大量剩余劳动力需要转移、城市就业形势严峻的情况下,我国东南沿海地区出现"民工荒"现象值得关注。对此问题,众多学者曾从不同角度进行了分析,但大多是就现象而论。这里则从产业结构升级与相应的人力资源素质关系分析出发,认为"民工荒"是民工素质与产业结构升级不适应的结果,其根源在于民工双重身份所衍生的诸多问题,对此背后之原因进行了深入分析,同时就"民工荒"现象带来的警示进行了揭释。     

Firm-level training in local economic systems: Complementarities in production and firm innovation strategies

The paper presents a conceptual review over the main aspects concerning the role of human capital investments and training activities within production processes, followed by empirical evidence on two local economic systems in Northern Italy, based on recent survey data. Theoretical and empirical considerations are brought together in order to provide new insights on the role of training and the factors associated to training activities at firm level.The potential driving factors of training here analysed compounds structural characteristics, labour demand dynamics, human resource management practices, workforce features, and firm performances. We observe that training activities emerge positively associated with high-performance practices, innovative labour demand features, workforce skill level, firm size, and are affected by labour flexibility in various directions. Empirical evidence confirms most previous results but also adds further important insights. The analysis suggests that a widening gap, between few innovatively evolving and many stagnant firms, could characterise the future dynamics of the Region. The high relevance of structural variables, labour demand factors and HRM/innovation practices shows that regional industrial policies and labour policies should be jointly implemented for increasing potential firm productivity. This is a key concern for the current debate on local systems economic development in the European and Italian environment.     

优化专业结构,提高毕业生就业竞争力

随着社会以及高等教育改革的不断深化,高校毕业生就业形势日益严峻,根据用人单位对大学毕业生综合素质的要求和高校毕业学生对学校教学的意见反馈以及就业工作的现状,高等学校应优化专业结构,调整教学计划和课程设置体系,改革人才培养模式,努力提高毕业生就业竞争力。     

制度与制度权威

制度本质上是建立在一定社会生产力和社会关系基础之上的行为规范,它能够约束人们的行为符合某种秩序的要求。制度权威的本质是人们对一定社会物质生产过程和社会交往过程内在秩序性要求的服从。制度和制度权威建设,必须使制度符合一定社会的生产力、社会关系和人的状况。     

私营企业主的劳动属性再认识

私营企业主的劳动,从本质上看包含着大量的创新劳动,从分工上看绝大部分是管理劳动和科技劳动。他们的劳动具有高脑力劳动强度、高劳动风险压力、超常劳动时间和劳动的高增值性等特点。私营企业主的劳动理应受到尊重和保护,因为它是在社会主义制度下合法进行的,是有中国特色社会主义总劳动的一部分,并有力地促进了有中国特色社会主义的发展。在私营企业主的收入中非劳动收入的比重有下降的趋势。