供应链的杠杆管理模式及模糊思考

现代企业对供应链的管理日益重要。供应链包括顾客需求所直接或间接涉及的所有环节。供应链管理需要把原先被认为是分开的供应过程的各个部分联合起来。对供应链的价值网管理模式进行了论述,提出了供应链的杠杆管理模式,强调了企业目标的重要性和顾客需求的核心地位,并且进行了模糊思考。     

Gender Asymmetry in Family Migration: Occupational Inequality or Interspousal Comparative Advantage?

This paper examines gender inequality in the determinants of job‐related long‐distance migration among married dual‐earner couples during the 1980s and 1990s. The analysis tested the structural explanation, which attributes gender asymmetry in family migration to structural inequality in the labor market, and the comparative advantage explanation derived from relative resource theory. The analysis used individual‐ and family‐level data from 5,504 Panel Study of Income Dynamics families, occupation‐level data from the 1980–2000 U.S. Decennial Censuses Integrated Public Use Micro Samples, and discrete‐time event history models. Gender differences in the determinants of family migration were not explained by gender differences in occupational characteristics, but the results partially support the relative resource theory by illustrating the conditioning influence of interspousal comparative advantage.     

Parent Care as Unpaid Family Labor: How Do Spouses Share?

The study adapts theories of the household division of labor to the division of parent care between spouses and expands them by taking the kin relationship with the parent and the intensity of care into account. Tobit and weighted logit models are used to analyze the division of parent care in 2,214 couples from the British General Household Surveys. The models revealed patterns of parent care that are predominantly governed by the kin relationship. Time availability was strongly associated with couples' division of parent care, whereas the resource‐bargaining approach received little support except for dual‐earner couples that provided more intensive care for the husband's parents. Children‐in‐law's characteristics were hardly related to the division of high‐intensity caregiving in dual‐earner couples.     

“Women's Work”? Women Partners of Transgender Men Doing Housework and Emotion Work

Despite increasing family studies research on same‐sex cohabiters and families, the literature is virtually devoid of transgender and transsexual families. To bridge this gap, I present qualitative research narratives on household labor and emotion work from 50 women partners of transgender and transsexual men. Contrary to much literature on “same‐sex” couples, the division of household labor and emotion work within these contemporary families cannot simply be described as egalitarian. Further, although the forms of emotion work and “gender strategies,”“family myths,” and “accounts” with which women partners of trans men engage resonate with those from women in (non‐trans) heterosexual and lesbian couples, they are also distinct, highlighting tensions among personal agency, politics, and structural inequalities in family life.     

Labor‐Environmental Coalition Formation: Framing and the Right to Know1

This article examines the formation of a cross‐movement coalition between elements of the labor and environmental movements in New Jersey. We explain the successful formation and initial political campaign of the New Jersey Work Environment Council with an expansion of the theoretical perspective of frame analysis. We propose a model of a coalition collective action frame that offers several important insights into the active role coalition actors play in the construction of a common frame uniting union and environmental activists. Using qualitative data gathered from interviews, observations, and document analyses of two major campaigns, we argue that the coalition frame allowed new political opportunities to be created, leading to the establishment of the most sweeping right‐to‐know laws in the United States. We conclude the discussion of coalition framing by examining political constraints on the framing possibilities of coalitions, specifically by exploring how the discursive shift from the right to know to the right to act failed to expand the influence of the cross‐movement coalition as originally expected by its members.     

供应链系统视角下消费者环境意识的社会分配效应研究

消费者环境意识既会促进环境保护,又会改变消费行为、市场需求、消费者福利和企业利润等的分配。然而,消费者环境意识的分配效应是环境保护、消费行为和社会分配三者的结合部,在现有研究中鲜有涉及。对此,从供应链系统视角建立博弈模型,求解供应链定价和生态技术投资决策,分析消费者环境意识逐级传导引起的连锁反应,研究消费者环境意识如何改变社会分配格局。研究发现：首先,消费者环境意识会提高市场价格和企业利润,但是会降低消费者福利;其次,消费者环境意识会提高企业的分配地位,其中对零售企业的提高程度更大,但是会降低消费者的分配地位;最后,消费者环境意识越强,企业分配地位的提高程度和消费者福利的下降程度就越大。本研究丰富了对消费者环境意识多种作用的认识,有利于合理权衡环保、经济和分配等制定科学合理的发展政策。     

住宅非市场化供给、房价波动与经济波动——基于省级面板数据的实证研究

采用面板协整技术,利用1999—2009年中国省级面板数据分析了住宅非市场化供给、住房价格波动与经济波动之间的关系。实证研究表明：住宅非市场化供给和住房价格波动之间存在较强的负相关关系,住宅非市场化供给的增加,能够平抑商品房价格的上涨幅度;住房价格波动与经济波动之间存在显著的正相关关系,住宅非市场化供给的变化能够通过住宅价格的变化,最终会作用于经济增长,进而影响经济波动;地区经济发展水平与房地产市场发育程度的差异,对住宅非市场化供给、住房价格波动与经济波动三者之间的区域关系造成显著影响。     

马克思恩格斯的劳资利益关系思想

近年来,随着非公有制经济的发展,非公有制领域就业人口的逐渐增多,劳资矛盾冲突问题越来越突出。劳资关系是马克思恩格斯研究的核心,通过分析资本对劳动的剥削理论,马克思恩格斯构建起来科学社会主义的理论大厦。马克思恩格斯的劳资关系思想主要包括劳资关系形成的基础、资本对劳动的剥削与劳资矛盾、资本对劳动的权力、资本积累收入差距、工会在劳资关系中的作用、世界市场与国际劳资关系等内容。     

略论教育救助的政策供给、执行偏差与多元对策

依据宪法蕴含的关于教育是公民基本权利的规定,教育救助既是教育公平的重要内容,也是解决贫困代际转移的有效手段。但是,由于教育救助政策存在设计缺陷,在执行过程中易产生偏差。只有合宪性保障举措,才能确保教育救助作为宪政权利在现实生活中的实现。据此,有必要从教育救助的制度体系、救助资金渠道、救助模式多元化入手,促进教育救助事业的发展。     

取消农业税费后农村公共产品供给问题探析

取消农业税费后,农村公共产品供给被纳入公共财政体制,由过去农民承担的制度外供给变为制度内供给,全国财政对农村公共产品的投入逐步增加。但依旧存在很多问题尚待解决。主要表现在：第一,农业税费全面取消后,基层政府财政收入受到很大的冲击,尤其是贫困地区的基层政府更是难上加难,由此导致了基层政府供给公共产品能力的萎缩,贫困地区农村公共产品供给问题突出。第二,自上而下的农村供给决策机制尚未改变,以农民需求为导向的农村公共产品供给机制尚未建立,多层级政府决策程序链过长与满足农民多元化需求的矛盾日益突出。第三,多层政府自身的负担与农村农民农业需要的公共服务争夺资源的矛盾没有解决。本文以农村公共产品需求状况、供给状况分析为基础,针对农村供需之间的具体矛盾,结合中国具体的行政管理体制及财政管理体制,提出了相应的措施建议。