在“疯女人”的背后——简论《金锁记》的男权颠覆意识

张爱玲的小说《金锁记》塑造了一个“疯女人”曹七巧的形象,但在这一形象背后体现的是作家鲜明而又深刻的男权颠覆意识。作家生动而又形象地描绘了男权社会的缩影“姜公馆”浓重而又令人窒息的文化氛围,探究了造成曹七巧性格异化的原因,并对男权文化予以嘲讽和鞭挞。     

从甲骨文“男”、“女”二字之构形看男尊女卑之必然

“男”字的甲骨文构形为以力耕于田,所以男子在农耕时代处于物质生产的主导地位,也决定了其社会地位的不断提高;而“女”字的甲骨文构形,乃是女子跪着操持家务的形象,女子退出物质生产领域而以操持家务为职,直接导致了其地位的江河日下,使男尊女卑成为历史的必然。“男”、“女”二字之甲骨文构形是男尊女卑形成的一个活化石。     

Religion,Religiosity, and the Attitudes Toward Homosexuality—A Multilevel Analysis of 79 Countries

Although attitudes toward homosexuality have become more liberal, particularly in industrialized Western countries, there is still a great deal of variance in terms of worldwide levels of homonegativity. Using data from the two most recent waves of the World Values Survey (1999–2004, 2005–2009), this article seeks to explain this variance by means of a multilevel analysis of 79 countries. We include characteristics on the individual level, as age or gender, as well as aggregate variables linked to specificities of the nation-states. In particular, we focus on the religious denomination of a person and her religiosity to explain her attitude toward homosexuality. We find clear differences in levels of homonegativity among the followers of the individual religions.     

‘Allowed into a Man's World’ Meanings of Work–Life Balance: Perspectives of Women Civil Engineers as ‘Minority’ Workers in Construction

This article discusses how women working as civil engineers within the UK construction industry perceive work–life balance and considers strategies they use to achieve this. The findings are presented of a qualitative research project that explored the experiences of women in this role, focusing on the subcultural context of a profession that is dominated by the values of presenteeism and infinite availability. A feminist post‐structuralist framework is used to analyse how women negotiate their personal and professional time and the extent to which their other roles as carers and nurturers unsettle male work practices in this highly gendered profession. There are gradually increasing numbers of women in professional construction roles and their success appears to depend on being able to fit in to the dominant masculine culture of long working hours and the male pub gathering. Despite an increased presence, women's minority status in construction continues to challenge their professional identity and this is central to the conflict many face between the dual roles of corporate worker and private non‐work person.     

甘蓝型油菜NCa雄性不育系细胞形态学研究

甘蓝型油菜NCa雄性不育系和其保持系的花粉发育的研究指出：其花粉发育受阻发生在孢原细胞分化期,没有花粉囊的分化,有少量花粉发育受阻发生在四分体和单核花粉粒阶段,小孢子难以从四分体中释放出来,并且小孢子开始液泡化．     

Positive Manhood Development: A Look at Approaches and Concerns from the Frontline

This mixed methods study, using the perspectives of administrators and frontline workers, identified the key developmental needs of African American boys involved in manhood development programs. Five conceptual themes emerged: values and behavior; men needed for guidance; successful organizations; economics and systems; and stable quality parenting. Themes from the conceptual clusters are compared to themes in the positive youth development literature, specifically the 40 developmental assets framework proposed by the Search Institute. The resulting distinctive ecological focus is rarely discussed in the youth development literature and may have implications for youth development interventions that target positive African American manhood development.     

Affective Mediation of Homophobic Reactions to Homosexual Males

Abstract

In a test of the assumed dissimilarity/revulsion (AD/R) model of homophobia, 58 heterosexual males who differed in homophobia participated in an acquaintanceship exercise with a male partner who self-disclosed, midway through the exercise, that his sexual orientation was homosexual or heterosexual. As predicted by the AD/R model, (1) participants high in homophobia became less emotionally invested in their self-disclosures after learning of a homosexual partner's sexual orientation, whereas those low in homophobia disclosed with more emotion over time; (2) participants high in homophobia interacting with a homosexual partner reported more negative affect stemming from the acquaintanceship exercise, evaluated their partner less favorably and indicated greater desired and actual social distancing from their partner than did participants in the remaining three conditions; and (3) the relatively negative behavioral/evaluative responses of participants high in homophobia to homosexual (but not heterosexual) partners were mediated by their affective reactions to the acquaintanceship exercise.     

Lesbians and Alcohol Abuse: Identifying Factors for Future Research

ABSTRACT

This article explores the reasons why lesbians become substance abusers more frequently than individuals in the heterosexual population. A variety of reasons for this phenomenon are explored using 18 studies to assist in helping to identify reasons for the higher rate of substance abuse among the lesbian population. Factors identified as crucial for further research include: self-esteem, social identity and the influence of bars on substance abuse, the prevalence of suicide, disclosure identification, coming out, religious influence, sexual abuse, and gender self-presentation (butch-appearing masculine/femme-appearing effeminate).     

湛江师范学院男排运动员身体素质研究

运用测量法、文献资料法、评分计算法和数理统计法,对湛江师范学院男排运动员的13项身体素质进行统计学分析,且对不同位置、不同特征、不同个体的男子排球运动员的身体素质进行优劣研究和分析,从而寻找运动员的训练基本规律和关键因素,能较好地揭示其内在规律,为制定不同位置排球运动员身体素质训练的计划与训练比重提供理论依据.