University Students’ Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Parenting and Gay and Lesbian Rights in Portugal

The purpose of this study was to explore university students’ attitudes toward same-sex parenting and toward gay and lesbian rights. A total of 292 participants, aged between 18 and 27 (M = 21) responded to a questionnaire measuring attitudes toward parenting by gay men and lesbians, gay and lesbian rights, and beliefs about the etiology of homosexuality. Results revealed that the majority of students were against gay and lesbian parenting, gay and lesbian equal rights, and believed that homosexuality has a social/environmental basis. It was found that sexual prejudice is highly prevalent in Portuguese university students, and implications of these findings are discussed.     

Religion and the Rainbow Struggle: Does Religion Factor Into Attitudes Toward Homosexuality and Same-Sex Civil Unions in Brazil?

The provision of civil liberties to LGBT persons has become part of a global movement in societies across the world. In Brazil, a recent judicial ruling for the first time established the right for homosexual couples to enter into civil unions, despite the presence of widespread disapproval of homosexuality among the population and opposition from prominent religious groups. Picking up on this issue, the following study examines whether religion may factor into the attitudes Brazilians hold toward homosexuality and same-sex civil unions. Using data from the Brazilian Social Research Survey, we find that the most restrictive views toward homosexuality and the strongest opposition to same-sex civil unions are most prevalent among devoted followers of historical Protestant, Pentecostal, and Catholic faith traditions, whereas adherents of Afro-Brazilian and spiritist religions, as well as those with no religious commitment, are inclined to assume a more tolerant moral posture toward such issues. The findings point to religion as a potential influence in future public policy initiatives and social movements involving LGBT issues in Brazil.     

论杨绛小说中的男性形象

作为在“五四”新文化浸染下成长起来的女性作家,杨绛从小说创作开始就努力摆脱男权意识的影响,用其独立的眼光来审视社会。她的小说在塑造了一批女性经典形象的同时,也描绘了一批特色鲜明的男性形象。这些男性角色主要是知识分子,他们品格虽有高低之分,但爱情都充满失落无奈,事业上少有成就,且性格存在着或多或少的缺点和弱点。杨绛通过这些形象的塑造,消解了男性霸权,冷静地呈现了知识分子群体的工作和生活,委婉地反映出人生的局限和社会的荒诞。解读杨绛小说中男性形象的丰富内涵,是欣赏杨绛作品艺术、探索知识分子内心、解读社会现象的有效途径和独特视角。     

苏曼殊小说中的人物形象

苏曼殊是我国近代文学史上一位奇人奇才式的作家,也是南社的重要成员之一。苏曼殊小说中塑造的男女人物都十分珍视自己的爱情,不屈服于长辈的压力。男女人物的性格截然不同,男主人公或懦弱或忧郁,总是被动的接受爱情或逃避爱情;女主人公则多才貌双全,积极主动追求爱情,而且对爱情忠贞不渝,最终为情而死。本文选取苏曼殊小说中具有代表性的人物形象进行探讨分析。     

辨"齿、牙"

一些大型字典、辞书或齿、牙不分,或认为牙是臼齿。依《说文》、古文献、动物形态,牙实为尖锐的犬齿。     

《雪花秘扇》中“老同”现象及其反思

《雪花秘扇》将一种新的民俗观念纳入文学的大家庭,为中国当代影视文学提供了一种新的文学素材.作为一部民俗电影,《雪花秘扇》不仅让人们对于“老同”的真挚情感有了深刻的体验,还引发了对于女性生存与斗争的思考,并使人们立足于当下社会反思女性的生存状况.     

The Development of a Student-Run Ambulance

Abstract

Abortion decisions have a potentially meaningful effect on the lives of men. Previous research suggests that both men and women generally believe that men have the right to be involved in such decisions. However, very little research attention has been devoted to identifying individual difference correlates of discrepant levels of endorsement for male involvement in abortion decisions. The extent to which abortion attitudes (on a pro-choice to pro-life continuum), conceptualization of abortion as strictly a female issue, and interest in the issue operate as effective predictors of the appropriate level of male involvement in abortion decisions was examined in a sample of 1,387 college students. Results of a multiple regression analysis revealed that 44% of the variance in male involvement scores was explained by the predictor variables.     

The “Aging Males’ Symptoms” Scale (AMS): predictive value for lowered circulating androgens

Background: Symptoms of the “male climacteric” are often at least in part referred to an age-dependent decline of serum androgen levels. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship of climacteric symptoms as assessed by the “Aging Males’ Symptoms” (AMS) Questionnaire with circulating androgen levels. Methods: 146 ambulatory men (age, 27–85 years) were surveyed with the AMS Questionnaire and sampled for serum values of total testosterone (tT) and sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Free testosterone (fT) was calculated from tT and SHBG. A total AMS score ≥37 was considered pathological; the lower limits for tT and fT were set to 8 nmol/l and 180 pmol/l, respectively. Results: A significant deficit in tT and fT was shown in 25 (17.1%) and 34 (24.5%) men, respectively; the AMS Questionnaire showed pathological results for 66 (45.2%) men. In predicting a tT deficit, the AMS Questionnaire rendered a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 61.6%, only. However, multiple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation of lowered tT with a pathological somatovegetative and psychological AMS subscore (p = 0.042 and p = 0.01) and a correlation of lowered fT with a pathological sexual subscore (p = 0.039). Conclusion: In predicting hypogonadism the AMS Questionnaire in total did not render a sufficient diagnostic efficiency.     

The Influence of Intimate Violence on Transitions out of Cohabitation

Does the experience of violence in a cohabiting union lead participants away from marriage and toward separation, or does violence have only minimal impact once other characteristics of unions and their participants are controlled? This issue is examined using a sample of 411 cohabiting couples followed in both waves of the National Survey of Families and Households. Marriage and separation are treated as competing risks. Results show that violence does have an effect, although dissimilar effects emerge for transitions to separation, as opposed to marriage. Net of other factors, intense male violence—male violence that is more severe than the female partner's—raises the hazard of separation. In contrast, female violence, but not male violence, lowers the rate of marriage. The findings appear robust to a variety of operationalizations of partner violence.     

动物繁育子代的成本收益分析

动物繁育子代的行为与经济学中的理性人行为一样 ,进行成本收益的计算。在对成本和收益进行比较后 ,动物形成三种繁殖方式 ,即直接繁育、间接繁育和坐享其成。同性恋行为的经济基础就是坐享其成取得遗传收益的特殊情况。人类的生育行为也遵循成本收益计算的经济规律