Ranking Income Distributions According to Equality of Opportunity

According to the opportunity egalitarian ethics, economic inequalities due to factors beyond the individual responsibility are inequitable and to be compensated by society, whereas inequalities due to personal responsibility are equitable and not to be compensated. In this paper we derive welfare and inequality criteria that respect this principle of justice. We characterize axiomatically classes of opportunity egalitarian social evaluation functions. Then, by requiring unanimous agreement among such classes, we provide simple distributional conditions to rank income distributions. These criteria extend the Lorenz and generalized Lorenz partial orderings, commonly used in the unidimensional case of income distributions, to the current context of equality of opportunity.     

试论婚约制度在我国的设立

本文从保护订立婚约双方当事人的合法权益及维护社会秩序的稳定出发,针对我国现行婚约制度相对滞后,公力干预消极被动以及目前因婚约引起的恶性事件不断发生的现实状况,借鉴西方国家婚约制度的实践经验,建议加强国家公力对婚约的干预和监督,并对我国的婚约立法进行初步设计,以弥补现行婚约制度的不足和缺陷.     

Latinas’ Transition to First Marriage: An Examination of Four Theoretical Perspectives

National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and census data are used to examine the effect of both individual‐ and contextual‐level determinants on Latinas’ transition to first marriage (n= 745). Hypotheses derived from 4 leading theories of marriage timing are evaluated. Discrete‐time event‐history models that control for clustering within Labor Market Areas suggest that foreign‐born Latina and Anglo women have virtually identical marriage trajectories. Analyses further demonstrate that Latinas’ individual human capital, and residence in areas characterized by a relatively large supply of single foreign‐born Latino men, are associated with higher probabilities of marriage, whereas women’s aggregate economic opportunities are correlated with the predicted postponement of first marriage.     

地方性知识及其全球性扩展——文化对话中的强势弱势关系与平等问题

文化对话是在文化发展的既定格局中展开的。文化发展状态的不同,导致文化对话的强势弱势关系结构。在此基础上形成了两种全球性知识———同情性的全球性知识与领导性的全球性知识。改变这种不平等的文化对话状态,依赖于多方面条件的改变、人类长期的努力。惟有如此,建立在文化间平等对话基础上的全球性知识体系才可能建立起来。     

Unemployment and Family Behavior in Taiwan

This paper utilizes official monthly time series data of Taiwan from January 1978 to April 2000 and estimates of a Vector Auto-regressive model with centered seasonal dummy variables to investigate the interrelationships between unemployment and family behavior such as divorce, marriage, and conception in Taiwan. When using the unemployment rate as a proxy for the cycle indicator, the primary finding is that the unemployment rate has a positive influence on the divorce rate in Taiwan. In addition, the marriage rate turns out to be positively affected by the unemployment rate as well. However, the conception rate is found to be negatively affected by the unemployment rate.     

唐五代宋初敦煌婚龄考

我国唐五代宋初婚龄问题,传世文献中的直接记载较少,但卷帙丰富的敦煌社会经济文书、文学作品、变文等资 料中则有不少间接的,而又是第一手的史料,由此反映了我国中古时代婚姻制度、婚嫁文化及其相关的社风民习等方面的真 情实况。本文梳理有关材料,对于唐五代宋初敦煌婚龄作了较系统的探讨。     

封建伦理道德伞盖下的特权与真情－－贾宝玉与源氏婚恋之比较

作为特权阶层,贾宝玉和源氏在封建伦理道德秩序下形成相似而相区别的婚恋观念和实践。二人都认同和践行一夫多妻制,对女性都有着占有欲望,但贾宝玉始终追求理想化的婚姻,而源氏则以渔色为其人生第一要事。在婚恋问题上,源氏是封建秩序的维护者,而贾宝玉在追求理想婚姻时在客观上起到了反封建的作用。     

选择的困境——兼谈潘金莲婚恋

女性作为第二性,在旧时代婚恋选择中面临多重困境。《水浒传》和《金瓶梅》中的潘金莲即在这种选择中注定了悲剧结局。女性意识的觉醒并不意味着其人生选择中的主动性与平等性,女性生存的表象下是其隶属的、被动的、被操纵的地位。因此男权社会中的贞女和淫妇需要人们重新批判和审视。     

从《诗经》看先秦的婚姻制度

本文根据有关古代婚俗著作的论述,结合相关文献,从民俗学、社会学、文化人类学的角度对《诗经》中所反映的先秦的婚姻制度进行探讨。认为先秦婚姻制度主要有原始的“群婚制”;经原始的“群婚制”交异的“内婚制”;妻妾作为财产被继承的“收继制”。文章最后分析了古令某些学者对该问题有失偏颇的观点及产生的原因。     

现金流量表编制的改进

现金流量表反映企业在一定期间内现金流状况及原因 ,为决策者提供有价值的现金流量信息。本文从编制现金流量表的基础入手 ,重点介绍了一种编制现金流量表的快捷方法———多栏式现金日记帐法 ,希望能给会计实务工作者一些帮助。