高等教育改革对居民消费和储蓄变化的影响

作为消费品和投资品的高等教育发展是影响居民消费和储蓄变化的重要因素。1999年我国开始了以扩大招生规模和收取学杂费为主要内容的高等教育改革,结构突变检验表明,1999年我国高等教育招生规模发生了结构性突变,同时高等教育招生人数与居民年消费量以及高等教育招生人数与居民年终储蓄余额的协整关系也发生了变化。进一步的实证分析表明,我国高等教育发展对居民消费及储蓄的影响可大致分为三个阶段:1956—1965年挤出消费并拉动储蓄,1970—1998年拉动消费并挤出储蓄,1999—2010年挤出消费并拉动储蓄。由于高等教育学杂费增长超过收入增长、人们对于接受高等教育的渴望以及高等教育资源地域分布的不均衡,目前的高等教育改革不会在短期内扩大内需。必须在提高居民整体收入水平的基础上,才能通过高等教育的发展来有效扩大内需;同时,政府还应加大对高校的财政支持,减少高校收费,并加大对低收入地区高等教育发展的扶持力度。     

心理账户与薪酬激励效应的实验研究

改变薪酬的预期参照点,可以改变人们对同一结果的认知评价,从而达到不同的激励效果;人们在规避惩罚时更易激发出高水平的努力;低金额奖酬时人们倾向于选择物品,而高金额奖酬时人们倾向于选择现金.这些研究结论对人力资源管理实践有启示和借鉴意义.     

Maximum likelihood estimation of correlation between maximal oxygen consumption and the 6-min walk test in patients with chronic heart failure

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) is the standard measurement used to quantify cardiovascular functional capacity and aerobic fitness. Unfortunately, it is a costly, impractical and labour-intensive measure to obtain. The 6-min walk test (6MWT) also assesses cardiopulmonary function, but in contrast to the VO₂max test, it is inexpensive and can be performed almost anywhere. Various medical studies have addressed the correlation between VO₂max and 6MWT in patients with chronic heart failure. Of particular interest, from a medical point of view, is the conditional correlation between the two measures given the individual's height, weight, age and gender. In this paper, we have calculated the maximum likelihood estimate of the conditional correlation in patients with chronic heart failure under the assumption of skew normality. Data were recorded from 98 patients in the Operative Unit of Thoracic Surgery in Bari, Italy. The estimated conditional correlation was found to be much smaller than estimated marginal correlations reported in the medical literature.     

编辑形制的发展与物质技术进步的关系

本文将编辑工作的内容构成、工作方式和编辑工作存在的状态称为编辑形制 ,由此分析了编辑工作的孕育、产生、变化与物质技术进步的关系 ,指出当媒体制作的物质技术发生革命性的变化时 ,编辑形制便有新的发展。在计算机技术条件下 ,新的编辑技术手段将改变传统媒体的编辑形制 ,网络出版的兴起将产生出新的编辑形制     

展示黄河文化魅力再现黄河文化辉煌——评《黄河文化百科全书》

文章认为，《黄河文化百科全书》是黄河文化史上第一个百科总集，是内容丰富的资料宝库，是一部优秀的工具书和水平颇高的学术著作     

Dressing and Undressing the House

Based on anthropological fieldwork within a museum collection, this article discusses the changing nature of the rural household in central Romania. Through a detailed examination of its interiors, it provides an understanding of local perspectives on traditional households. Tracing the historical process of undressing and remaking this space, the article highlights the shifting local attitudes toward domesticity and different sentiments toward the house voiced by source communities and museum professionals. It aims to illuminate the contrasting time-spaces in which rural households are embedded and to provide a context for rethinking this material in the museum setting.     

A fast general extension algorithm of Latin hypercube sampling

A fast general extension algorithm of Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) is proposed, which reduces the time consumption of basic general extension and preserves the most original sampling points. The extension algorithm starts with an original LHS of size m and constructs a new LHS of size m?+?n that remains the original points. This algorithm is the further research of basic general extension, which cost too much time to get the new LHS. During selecting the original sampling points to preserve, time consumption is cut from three aspects. The first measure of the proposed algorithm is to select isolated vertices and divide the adjacent matrix into blocks. Secondly, the relationship of original LHS structure and new LHS structure is discussed. Thirdly, the upper and lower bounds help reduce the time consumption. The proposed algorithm is applied for two functions to demonstrate the effectiveness.     

基于旧件质量和“以旧换再”补贴的分级定价研究

以旧换再补贴政策已经在我国试点施行，相关原型新品和再制品的市场购买行为和企业定价决策受此影响。根据传统销售和售后渠道以及消费者持有旧件质量的不同细分市场，考虑到消费者的"以旧换再"偏好程度构建了制造商分级定价利润模型并分段优化，得到了"以旧换再"补贴下的最优分级定价决策，面向企业给出了旧件分级再制造的成本条件，面向政府给出了授予企业产品补贴资格的参考依据。考虑到再制造领先企业和一般企业再制造条件的不同，采用算例分析展示了补贴对领先企业及一般企业再制造分级定价决策的影响，并分析了消费者"以旧换再"偏好程度的变化对企业分级再制造决策的影响。结果表明，分级定价可以提高再制造系统的整体利润；换购补贴对促进再制造领先企业与一般企业再制造体系发展的积极作用不同，政府应根据产业及企业特点结合其他举措选择实施补贴的时机和补贴比例。     

金融危机对北京商业的影响及其应对建议

从美国次贷危机引发的全球金融为已经开始影响到北京商业的发展。这一影响主要表现为消费萎缩，商业企业营业额下降。客观地看，北京商业将会面对更大的压力和挑战。但同时，北京商业具备了应对危机的基础条件，在这一条件下，北京商业企业可以从战略、经营、管理和营销四个层面制定应对措施。