浅析庄子的和谐思想及其现实意义

时代在进步,认识亦随时代而发展。人类自其诞生至今,生生不息,代代相传。在对待自然的态度上,人们普遍认为,在经历了古代的“崇拜”“敬畏”,近代的“征服”“统治”之后,作为否定之否定的和谐形态,是对前两个阶段的积极扬弃。其实,在两千多年前,作为中国最伟大的思想家之一,庄子天人合一的和谐思想为和谐社会提供了一个理想的存在空间,在当今举国以高涨的热情构建社会主义和谐社会之时,庄子的和谐思想无疑有着极强的现实借鉴意义。     

“平等”之道德立法原理新论

平等,是人类文明的内在道德立法原理。从蒙昧时期到野蛮阶段,自然主义平等充任着人类生活的普遍准则;国家诞生后,权力主义等级内平等充当着人类文明的内在道德立法原理;进入近代社会,等级平等原理被人人平等原理所取代,由此建立起人类中心主义的现代文明,这种文明制造了人与自然间的不平等。因此,当代人类应重建普遍平等之道德立法的价值尺度原理,这一普遍平等原理的内在本质是普遍利益权利;其存在论原则是自然平等、万物平等、生命平等;其生存论方向是人人存在人权平等和公民生存权利平等。     

婚姻挤压对中国农村不同群体安全感的影响——基于全国百村调查数据的分析

中国的男性婚姻挤压问题,已成为目前社会转型期的“社会风险”之一,给包括不同婚姻状态下男女两性在内的社会各群体的安全感均带来不利影响,成为影响人口社会可持续发展的隐患。从个人微观层次分析婚姻挤压下农村各群体的安全感现状及婚姻挤压对不同年龄和地区的农村男性安全感的影响发现:农村大龄未婚男性群体的安全感最低,婚姻状况对个人的安全感具有显著影响,婚姻挤压对男性安全感的影响存在显著的时代差异以及地区差异。提高中国农村各群体的安全感需从根本上改善农村各群体的生存状况,统筹解决性别失衡引起的婚姻挤压问题,从国家政策与制度创新的层面关注婚姻挤压及农村各群体的安全感问题。     

赋体溯源与先秦赋述论(下)

论及先秦赋,有的将《楚辞》中包括《天问》《九歌》在内的全部作品皆划入其中。论及赋的源头,有的认为来自行人辞令,而大部分是据"赋者,古诗之流也"及"赋者,铺采文,体物写志"的概念空泛加以推论。本文认为应根据已定型的汉赋的几种体式,分别探讨其源头。实际上骚赋、文赋、诗体赋和俗赋在战国之末都已形成。屈原在西周末年以来诵诗的基础上,吸收楚民歌的特征创造了骚赋和诗体赋。作为赋的主体的文赋,过去学者们或以为出于诸子,或以为出于行人之官,实际上其文本来自议对和行人辞令,但由应用文字而转变为文学的一种形式,同瞍矇的赋诵活动有关。是瞍矇选择有意义的议对和辞令,整齐其语言,使之更便于赋诵,从而促成了赋这种文学体裁的产生。除文献记载之外,先秦时较早的赋体作品中常以师旷为主要人物,也说明这一点。俗赋的题材则取自寓言和传说故事,它的形成同以表演、说笑愉悦人主和贵族的俳优有关。战国时淳于髡所编《晏子春秋》中有不少近于俗赋的作品,有的甚至传至汉代以后,在唐代俗赋作品中也得到反映,便是证明。瞍矇和俳优是先秦时代的专业文艺工作者,他们对赋的形成做出了贡献。     

论《随想录》中的儒教“宗教人”形象

儒教是一种特殊的宗教,由于它的隐蔽性很强,尽管"五四"先驱者就已提出了"打倒孔家店"的口号,但是对儒教的宗教实质认识,中国现代作家大多是在经历了"文革"的教训后才若有所悟,这一点在巴金的晚年写作中表现得十分突出。解放前,巴金无情地批判觉新的性格缺陷和精神弱点,解放后,他做梦也没有想到,自己也成为了无神论时代典型的"宗教人"之一。解读《随想录》,可以发现,无论是觉新还是巴金,他们的精神世界都与儒教有着千丝万缕的联系,只不过前者在明处,后者在暗处,不容易被发现而已。     

试论英语中男女使用语言差别的原因

社会语言学家在进行语言调查研究时,将性别作为一个重要的社会语言学变项进行研究。而归纳总结社会语言学家研究男女使用语言差别的不同理论和研究方法,人们可以从社会地位差别和社会环境差别等方面找到男女使用语言差别的原因。     

妇女是否参加工作与男女平等没有必然联系吗？

前一段时间,国内一些报刊媒体所热烈讨论的有关"妇女回家"的论点,是与马克思主义的妇女解放理论不相符合的,也是和男女平等的基本国策背道而驰的;单方面让妇女回家决不是从根本上解决我国社会就业问题的良策.     

Association between sexually explicit messages and sleep health among French sexual minority men

It has been demonstrated that sexual minority men (SMM) participate in sexting. While research has shown that engagement in the exchange of sexually explicit media is associated with poor health outcomes, no previous research has investigated its association with sleep health outcomes. This study sought to examine the association between sexually explicit media and sleep health among SMM, a population that suffers from poor sleep health. A popular geosocial networking application was used to recruit SMM individuals (N?=?580) in the Paris, France, metropolitan area. Multivariate analyses, adjusting for sociodemographics, were used to test the association between the frequency of sexually explicit messaging and three dimensions of sleep health: (1) sleep quality, (2) sleep duration, and (3) two aspects of sleep problems. In multivariate analyses, those who reported engaging in sexually explicit messaging more were more likely to report getting less than seven?hours of sleep (aRR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.08, 1.43) compared with those who reported engaging in sexually explicit messaging less. No significant associations were found between sexting and sleep quality or reporting sleep problems. Sexually explicit messaging was associated with shorter sleep duration. Intervention targeted at individuals who sext could potentially improve sleep health outcomes.     

Sexual Behaviors,Sexual Health Practices,and Community Engagement Among Gay and Bisexually Identified Men Living in Rural Areas of the United States

Limited research has focused on the sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men (MSM) from rural communities. We examined the sexual and health-related behaviors of MSM living in rural areas of the United States in order to understand the sexual health repertoire of this population. A total of 5,357 participants living in rural settings were recruited online and completed an anonymous Internet-based survey that assessed sexual behaviors, condom use, and men’s engagement with various community activities and events. These data provide a greater understanding of sexual health profiles that exist among rural MSM and will help inform the design of effective programs for men in these often underserved communities.     

The Association Between Gay Men's Stereotypic Beliefs About Drag Queens and Their Endorsement of Hypermasculinity

To date, few researchers have investigated gay men's stereotypic beliefs about drag queens and the association between these beliefs and individual difference variables such as hypermasculinity. To address this omission, 118 men self-identifying as non-heterosexual completed an online survey consisting of an adjective checklist about drag queens and a psychometrically sound indicant of hypermasculinity. As predicted, participants who were more likely to endorse hypermasculine belief statements tended to perceive negatively valenced attributes as more characteristic of drag queens. Possible explanations for this relationship, limitations associated with the current study, and directions for future research are delineated.