0-3 岁托育需求影响因素研究：基于对市场与政府的期望

2016年的全面二孩政策实施效果不及预期,我国的低生育水平难以改善。生育率的高低与生育意愿息息相关,随着三孩政策的出台,幼儿的托育困境作为制约广大群众生育意愿的重要因素亟需得到关注。运用武汉市3岁以下婴幼儿父母问卷调查数据,构建二元Logit模型研究群众因素、市场因素和政府因素与家庭托育需求之间的关系。研究发现:家庭结构、家庭收入、孩子年龄、影响工作程度,母亲受教育程度,托育市场的经济性、便利性和质量以及政府的政策支持会显著影响家庭的托育需求。基于实证结果,提出政策建议:推动托育服务供给主体多元化,促进托育服务规范化发展,发展普惠性公共托育服务,提升托育服务便利性,增强家庭抚育能力。     

社区小型老年养护机构发展的现状与困境研究——基于新乡市M老年护理院的实地调查

对家庭无力照料的失能半失能老年人而言,到社区小型老年养护机构接受“养”“护”服务是理想选择。对新乡市M老年护理院的实地调查揭示,社区小型老年养护机构因与老年人在熟悉社区环境中养老的愿望相吻合、便于子女探望和发病时送往大医院救治、提供的护理服务比较专业而深受失能半失能老人及其家属的喜爱。然而,目前社区小型老年养护机构在运行中却面临着护工整体素质低下、护工工作强度大且薪酬待遇低、收费标准偏高、餐饮服务质量差、服务缺乏人性化、缺乏科学合理的管理、可持续发展困难等问题,这些难题需要通过加快护理员队伍建设、提高科学管理意识与水平、加强政府的监管与政策、资金支持来解决。     

Diagnosis of Pregnancy

Abstract

Contraceptive failure is a growing problem, especially on the college campus. Because of this, college health care providers are treating more and more college women not only for pregnancy-related problems, but women that present to the health center with other health complaints and are pregnant as well.

For these reasons, the diagnosis of pregnancy must always be entertained by all health care providers treating young women. Pregnancy must always be excluded before any tests or procedures are done that may be teratogenic. This is not only important for optimal health care, but also for medical-legal reasons.

This paper presents four unusual presentations of pregnancy and reviews the guidelines for diagnosis of pregnancy.     

Chapter 8:

No abstract available for this article.     

Continuing Care Retirement Communities:

No abstract available for this article.     

Chapter 7 Sexual Abuse of Older Women Living in Nursing Homes

Abstract

Aggregated data from APS case files of sexually abused older women between the agesof70 and 89living in nursing homes were collected over a five-year period, yielding a total of 50 substantiated cases. The most common types of sexual abuse involved instances of sexualized kissing and fondling and unwelcome sexual interest in the women's body. All alleged perpetrators were male; they typically were 70 years of age and older and residents in the nursing home. In only three cases was the alleged offender prosecuted in court and only one of these cases was the offender convicted. Implications of these data for future practice and research are discussed.     

应对老龄化挑战探索“护理院”发展

上海在20世纪70年代就进入了老龄化社会，这对上海市域社会的发展带来了严峻挑战，大力发展老年护理事业迫在眉睫。对目前上海老年护理院的现状进行调研发现，上海在发展老年护理院方面存在若干瓶颈问题。通过对问题的形成原因加以剖析，并借鉴发达国家的有益经验，提出发展上海老年护理院的具体政策建议。     

Heteronormative Labour: Conflicting Accountability Structures among Men in Nursing

Drawing on interview and diary data from 40 men in nursing in the US, the current study advances our theoretical understanding of how heteronormativity and masculinity intersect to shape men's performance of carework. Men in nursing are constrained by their accountability to stereotypes that they are gay and/or hypersexual, challenging their work in the feminized profession of nursing. As heteronormativity is embedded in the institution of health care, men nurses of all sexualities must perform additional labour on the job to reconcile their conflicting accountability to heteronormative stereotypes and occupational standards of care. We conceptualize this additional labour as heteronormative labour — work performed in order to strategically manage heteronormative expectations and realized through discursive, cognitive and emotional strategies. The experiences of men in caring professions remain rich for advancing theory on the relationship between sexuality and gender generally and in the workplace.     

Bodies of work: skilling at the bottom of the global nursing care chain

ABSTRACT

In the midst of a growing global market for migrant care work, there is a need to investigate not only how such labour is consumed but how ‘ideal’ care workers are also produced. This paper investigates how schools within migrant-sending countries produce nurse labour through body work or the testing and honing of hospital procedures on patients’ bodies. Focusing on the case of the Philippines, this paper shows how the education of nurses for export creates a paradoxical impact on care work within local healthcare institutions. Aspiring nurse migrants provide much-needed manpower to understaffed public hospitals yet, treat poor patients as docile bodies to enhance their skills for future foreign employers. This practice creates an inherent inequality in the actual skilling of aspiring nurse migrants, where the poorest bodies allow nurse migrants to provide better care to more privileged bodies in wealthier nations.