企业用户云服务技术选择行为

如何选择最佳云服务方案,是企业决定采纳云服务之后所面临的一个重要决策。为了解决云服务技术选择问题,从业务流程的视角出发,以模块化系统理论为基础,提出一个流程模块化、IT可拆解性及安全风险如何影响云服务技术选择的研究模型。采用问卷调查和计量经济学的普通最小二乘法OLS进行实证分析。研究结果表明:流程模块化和IT可拆解性对云服务技术选择的抽象程度有显著的正向影响,即流程模块化程度IT可拆解性越高的企业,越倾向于选择抽象程度高的云服务,如软件即服务SaaS;而流程模块化程度和IT可拆解性越低的企业,越倾向于选择抽象程度低的云服务,如基础设施即服务IaaS。同时,安全风险会正向调节流程模块化和IT可拆解性对云服务技术选择的抽象程度的影响。     

信息不对称条件下风险投资退出方式选择研究

退出过程的信息不对称程度影响风险投资的退出方式,成功的退出对风险投资的良性发展具有重要意义。在信息不对称的条件下,对于风险投资而言,高效的退出方式是首次公开上市退出,但IPO不能很好地解决内外部投资者之间存在的严重的信息不对称问题。并购、回购等股权转让的退出方式,能更好地解决信息不对称问题,是风险投资退出的另一重要渠道,但收益较低。研究表明,风险投资成功退出的关键是根据创业企业的发展和资本市场的变化情况,把握退出的时间和方式,选择部分或全部退出,以保证风险投资收益的最大化。     

家庭性别平等观念与生育性别意愿——对湖北省8县(市)996名农村居民的实证分析

以人口学、社会学(家庭方面)、社会心理学(认知方面)等相关理论为基础,从生育主体———农村居民的主观角度,通过大规模问卷调查,并辅以个案访谈的方式收集资料,考察和研究了家庭性别平等观念、生育性别意愿以及两者之间的关系。并依研究结论讨论了当前我国农村家庭性别平等观念的表现和变化,以及对生育性别意愿的研究思路和方法。     

新型农村合作医疗的逆向选择问题验证——基于四川样本的实证分析

本文基于四川新型农村合作医疗556户调查数据,运用逻辑斯蒂模型对新农合运行中存在的逆向选择问题,从年龄结构、参合报销情况、健康状况三个方面将农户分为高风险农户和低风险农户,通过描述性分析及计量检验验证了四川新农合运行中确实存在逆向选择,并就该问题提出了政策建议。     

基于制造商网络渠道选择的双渠道供应链定价 与服务决策研究

本文考虑由线下零售商实体销售与制造商网络销售构成的网络直销,以及由线下零售商实体销售与线上零售商网络销售构成的网络分销两种制造商双渠道模式,研究“搭便车”行为下制造商模式选择和供应链最优定价与服务决策。研究发现:制造商的渠道选择策略与“搭便车”行为程度、消费者偏好网络渠道程度、价格敏感系数等有关。尤其当消费者受到的服务且对价格的敏感性相同时,制造商会选择网络直销双渠道模式。进一步分析消费者“搭便车”行为和网络渠道偏好对制造商渠道选择和定价决策影响发现,制造商在消费者偏好网络渠道程度比较低时应选择网络分销双渠道模式,而当消费者网络渠道偏好和“搭便车”行为程度都比较高时,制造商应选择网络直销双渠道模式。消费者网络渠道偏好或“搭便车”行为程度越大,两种模式下批发价格应设置的更低。网络直销渠道模式下“搭便车”行为程度越大,网络渠道销售价格应设置的更低,而消费者网络渠道偏好程度越大,网络渠道销售价格应设置得更高。     

对冲通胀风险的战略视角与微观选择

针对通货膨胀风险,以盯住通胀率为目标,基于随机混合整数规划模型(SMIP)构建了具有通胀保护功能的大宗商品期货投资组合,实现对通货膨胀率的动态跟踪.结果表明,基于盯住通胀率所构建的动态调整的商品期货投资组合能够以较低成本跑赢CPI指数,从而保证获得高于市场通胀率的较稳定的超额投资收益.对通胀保护能力的检验结果表明,商品期货投资组合具有良好的通胀保护功能,能够有效对冲通胀风险,有助于建立长期价格稳定机制.研究结果为企业和机构投资者在既定通胀水平下对冲通胀风险提供了一个具有战略意义的微观选择.     

银行客户信用评估动态分类器集成选择模型

现实的银行客户信用评估数据常包含大量的缺失值,这在很大程度上影响了信用评估模型的性能.针对已有模型的不足,提出了面向缺失数据的动态分类器集成选择模型DCESM.该模型充分利用数据集中所包含的已知信息,在训练信用评估模型之前不需要事先对缺失数据进行预处理,从而减少了对数据缺失机制假设以及数据分布模型的依赖.从UCI数据库中选择两个银行信用卡业务信用评估数据集进行实证分析,结果表明,与4种常用的基于插补法的多分类器集成模型以及1种直接面向缺失数据建模的集成模型相比,DCESM模型能够取得更好的客户信用评估性能.     

基于协同效应的知识创新团队伙伴选择方法

在知识创新团队的伙伴选择问题中着重考虑了伙伴间的协同效应信息。首先,分析了伙伴之间的协同关系与协同效应,描述了考虑多个协同效应评价指标的知识创新团队伙伴选择问题;然后,建立了团队伙伴选择的数学模型,该模型是一个0-1二次整数规划问题,为了求解该问题,开发了一种GRASP启发式算法;最后,通过一个实例分析说明了所提出方法的可行性和实际应用价值。     

Improved Transferability of Data‐Driven Damage Models Through Sample Selection Bias Correction

Damage models for natural hazards are used for decision making on reducing and transferring risk. The damage estimates from these models depend on many variables and their complex sometimes nonlinear relationships with the damage. In recent years, data‐driven modeling techniques have been used to capture those relationships. The available data to build such models are often limited. Therefore, in practice it is usually necessary to transfer models to a different context. In this article, we show that this implies the samples used to build the model are often not fully representative for the situation where they need to be applied on, which leads to a “sample selection bias.” In this article, we enhance data‐driven damage models by applying methods, not previously applied to damage modeling, to correct for this bias before the machine learning (ML) models are trained. We demonstrate this with case studies on flooding in Europe, and typhoon wind damage in the Philippines. Two sample selection bias correction methods from the ML literature are applied and one of these methods is also adjusted to our problem. These three methods are combined with stochastic generation of synthetic damage data. We demonstrate that for both case studies, the sample selection bias correction techniques reduce model errors, especially for the mean bias error this reduction can be larger than 30%. The novel combination with stochastic data generation seems to enhance these techniques. This shows that sample selection bias correction methods are beneficial for damage model transfer.     

Is prenatal sex selection associated with lower female child mortality?

I examine whether prenatal sex selection has substituted postnatal excess female mortality by analysing the dynamics of child sex ratios between 1980 and 2015 using country-level life table data. I decompose changes in child sex ratios into a ‘fertility’ component attributable to prenatal sex selection and a ‘mortality’ component attributable to sex differentials in postnatal survival. Although reductions in numbers of excess female deaths have accompanied increases in missing female births in all countries experiencing the emergence of prenatal sex selection, relative excess female mortality has persisted in some countries but not others. In South Korea, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, mortality reductions favouring girls accompanied increases in prenatal sex selection. In India, excess female mortality was much higher and largely stable as prenatal sex selection emerged, but slight reductions were seen in the 2000s. In China, although absolute measures showed reductions, relative excess female mortality persisted as prenatal sex selection increased.