试析城市电力设施的布局规划思路及方法——以绍兴市市区电力设施的布局规划为例

电力设施是城市电力系统的重要组成部分,针对电力设施的布局规划,采用国内领先的规划策略和优化模型,在科学合理的负荷分布预测基础上,对城市变电站站址及廊道的结构进行全面优化,并提前将电网规划结果纳入城市规划中.     

国家创新能力测评五十年

世界上开展国家创新能力测评研究与实证至今已整整50年,其间经历了单指标测评向多指标测评的转变.单指标测评简便易行,但也存在不足;多指标测评可以从多个角度来衡量国家创新能力及其表现,现已成为国家创新能力测评的主流体系.目前国际上代表性的测评体系主要有OECD科技指标、欧洲创新计分牌、美国科技指标、FP&S评价方法;国内代表性的测评体系主要有中国科学技术指标、中国区域创新能力报告.针对国家创新能力与创新型国家之间的关系,结合当前国家创新能力测评体系的特点,国家创新能力测评方法体系应体现以下两种思想:和谐思想和可持续发展思想.国家创新能力的测评也应从四个维度来开展:创新投入指数、创新绩效指数、创新发展指数、创新和谐指数.     

现阶段我国粮食安全的各项指标分析

粮食安全概念的内涵和评价指标是不断变化的。目前，世界银行及各国学者提出的关于国家粮食安全状况的衡量指标比较一致，主要包括五个指标。本文主要运用该指标分析目前我国的粮食安全形势，并综合考虑我国各种投入、粮食流通、农民收入等因素，对我国的粮食安全形势进行基本判断，提出相应的对策和建议。     

Resilience? Contested meanings and experiences in post-disaster Christchurch,New Zealand

The purpose of this paper is to improve understanding of the relationship between sense of place and community resilience, two concepts described and defined differently reflecting different disciplinary research, policies and practices. We draw on international literature that has focused on the interrelationship between these concepts in the context of natural disasters, as well as the findings of a multidisciplinary project in the post-earthquake Christchurch recovery context. We describe how we developed indicators of resilience linked to sense of place as it relates to home, neighbourhood and the city, including place-based social interaction and the role of scientific and technical information. Through integrating literature with the findings from project interviews and a survey, we offer new ways of considering ‘resilience’ and we discuss the implications of our findings for not just the Christchurch recovery, but for future response and recovery to natural disasters throughout New Zealand.     

基于频度与价格指标法比较的服务贸易壁垒研究

以中国入世承诺表及服务业上市公司的财务数据为基础,分别运用频度和价格指标法对中国各服务部门的贸易壁垒进行研究,并与制造业比较。结果显示,中国服务贸易对外开放广度大,但深度低,与制造业相比,服务贸易壁垒水平仍很高;服务部门间的壁垒水平差异大,除运输服务业外,传统服务业的贸易壁垒低于现代服务业,其中金融业的贸易壁垒限制最多;除教育服务外,其他部门的市场准入限制大于国民待遇限制。因此,应明确政府在服务贸易中的管理职能,完善相关法律体系。同时,逐步降低市场准入壁垒,优化产业结构,提高现代服务业竞争水平。     

城市现代化: 基本内涵与指标体系

城市现代化是城市发展的目标.本文追溯了现代化概念的演变,认为我国城市在推进经典意义上的现代化进程的同时,在某些领域应不失时机地进入现代化前沿.在吸收最新现代化理论的基础上,作者提出了城市现代化的基本内涵,并进而对城市现代化的若干指标体系进行了评述.     

The Analysis of the Employment Status of China' s labor Force and Its Variations

With the aging of population,the academic researches tend to focus on the size,structure,quality of the labor forces.This article,based on the data of 2012 CLDS,describes demographically the employment status of China’s labor force by fourtypes:employee,employer,selfemployed and farming and analyzesthe variations in the indicators of the 4 types employment status,such a shuman capital,working hours,worksites,in come,social security,job evaluation and work values and identity of social class,etc.Understanding these variations is a great significance to the proper labor policy-making.     

厦漳泉区域差异的泰尔指数评价及政策建议

采用泰尔指数测度了厦漳泉2005—2012年间与建设小康社会密切相关的经济发展类、生活水平类、社会发展类和环境保护类等17个指标的区域间差异状况,得出结论：在全面建设小康社会的进程中,厦漳泉区域间差异在总体上趋于缩小,但个别指标仍然存在着相当的差距以及低水平的均衡状态,厦门市则在比较多的指标方面占据优势,漳州市多个指标处于劣势。应充分发挥厦门的龙头带动作用,促进共同繁荣,建成高质量的小康社会。     

Expert Study to Select Indicators of the Occurrence of Emerging Mycotoxin Hazards

This article describes a Delphi‐based expert judgment study aimed at the selection of indicators to identify the occurrence of emerging mycotoxin hazards related to Fusarium spp. in wheat supply chains. A panel of 29 experts from 12 European countries followed a holistic approach to evaluate the most important indicators for different chain stages (growth, transport and storage, and processing) and their relative importance. After three e‐mailing rounds, the experts reached consensus on the most important indicators for each of the three stages: wheat growth, transport and storage, and processing. For wheat growth, these indicators include: relative humidity/rainfall, crop rotation, temperature, tillage practice, water activity of the kernels, and crop variety/cultivar. For the transport and storage stage, they include water activity in the kernels, relative humidity, ventilation, temperature, storage capacity, and logistics. For wheat processing, indicators include quality data, fraction of the cereal used, water activity in the kernels, quality management and traceability systems, and carryover of contamination. The indicators selected in this study can be used in an identification system for the occurrence of emerging mycotoxin hazards in wheat supply chains. Such a system can be used by risk managers within governmental (related) organizations and/or the food and feed industry in order to react proactively to the occurrence of these emerging mycotoxins.     

Summarizing the Effect of a Wide Array of Amenity Measures into Simple Components

A significant issue existing within the rural economic development literature revolves around the difficulty with sorting out the controversy of the effects of amenity activities on rural economic growth. This problem is due to the different ways amenity attributes are linked to regional economic performance. Numerous researchers utilize principal component analysis to compress groups of variables that describe attributes of natural-based amenity and quality of life into scalar measures. While principal components are good at reducing a collection of variables into single measures, they often lack interpretability because they define some abstract scores which are often not meaningful or not well interpretable in practice. We apply the simple component analysis suggested by Rousson and Gasser (2004, Applied Statistics 53, 539–555) to summarize the information in groups of variables into a limited number of simple components and improve interpretability at a modest loss of optimality. Simple components allow us to identify and interpret the effect of attributes that most influence regional economic performance so as to gain better insight into policies to preserve and advance those attributes. The same methodology is appropriate for any social science discipline when there is a need to replace a larger number of multiple indicator measurements with a smaller set.