艺术作品的情感表现和艺术知性

情感表现和艺术知性是分析艺术作品的两个重要纬度。情感表现是作品所表现出来的是主题思想和情感,而艺术知性则是艺术家藉以表达情感所遵循的审美理念和使用的艺术表现技巧。优秀的作品是艺术家正确处理两者关系的结果。以分析凡高的作品为例,探讨了两者之间的关系。     

Visibility patterns of gendered ageism in the media buzz: a study of the representation of gender and age over three decades

Abstract

The mainstream media provides a constant flow of visual images of men and women, whether it is via newscasts, billboards, magazines, or television. In media research, these different media types are usually investigated separately. The aim of this study is to analyse the accumulated gender representation of all images that we passively or actively take part in, here defined as “the media buzz.” To capture the representation of gender and age in the media buzz, this study focuses on images from one day in the most circulated media within Sweden: news, feature stories, fiction, and advertising. The empirical data is drawn from three different decades—1994, 2004, and 2014. Overall, the study indicates there to be a general male/female balance in terms of numbers. However, when turning older, both men and women become almost invisible, even though older men are more visible than older women. Older persons rarely reach the news and they are more likely to be found in advertising and feature material. The work presented here suggests that the structures of visibility and the clusters of gender-age representation in the media foster stereotyping. The media buzz not only contributes to ageism, but is also still distinctly gendered.     

心理现象与物理现象的区别

我们尝试为心理现象下这样一个定义,即它们都是意向性地把对象包含于自身之中。每一呈现在感觉中和想象中的表象都是心理现象的一个实例;这里的表象不是指被表象的东西,而是指表象活动本身。     

排华浪潮中的华人再现

随着１９世纪下半叶大量华工涌入美国,中美两国间　的文化交流进入了新的历史时期。在长达近半个世纪的反华排华氛围下,反映主流意识形态　的美国强势文化对处于弱势的中华文化进行了十分明显的误征误现。这个时期美国的小说、　戏剧、诗歌里,出现了一批东方主义色彩十分浓厚的作品,集中展现了一个文化“他者”的　形象,这个形象至今仍然是美国主流意识形态的一部分。     

Defending the American Dream: Coverage of the Jonathan Pollard Spy Case

This article contemplates the journalistic coverage of American espionage as an attempt to maintain consonance with broader cultural discourses about what it means to be an American. Tracking the American press coverage of the Jonathan Pollard spy case, the article demonstrates that the press turns espionage into a phenomenon upholding fundamental American beliefs in openness, sincerity, and straightforwardness. It shows that, rather than represent espionage as a phenomenon embodying deceit, secrecy, and immoral action, the press turns espionage into a phenomenon that communicates that one is what one says one is and that one's self presentation reflects one's insides. Ultimately, however, this representation of espionage undermines a full understanding of how—and why—spying works in culture.     

从物象到意象：移就修辞的心理表征机制

心理表征是语言前思维阶段大脑中所呈现的一种意象,是主体心智对客观现实加工和抽象化的结果。移就修辞可视作主客体相互作用的一种心智活动。客观外物的心理属性具备表达主体心理状态的条件和可能,有较强的依赖性和主体性。从主体有意识地借物传情到最终语言表达式的形成,需要经历一个心理表征的过程。通过感知和感知模拟,客观外物的心理属性被主体心智选择和调用,成为移就生成的前提及其意义建构的基础。     

论道德效力及其表征

道德效力不仅仅是道德规范的影响力,而是道德价值体系整体的效力,是道德价值体系本身所具有的能实现一定社会目标、达到某种社会效果的力量。它不仅是一个量的概念,因受各种因素的影响而在程度上有所不同,而且在性质上也有善与恶的区分。相对于法律效力,道德效力有其独有的特性。其外在表征主要体现在求善的执着、个体的自律和他律、社会秩序的良好三个方面。     

论词汇习得及汉语对第二语言词汇习得的影响

词汇习得是语言习得的一项重要内容,它是一个由浅及深的过程,有着丰富的内容,并受各种因素的影响。母语词汇习得与第二语言词汇习得存在较大差异,并且,母语本身也会对二语词汇习得产生影响,英语为第二语言的词汇习得便受母语汉语的明显影响。     

彼岸再现与民族自志：访美学人张其昀及其《旅美见闻录》

研究近代留美或赴美群体,各类游美见闻手册是不可或缺的重要历史档案,它们是了解访美学人主体意识的一扇十分重要的窗口,也是访美学人主体发声的重要渠道及意见传播平台。1946年,张其昀根据他在美国期间的见闻,出版了《旅美见闻录》。该书深切地体现出作者在抗战时期对民族国家复兴的所思所感,再现了美国形象。同时,张其昀对其在美生活访学历程的相关探讨,形成了一套基于赴美学人自身价值观的对西方社会文化的认知,也建构了一个访美学人视野中美国访学生活的独特面貌。     

Clinical implications of attachment narratives

This paper discusses attachment theory and research with emphasis on the empirical studies of Many Main. Main's work emphasizes the relationship between an individual's narrative regarding attachment relationships and their underlying internal working model of attachment. The internal working model of attachment is a representation of attachment experience and a set of rules for processing attachment experience. This paper describes various categories of attachment narrative construction and presents a case history that is discussed from an attachment theory perspective.