‘The seal of approval’: referring adults with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour to community learning disability teams

This article describes a study that involved interviewing eight managers of residential services, who have made referrals to community learning disability teams (CLDTs) for challenging behaviour. Thematic analysis and a critical perspective are combined to analyse and interpret what referrers said about the process of the referral. The study found that managers referred people with intellectual disabilities to the CLDT primarily in order to manage organisational problems rather than to directly manage challenging behaviour. The referrals enlisted the services of professionals to legitimise the residential services, to confirm their practices and to provide credibility to existing decisions by managers. In referring a man or woman with intellectual disabilities to the CLDT, the managers submit themselves, their staff and the person with the intellectual disabilities to the power of the health and psy-complex professionals.     

甘肃省区域经济增长差异及对策选择

运用经济区位商、库兹涅茨比率和层次聚类分析方法,对1990～2004年甘肃省14个地市(州)的人均GDP、居民可支配收入等指标进行分析,在考察了甘肃省区域经济增长差异的现状的基础上,对区域进行了分类研究,并进一步提出了促进甘肃省区域经济协调发展的对策建议.     

基于区位商方法的陕西产业集群识别与检验

在阐述了区位商方法的基础上,运用区位商方法识别了陕西的产业集群,并对识别结果进行了检验,结果表明用此方法识别陕西产业集群是有效的.     

Building resilience in a children's home: results from an action research project

This paper reports on the findings of an action research project aimed at building resilience in young people in a residential children's home. Daniel and Wassell's six domains for promoting resilience in young people were adopted as a conceptual framework to guide the residential social workers as they engaged in successive cycles of reflection and action. Two core areas were explored: (a) the approaches deemed to be helpful in building resilience; and (b) the background factors that enabled and constrained the social workers' interventions. The findings showed that the participants acted creatively to use resources and tools both within the system of State‐mandated parenting and the informal, meaning‐oriented world of the young people.     

Normalization of the origin-shifted exponential distribution for control chart construction

This study demonstrates that a location parameter of an exponential distribution significantly influences normalization of the exponential. The Kullback–Leibler information number is shown to be an appropriate index for measuring data normality using a location parameter. Control charts based on probability limits and transformation are compared for known and estimated location parameters. The probabilities of type II error (β-risks) and average run length (ARL) without a location parameter indicate an ability to detect an out-of-control signal of an individual chart using a power transformation similar to using probability limits. The β-risks and ARL of control charts with an estimated location parameter deviate significantly from their theoretical values when a small sample size of n≤50 is used. Therefore, without taking into account of the existence of a location parameter, the control charts result in inaccurate detection of an out-of-control signal regardless of whether a power or natural logarithmic transformation is used. The effects of a location parameter should be eliminated before transformation. Two examples are presented to illustrate these findings.     

铁路网与地区经济增长的关系——以江西为例

特定地域空间内交通运输网络的演进与该地域空间交通区位优势的变化之间存在着密切的联系。而且,通过发展交通运输网络、提升交通区位优势,可以显著地促进地区经济增长。江西铁路网的演进从根本上提升了江西的交通区位优势,并推动了江西经济的快速增长。通过对江西省经济总量指标与该省铁路运输部门各相关变量指标所做的协整分析也可以发现,江西交通区位优势的提升对江西经济的持续增长已经形成了长期稳定的作用机制。     

关于改善和解决农村人居生态环境问题的对策研究

改善农村人居生态环境是新时期、新阶段关乎民生发展的重大问题。新农村建设以来,我国农村人居环境发生了巨大变化,但从总体上看依然非常落后,存在着垃圾污染严重、乡村绿化综合效果不佳以及人居环卫基础设施建设不足等问题。针对上述问题,建议从关注民生发展的角度对农村基础设施建设、城乡一体化建设、绿色宜居村庄建设、农村环境保护管理制度建设以及发展农村循环经济、提高农民生态环保意识等方面加以完善和增强,从而切实改善农村人居生态环境落后的状况。     

基于实证取向的居住空间分异研究——以南通市为例

在介绍居住空间分异的理论基础上,调查获取了南通市132个建成居住社区的数据,统计计算各个居住社区得分,将其分为四个等级,并分析总结南通市居住社区空间分异的现状。     

不同固定建设费用轴——辐中心问题的一个有效算法

轴——辐网络中心问题是选址领域中已被广泛研究的问题之一,其中包括对中心选址和设计中心网络结构两方面。本文提出了一种基于遗传算法的混合启发式算法来解决具有不同建设费用的无约束中心选址问题。该方法依据中心点数与全部点数的比例上限确定中心点个数。本文提出了以流量、平均距离和建设费用为参数的确定各个点被选为中心点的指标因子i作为选址指标,并首次使用单亲遗传算法求解该问题。该算法的计算结果表明它可以有效的得到小规模不同建设费用轴—辐网络问题的最优解,并且表明当折扣系数a较小时,本文提出的混合启发式算法优于文献【13】提出的遗传算法。     

关于西部小城镇建设的思考

小城镇建设是我国城市建设的重点 ,文章分析了中国西部大开发过程中小城镇建设的现实性和可行性。指出西部小城镇形成和发展受其客观条件限制 ,只有尊重西部的客观事实和城市发展规律 ,才能实现西部经济与社会的持续、快速、协调发展。