Current Practices in Residential Treatment for Adolescent Sex Offenders: A Survey

SUMMARY

A list of all treatment facilities for adolescent sex offenders that described themselves as inpatient or residential was requested from the Safer Society Foundation in Brandon, Vermont. A total of 203 such facilities were identified in this manner. Each was sent a questionnaire regarding their policies and practices. Of the 50 questionnaires that were returned, 49 were usable. Items on the questionnaire dealt with major phases of operating a residential program, including number of beds, average daily census, number of males and females in treatment, testing and assessment procedures, most frequent diagnoses, average IQ of patients, abuse history, therapeutic approaches used, number and types of individual/group treatment sessions per week, qualifications of therapists, average length of treatment, and follow-up research on treatment.     

Changing Directions in HIV Prevention: The Move Toward a Psychosocial Model

ABSTRACT

Although some HIV prevention programs have been successful in helping gay and bisexual men change their sexual behaviors, rates of HIV infection continue to increase. In an attempt to address this problem, social workers need to move beyond traditional HIV prevention approaches to a psychosocial model of HIV prevention. Based on the work of previous researchers, this approach assumes that a combination of individual, psychological, and social factors contribute to risky sex in gay and bisexual men. Because social workers are trained to view problems from a psychosocial framework, they are already in a position to develop programs incorporating the psychosocial model. This article examines the psychosocial model of HIV prevention and the various psychosocial factors that may contribute to high-risk sexual behavior and concludes with examples of prevention research that have already incorporated the model.     

Mortality following conjugal bereavement,Belgium 1991-96: The unexpected effect of education

This paper examines excess mortality following spousal bereavement by time since bereavement, sex, age, and education. The main hypothesis challenged is that higher education buffers the harmful effects of spousal loss. Using a log-rate model, death-rate ratios (widowed/married) are estimated for 49,849 and 126,746 Belgian widowers and widows and an equal number of non-bereaved controls matched to the bereaved on their socio-demographic characteristics. The hypothesis that the more educated suffer less excess mortality is not supported. Although higher educational levels are associated with lower mortality in general, they do not alleviate the effects of bereavement. On the contrary, in the period immediately following spousal loss, the more highly educated seem to have more, rather than less, excess mortality. Three possible arguments are suggested to account for this: education-related differences in the partner-relationship, structural differences in the availability of appropriate social support, and cultural differences in potential support networks.     

Beliefs About Diet and Health:

Low income older women (N = 20) in South Carolina were recruited from congregate meal sites for qualitative interviews to assess beliefs about general health, physical functioning, and preventive health behaviors. A loosely structured interview guide of topics was used to encourage free expression of informants' ideas. The Ethnograph analysis package was used for data analysis. In response to open-ended questions, the women spontaneously shared their beliefs about diet and health. Implications for health promotion in rural areas are discussed.     

女大学生社会性别自我歧视倾向的形成与教育

以男尊女卑、男主女从、男强女弱为特征的传统社会性别歧视观念,通过日常生活交往、大众传媒、教育环境、家庭生活等渗透渠道,使不少当代女大学生无意识中形成社会性别自我歧视倾向,表现为认同郎才女貌,男强女弱的婚恋观、逃避竞争的择业观,事业观的选择则处于进退两难境地。开设社会性别课可在自我认识、成就动机、竞争意识方面有助于消除女大学生的社会性别自我歧视倾向。这也需要增强对大众媒体的监督干预的配合。     

Sexual Involvement and Social Research in a Fat Civil Rights Organization

Sex between researchers and informants in the field represents a kind of dirty little secret among ethnographers: It frequently occurs but is hardly ever discussed in print. Recently, anthropologists have begun violating that taboo, but sociologists remain silent on the subject. The author argues that this is a mistake, that sexual intimacy raises a number of methodological and ethical issues that demand discussion.     

性别视点的转换与叙事差异的形成--对由女作家原创小说改编的电视剧的解析

叙事本身即是一种视点的选择,它将影响和制约叙事者"说什么"和"怎样说".男女两性叙事性别的不同,导致男女作家创作的小说改编的电视剧的叙事差异.这种差异不仅表现在形式层面和风格层面,而且更多地体现了叙事者的主体立场、道德观念、情感指向和价值判断.     

爱与欲的变奏——当代文学性爱文本的历时性分析

中国当代文学在性爱文本上呈现出三个文本交替出现的历时性发展态势改革开放前的性爱/政治文本,性爱成为"革命"的附丽;新时期思想解放后的性爱/道德(伦理)文本,重"情"而轻"欲",以"情"代"性"20世纪90年代后的性爱/自然文本,开始对两性关系作自然人性的探索.这三个文本的交替出现,是历史和经济发展的必然趋势.     

一个爱情故事的深刻记忆--谈沈从文创作《边城》的心理动因

从性心理学与精神分析的角度,对沈从文生平事迹、《水云》《老伴》等创作谈、散文作品及相关研究资料进行梳理、剖析,就可以发现:《边城》情感机制的形成,是由生活中三个"偶然"(作家所指称的年轻姑娘)引起作家的"性幻想",并引起其"性记忆",从而生成和坠入"乡下女孩子"即线铺女"那种纷乱情感";从而确认这部小说创作的一个隐秘的、深层的心理动因,是关于作家青少年时代爱情生活的一个深刻记忆。     

Why Do They Start It? Explaining Reported Early-Teen Sexual Activity

This paper seeks an account of why young teens initiate consensual sexual activity. It does so by constructing statistical models aimed at distinguishing those who report having initiated sexual activity from those who have not in four samples of eighth graders from an Upstate New York county. Theoretical selection of the model variables is guided by insights from problem syndrome, control and differential association theories. From our findings we conclude the following: (1) Risk behaviors foreseen by the problem syndrome approach, including having used marijuana and having been drunk, are significant, powerful predictors of early-teen sexual activity. (2) The social setting of consensual sexual activity differs by sex at the eighth grade level. For example, having a boyfriend is a more consistent, powerful predictor variable for girls than is having a girlfriend for boys and there is evidence to support the hypothesis that boys initiate sexual activity in the context of status-seeking while girls are more likely to do so as a way of attaining approval. (3) Our findings do not give clear primacy to parents or peers as an influence on early-teen consensual sexual activity. Both control theory, usually associated with parental-influence variables, and differential association theory, usually associated with peer-influence variables, receive support. (4) The results of the research spanning a 2-year period of intensive community antiteen-pregnancy efforts by a Zero Adolescent Pregnancy (ZAP) campaign are consistent with the conclusion that such a multifaceted approach might help lower early-teen initiation of sexual activity.