Gambling,geographical variations and deprivation: findings from the adult psychiatric morbidity survey

Gambling problems are prevalent in the UK, especially in the most deprived boroughs of the country. Individual-level characteristics may exist alongside a social and geographical gradient. The study aimed to establish whether living in specific geographic areas increases problem gambling likelihood. It used data from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. It adopted a twofold categorization distinguishing recreational from problem/pathological gambling. It used the 2004 Overall Index of Multiple Deprivation to measure deprivation of the district of residence, and primary sampling units, based on postcode sectors, to take into account area characteristics in multi-level mixed-effects regression models. The determinants of recreational gambling operated solely at the individual level. These included male sex, stable relationship and employment, though a number of clinical variables were also important: impulsivity, hazardous use or dependency on alcohol, and current smoking. In contrast, an appreciable proportion of the variance in problem/pathological gambling was explained by area-level clustering. Unlike recreational gamblers, problem/pathological gamblers appear to cluster in specific areas. Thus, there are grounds for restricting the location and density of gambling opportunities and for providing selective prevention programmes targeting geographic areas characterized by contextual determinants.     

Portraits of work: mapping emerging coworking dynamics

ABSTRACT

Today’s patterns of work are very much defined by the ‘lean enterprise’ practice, taking form in organizations that are more competitive, customer-driven and agile on the one hand (Womack, J. P., & Jones, D. T. (2007). Lean Solutions. New York: Simon & Schuster), and the separation of work from time and space on the other (Hochschild, A. (1997). The time bind. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books). Concepts like work and workspace are subject to an evolving nature and get a new meaning (Kirsh, D. (2000). A few thoughts on cognitive overload. Intellectia, 1(30), 19–51). This triggered the rise of new working spaces, fuelled by the aftermath of the global economic crisis that transformed the practices and meanings of work. Nevertheless, this applies only to particular sectors. This paper builds on the case of Genk, an important economic pole in the Limburg Region of Belgium. The development in the region has always been related to labour-intensive industrial activities. In light of these working shifts targeting mainly big companies/employers, Genk has turned a blind eye on the local proprietors. What about the small entrepreneurs/community economies addressing mainly the local clientele? What evolution do we see in their working pattern? By using a specific visualization tool, a series of interviews were conducted in order to explore in a playful way, existing social and economic networks. The interviews reveal networks that shape a coworking model. The paper will further present the scale of this ‘coworking’ phenomenon experienced in Genk, perceived to be the ‘new model of coworking’ in the context of the collaborative and sharing economy.     

密穗马先蒿提取物对小鼠血液学指标的影响

观察密穗马先蒿提取物对运动小鼠血液学指标的影响,探讨其对运动引起贫血的保护作用.4周龄昆明种小鼠随机分为对照组、运动组、阳性对照组、密穗马先蒿组.运动组、阳性对照组和密穗马先蒿组进行4周的游泳训练,最后一次力竭游泳后采用心脏取血,肝素抗凝,运用血细胞分析仪测定血液学指标.实验4周后,运动组小鼠RBC、Hb和HCT均低于其他3组,呈显著性差异(P<0.05),但对照组、阳性对照组、密穗马先蒿组之间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);运动组MCV显著大于其他3组,呈显著性差异(P<0.01),其他3组之间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).结果表明密穗马先蒿具有改善大强度训练所引起的小鼠RBC、Hb、HCT、MCV等改变.     

多级模糊综合方法在知识型企业竞争力评价中的应用

经济效益、学习和创新能力、人力资源、可持续能力等四方面给出知识型企业核心竞争力的指标体系。使用“多级模糊综合”方法对知识型企业核心竞争力进行评价,并运用一个实例来说明评价模型应用,从而为知识型企业核心竞争力综合评估提供一套实用性强、易操作的知识型企业核心竞争力综合评价体系及评价模型。     

从民生指标看地方政府的执政理念

围绕着对相关民生评价指标的讨论,就评估地方政府的执政理念和建设民生型政府进行了多方面的探讨,并结合对相关指标、数据的统计分析,在总结概括的基础上,揭示了要确立民生型政府执政理念,就必须通过建立和完善合理有效的社会机制和解决民生具体问题,以及提供相应的制度性保障等来实现。     

江苏省区域城市化水平评价与分析

从广义城市化的内涵出发,构建了融经济、社会发展和人口、环境改善于一体的区域城市化水平评价指标体系。通过因子分析模型及对因子分析结果的辅助聚类分析,评价了2000年江苏省区域城市化水平。研究表明,江苏城市化进程快步推进,各城市发展的区位特点明显,南北城市化发展水平差异较大,苏中、苏北具有后发优势。要进一步提高江苏区域城市化水平,应加强政府对城镇体系的宏观调控,注重发挥中心城市和都市圈(带)在城市化进程中的作用,同时通过政策面上的协调,促进城市化与工业化的同步发展和良性循环。     

安徽省国际旅游服务贸易竞争力评估研究——基于灰色多层次评估模型的视角

通过对安徽省国际旅游服务贸易竞争力指标的测评,运用灰色多层次分析方法对江西、江苏、北京、安徽等九省的竞争力指标进行综合评价,考察目前安徽省国际旅游服务贸易的竞争潜力和竞争实力。安徽省内旅游需求变得日益复杂,相关及辅助产业不断发展,旅游生产要素逐步提升,企业制度的转变为旅游企业带来活力,企业国际竞争力的提高等显示了各因素之间的良性运转和相互作用,使得国际旅游服务贸易具有良好的发展态势。     

我国资源节约型社会进程指数设计

为了对我国资源节约型社会建设进程进行测评,本文在精选指标体系的基础上,设计了一个资源节约型社会进程指数,并利用该指数对2001年至2006年的实际进程进行了测算。该指数以我国2000年的资源利用实际数据为参照,设定2000年指数为1000,以后年度递减。测算结果表明,2006年该指数下降到了772.85。资源利用的减量指标有较大的差距。     

季节比率计算方法统一性的思考

测定季节变动对时间序列的影响 ,一般按同期平均法 (原资料平均法 )和趋势剔除法计算季节比率。本文在简介、评述这两种计算方法的基础上 ,指出这两种方法具有内在的统一性 ,并对现行教科书所表述的这两种方法的差异性作出改进     

人才环境及基于神经网络的陕西经济发展预测模型研究

利用多层前馈神经网络的反传算法(BP算法),在建立陕西人才环境评价指标体系的基础上,采用MATLAB软件建立了人才环境与经济发展关系的神经网络模型,映射出各年人才环境指标与人均GDP指标之间的函数关系,此BP神经网络可以成功地根据陕西人才环境指标对经济发展进行预测。