A comparative study of confidence intervals to assess biosimilarity from analytical data

Assessment of analytical similarity of tier 1 quality attributes is based on a set of hypotheses that tests the mean difference of reference and test products against a margin adjusted for standard deviation of the reference product. Thus, proper assessment of the biosimilarity hypothesis requires statistical tests that account for the uncertainty associated with the estimations of the mean differences and the standard deviation of the reference product. Recently, a linear reformulation of the biosimilarity hypothesis has been proposed, which facilitates development and implementation of statistical tests. These statistical tests account for the uncertainty in the estimation process of all the unknown parameters. In this paper, we survey methods for constructing confidence intervals for testing the linearized reformulation of the biosimilarity hypothesis and also compare the performance of the methods. We discuss test procedures using confidence intervals to make possible comparison among recently developed methods as well as other previously developed methods that have not been applied for demonstrating analytical similarity. A computer simulation study was conducted to compare the performance of the methods based on the ability to maintain the test size and power, as well as computational complexity. We demonstrate the methods using two example applications. At the end, we make recommendations concerning the use of the methods.     

Underlying processes of SCCT: Mediating roles of preventability,blame, and trust

Despite the prevalence of the situational crisis communication theory (SCCT; Coombs, 2007) in crisis communication research, few SCCT-based studies have examined how different crisis types affect post-crisis reputation. This study, therefore, attempts to uncover the underlying processes of SCCT. Specifically, this study examined preventability, blame, and trust as potential mediators of crisis type and organizational post-crisis reputation. A between-subjects experimental study (crisis type: victim vs. accidental vs. preventable) was conducted with 329 college students. The results revealed that crisis type had no direct effects on reputation, but it did affect preventability, blame, and trust. More significantly, the results showed that crisis type indirectly affected reputation in two distinct ways: (1) via a sequence of preventability and blame and (2) via trust. The study includes a discussion of theoretical and practical implications.     

Role of Leaders as Agents of Negotiation for Counterbalancing Cultural Dissonance in the Middle East and North Africa Region

This study provides a unique perspective in the field of cross-cultural management by exploring the relationship between “cultural dissonance”—the gap between cultural values and actual practice—and effective leadership attributes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Incorporating cultural dissonance into implicit leadership theory, the study uses measurements of dissonance on nine cultural dimensions to identify particular leadership preferences in seven MENA countries. The overall findings suggest that societies prefer leaders who counterbalance cultural dissonance by allowing space for negotiations by members of society to reduce disparities between cultural values—“the way things should be”—and actual practices—“the way things are.” The greater the disparity between cultural values and practices, the greater the citizens' desire that leaders act as agents of change by creating space for negotiation.     

两类单叶解析函数族的第3项系数估计

主要研究复平面C中单位圆盘U上的α次的殆β型螺形函数以及α次的β型螺形函数f（z）的第3项系数估计,所得结果推广了已有的一些结果.     

关于Feigenbaum型泛函方程的C^1解

利用Schauder不动点定理、自同胚和紧凸子集的相关性质研究Feigenbaum型泛函方程的连续可微解的存在性和唯一性.     

课堂提问与大学生思辨能力培养

研究采用问卷和访谈形式调查职前英语教师是否有在课堂提问中培养学生思辨能力的意识。调查结果显示:职前教师的提问以理解课文为主要目的;绝大多数问题是不鼓励学生思考的低度认知问题,不利于培养学生的思辨能力。职前教师课堂提问存在着理论与实践的矛盾。他们认为在英语课堂上培养学生思辨能力的最大障碍是考试制度。     

行政诉讼类型界说

行政诉讼类型是依照一定标准对人民法院审理具体行政行为的活动进行归类而形成的诉讼形态。它具有内容的概括性、划分标准的多样性及与诉讼活动联系的密切性三个特征。它与刑事诉讼类型、民事诉讼类型、行政诉讼模式、行政诉讼请求、行政判决有一定的联系与区别，在本质上体现了对行政相对人的权利救济。     

中国传统四合院建筑的发生机制

从原始社会文化遗址发掘的考古资料入手,通过对居住建筑布局演变过程的阐述,揭示出传统四合院建筑格局的发生机制不是封建礼制下的伦理序位,而是抽象化的人体图式;提出如果从人体图式是中国传统四合院建筑发生机制的观点出发,那么可对四合院建筑的形式、布局、称谓以及文化内涵等方面做出比较合理和完整的阐释。     

论晚清小说类型的近现代转型

晚清小说的类型很多,既有中国传统的小说类型,又有引进西方的新类型。文章对其中主要类型如文言小说、白话小说、传奇弹词(小说)、政治小说、侦探小说、科学小说、短篇小说、理想派和写实派小说等作了历史探讨,并从总体上对晚清小说的类型规范性作了简要评论,同时阐释了小说类型产生的意义。     

主题学研究：《佛本生故事》与中韩两国民间故事之关联

《佛本生故事》是佛经中最具文学性的作品之一。它不仅产生古老，而且具有流传的广泛性，其跨国界、跨文化的广泛流传，对中国文学和韩国文学都产生了深远的影响。佛本生故事在中、韩两国传播的过程中，逐渐与本土文化融合，最终成为两国各自文化的一部分。但是，由于时代、环境、文化及民族心理的不同，佛本生故事在中、韩两国流变的过程中，赋予了其不同的民族文化意蕴。