内源式发展·派生式发展·跨越式发展——论马克思语境中的社会发展方式

马克思认为,如果不仅从国家和民族自身去考察,而且从其相互间的交往中去考察,社会发展的主要方式包括:内源式发展,即"过去那种地方的和民族的自给自足和闭关自守状态",主要依赖国家或民族的内部因素的,"完全是自然发生的"社会发展方式;派生式发展,即交往扩大后,"国际关系在这里的影响"的,"第二级的和第三级的","导入的和带去的","派生的、转移来的、非原生的"社会发展方式;跨越式发展,即全球化时代,某一特定民族或国家充分利用现成的物质条件,获得"异常迅速的"、"跳跃性的"社会发展方式。内源式发展、派生式发展和跨越式发展是同一与共生的。     

争创“三型”党组织努力办人民满意的大学——以河南工业大学为例

高校党组织的先进性、纯洁性和办学治校能力,直接影响高等教育事业的兴衰成败.建设学习型、服务型、创新型党组织,是高校内涵发展的必然要求,是大学党组织加强自身建设的必然选择.大学应该坚持以增强办学治校能力、服务经济社会发展、提升党建工作科学化水平为重点,着力打造“三型”党组织,为推动教育事业科学发展,办人民满意的大学作出新的更大贡献.     

共球有限点集的广义欧拉超球面及其性质

应用向量方法,定义了一般n维共球有限点集的广义欧拉超球面概念,并揭示了它的一系列优美性质     

（2＋1）维长短波方程整体吸引子的存在性

研究了无穷维动力系统中（2＋1）维长短波方程整体吸引子的存在性．运用Galekin方法构建了该系统的弱吸引子,并证明了所构建的弱吸引子是强吸引子．     

新型农村社会养老保险制度存在的问题及对策——以延边朝鲜族自治州为例

新型农村社会养老保险作为我国社会保障体系的重要组成部分,是逐步缩小城乡差距、改变城乡二元结构、推进基本公共服务均等化的重要基础性工程,是实现广大农村居民老有所养、促进家庭和谐、增加农民收入的重大惠民政策,也是构建和谐社会的重要组成部分.然而,从2009年9月在全国范围内开展第一批试点以来,延边州虽然取得了成就,但在运行过程中也出现了如适龄参保人员数据调查难,养老保障水平低,激励机制不明确,新农保个人账户资金产权不明晰、基金统筹层次低,立法滞后、宣传不到位等一系列问题,有待改进和完善.     

文化程度对糖尿病患者健康教育需求的影响与分析

目的:了解不同文化程度的糖尿病患者对健康教育需求的差别,并提出改进教育方式提高教育效果的建议.方法:对南京地区5家三甲医院的502例患者进行问卷调查.结果:不同文化层次的患者对注射胰岛素技术和注意事项、药物治疗的效果及不良反应等10项内容需求的差别有统计学意义.其中,药物治疗的效果及不良反应、定期复查的项目和时间,文化程度高者需求较高.不同文化程度的患者,对集体讲座、发放健康资料、个体咨询和订阅报纸杂志需求的差异有统计学意义.其中,健康资料、订报纸杂志,文化程度高者需求较高.结论:健康教育的内容要因人施教;要注重运用现代化手段,如电话和互联网;要结合糖尿病患者的家属进行指导和心理疏导.     

Relationship between vitamin D receptor BsmI and FokI polymorphisms and anthropometric and biochemical parameters describing metabolic syndrome

Introduction.?It was found that vitamin D may have a direct effect on adipocyte differentiation and metabolism and might be involved in the glucose regulation of insulin secretion, as suggested from the discovery of a nuclear localization of 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ in pancreatic islets. In recent years, several polymorphisms in the VDR gene which are able to alter the activity of VDR protein have been described. The BsmI and FokI polymorphisms were described in relation to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

The aim of the study was to find whether there are associations between BsmI and FokI polymorphisms and anthropometric (BMI, WHR, BP) and biochemical parameters describing metabolic syndrome.

Materials and methods.?Studied were 176 randomly selected men aged 25–65 years (mean: 51.99 years) with a mean BMI of 28.06 kg/m². Two polymorphisms of the VDR gene (FokI and BsmI) were explored using the PCR-RFLP method. Serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG were measured using commercially available kits.

Results.?It was found that BB carriers tend to have higher BMI (29.00 ± 3.74 versus 26.81 ± 3.76, p = 0.024) and waist circumference (101.79 ± 10.59 versus 96.23 ± 10.35, p = 0.014) compared with the bb genotypes. Similarly, FF and Ff carriers had higher fasting insulin levels than the ff genotypes (12.30 ± 10.26 versus 9.76 ± 5.88, p = 0.001 and 9.76 ± 5.88 vs. 6.35 ± 2.64, p = 0.008), and lover cHDL levels in comparison to ff genotypes (52.28 ± 10.02 versus 60.63 ± 16.58, p = 0.015 and 53.70 ± 12.03 versus 60.63 ± 16.58, p = 0.032. Besides these, no significant differences were found.

Conclusions.?The BsmI VDR polymorphism seems to influence BMI, while the FokI VDR polymorphism appears to affect insulin sensitivity and serum cHDL level.     

Frailty and the aging male

Frailty occurs in aging males for a variety of reasons. It is less common in males than females. Diseases which are particularly associated with frailty are diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, anemia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Insulin resistance syndrome plays a pathogenetic role in the “fat-frail” syndrome. Sarcopenia occurs predominantly because of hormone deficiency and cytokine excess. Pain and anorexia are also associated with frailty. Stem cell research represents a potential promise for the treatment of frailty.     

陶瓷特色专业建设的探索与实践

从创新人才培养模式、优化人才培养方案与课程体系、改革教学方法和手段、改善实践教学环境、培养双师型教学团队等方面,总结了陶瓷特色专业建设的做法和经验,以期为我国陶瓷专业建设与人才培养提供参考,发挥陶瓷特色专业的示范作用。     

Cognitive change and learning from practice: A longitudinal study of social work students

Anti-racist and black perspectives signalled a significant shift in the discourse on oppression in social work practice and education. However, the contributions of such perspectives have not been recognised and documented fully. This paper presents a review of the contributions of anti-racist and black perspectives to anti-discriminatory practice. It also offers a critique of the limitations of anti-racist ideas and suggests that the way forward is not to reinforce a 'flight' from anti-racism, but to build on the gains of anti-racist ideas and struggles in social work practice towards developing a more integrated understanding of oppression. This paper is written from the perspective of a black man from African background.