高梁──苏丹草杂交种干物质积累分配及光合性能的研究

研究表量，高粱—苏丹草杂交种的单株生物量高，其干物质积累量高于甜高粱杂交种和粒用高粱杂交种．各器官的干物质积累量以分蘖茎为最高．并且增长迅速．主茎和分蘖茎的干物质分配率在生育后期无负值．高粱—苏丹草杂交种获得较高生物量的原因是分蘖性强，致使产生较高的ＬＡＩ和ＣＧＲ．     

Sex differences in the development of mild cognitive impairment and probable Alzheimer’s disease as predicted by hippocampal volume or white matter hyperintensities

This study examined biological sex differences in the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development as predicted by changes in the hippocampus or white matter hyperintensities. A secondary data analysis of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set was conducted. We selected samples of participants with normal cognition at baseline who progressed to MCI (n = 483) and those who progressed to probable AD (n = 211) to determine if hippocampal volume or white matter hyperintensities (WMH) at baseline predicted progression to probable AD or MCI and whether the rate of progression differed between men and women. The survival analyses indicated that changes in hippocampal volumes affected the progression to probable AD (HR = 0.535, 95% CI [0.300–0.953]) only among women. White men had an increased rate of progression to AD (HR = 4.396, CI [1.012–19.08]; HR = 4.665, 95% CI [1.072–20.29]) compared to men in other race and ethnic groups. Among women, increases in hippocampal volume ratio led to decreased rates of progressing to MCI (HR = 0.386, 95% CI [0.166–0.901]). Increased WMH among men led to faster progression to MCI (HR = 1.048. 95% CI [1.011–1.086]). Women and men who were older at baseline were more likely to progress to MCI. In addition, results from longitudinal analyses showed that women with a higher CDR global score, older age at baseline, or more disinhibition symptoms experienced higher odds of MCI development. Changes in hippocampal volumes affect the progression to or odds of probable AD (and MCI) more so among women than men, while changes in WMH affected the progression to MCI only among men.     

论法律行为解释的性质

法律行为解释是将法律行为的意思明确化的活动,是法官发挥主观能动性的活动。确定法律行为解释的性质在司法实践中具有特别重要的意义,它在许多国家直接决定着有关法律行为解释的问题能否上诉、上诉审法院的管辖及上诉审法院的裁判结果。只有在司法过程中才能理解法律行为的性质,法律行为解释发生在法律适用的小前提形成的阶段,而形成小前提的阶段是一个法律适用过程。法律行为的解释在性质上属于法律问题,而不是事实问题。     

从人道主义精神看“安乐死”

本文作者从人道主义精神及儒家的生死价值观的角度,讨论“安乐死”所涉及的伦理问题,首先对“安乐死”的定义、词汇作一陈述,其次讨论“安乐死”牵涉的人道主义问题,最后引用儒家的经典,证明“安乐死”是符合儒家生死价值观的思想。     

《大唐西域记》与唐五代小说的创作

唐代,佛教已进入鼎盛发展阶段,高僧玄奘所著录的《大唐西域记》(以下简称《大唐》)广为流传,其中所记载的异域的奇异故事亦随之传播于民间。而当时小说创作中有大量题材取材于民间,两者的相互渗透是不可避免的。本文从《大唐》中梳理出部分题材,以大量实证材料证明《大唐》对当时"征奇话异"的小说创作产生深层影响。     

Politics: Butler's Corporeal Politics: Matters of Politicized Abjection

This essay examines the work of Judith Butler in relation to corporeality through an analysis of Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of Sex and Butler's notion of politicized abjection. Abjection is considered in relation to bodily materiality and proposed as the most promising path for a revamped corporeal politics. Through a reading of two novels, Katherine Dunn's Geek Love and Barbara Gowdy's Mister Sandman, the essay examines how the abject body can function as politically subversive. Throughout, the essay analyses Butler's placing of the material body in a political domain, and argues that she ultimately endorses materiality as potentially disruptive to the symbolic domain of viable bodies. This recasting of matter within her theory is shown as redefining the body as an active agent rather than a passive receptacle for regulatory norms. The essay examines this under-theorized aspect of her work, and illustrates that politicized abjection is as crucial to her philosophy as the notion of gender as performative.     

办好“第一要务”提高民族素质

文章认为,江总书记所提出的有关“第一要务”的科学论断,是在继承和发展马克思主义生产力理论基础上,考察当今世界的发展趋势并根据中国的实际得出的科学结论,它在“三个代表”的理论体系中占有重要地位,对我们做好民放工作、发展民族教育事业、提高民族素质具有重要指导意义。文章同时指出了在民族工作实际中办好“第一要务”需要加强的五个方面的工作。     

“物质是世界的本原”质疑

“本原”一词源于古希腊哲学关于万物始基的讨论,主要是指构成万物的基本要素、成分。现行哲学教科书提出“物质是世界的本原”,具有明显的逻辑矛盾。物质就其内涵而言是对万物的共同特性的抽象,就其外延来看则是万物的总和。所以,物质是世界的“本质”,而不是世界的“本原”。     

简谈越南汉文赋对中国赋的借鉴与发展

在题材与内容上，越南汉文赋借鉴了中国赋原有的咏物、纪行、抒情等题材及歌颂、讽谏等特点，以及中国各种历史与文化知识。与之同时，越南赋也创出了自己有民族特色的表现方式，体现出历代越南士大夫的思维、思想、志向与感情。     

Estimating the Risks of Smoking, Air Pollution, and Passive Smoke on Acute Respiratory Conditions

Five years of the annual Health Interview Survey, conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics, are used to estimate the effects of air pollution, smoking, and environmental tobacco smoke on respiratory restrictions in activity for adults, and bed disability for children. After adjusting for several socioeconomic factors, the multiple regression estimates indicate that an independent and statistically significant association exists between these three forms of air pollution and respiratory morbidity. The comparative risks of these exposures are computed and the plausibility of the relative risks is examined by comparing the equivalent doses with actual measurements of exposure taken in the homes of smokers. The results indicate that: (1) smokers will have a 55-75% excess in days with respiratory conditions severe enough to cause reductions in normal activity; (2) a 1 microgram increase in fine particulate matter air pollution is associated with a 3% excess in acute respiratory disease; and (3) a pack-a-day smoker will increase respiratory restricted days for a nonsmoking spouse by 20% and increase the number of bed disability days for young children living in the household by 20%. The results also indicate that the estimates of the effects of secondhand smoking on children are improved when the mother's work status is known and incorporated into the exposure estimate.