语类理论及其应用

本文从语类的定义出发,探讨了语类研究的三种发展趋势及语类理论在教学特别是在写作方面的应用,并突出介绍了以语类为基础的 ESP 和 EAP 教学法以及对比修辞领域中语类对比的重要性。     

我国企业多元化投资决策的反思

企业多元化经营战备是当今世界许多大中型企业的一种战备选择。我国的一些大企业近年来也走上了多元化经营的道路 ,但多数都身陷困境或遭受失败 ,主要是由于多元化投资决策失误所致。因此 ,深入探讨多元化投资的理论和战略 ,对我国一些大中型企业来说 ,就显得十分重要。     

基于排队论的业务流程重组绩效分析方法

竞争的激烈化和顾客需求的多样化迫使企业从根本上重新思考企业过程重组。企业过程重组(BPR)的原则之一是横向集成活动。但是横向集成活动究竟有没有提高企业的绩效,这是个值得研究的问题。本文运用排队论的数学模型,研究活动合并对企业流程绩效之一——成本的影响,详细地讨论了活动的成本要素,比较了重组前后成本的变化。     

Quadratic estimation in mixed linear models with two variance components

Explicit expressions for Bayes invariant quadratic estimates, biased and unbiased, are presented and proved to cover the entire class of admissible estimates in the considered classes. An unbalanced genetic model is studied for demonstration.     

薄环形相对论电子注介质切伦可夫脉塞

轴向电子注通过介质慢波系统，当波的相速略低于电子注的速度时就可产生相干的切伦可夫辐射，这一现象是一切行波管的基础。本文利用线性理论，通过自洽求解粒子连续性方程和相对论运动方程与麦克斯韦方程组，分析了薄环形相对论电子注介质切伦可夫脉塞的注波互作用，得到了完全描述其薄环形电子注作用的跳变条件，导出了描述其不稳定性的色散方程和注波互作用的同步条件，并求得了波增长率。     

Food security, consumption diversification and foreign exchange balances in Indonesia: Results from a multi-commodity simulation

Many countries adopt economic development strategies, within which an important element is the maintenance of low and stable food prices. In Indonesia, this is achieved principally through government subsidies to consumers of imported rice, the total cost of which fluctuates considerably from year to year, depending on world price movements and domestic production performance. Higher and possibly less stable domestic food prices appear inevitable in Indonesia, however, as the spectre of reduced oil revenues increases the government's concern with the cost of its food policy. Results from a stochastic simulation model of the agricultural sector show that the food price risk to which consumers and producers would be exposed in the absence of the stabilizing component of Indonesia's food policy would be considerable, rendering this component an unlikely area for significant change. A viable policy option appears to be the continuance of rice and wheat price stabilization, but with a graduated increase in the relative price of rice, reaching a total of 10% by 1985. Such a policy could result in net self-sufficiency in foreign exchange from staple food trade by 1990 and an improvement in aggregate economic surplus, although the expected decade improvement in food-energy consumption per capita would fall from 10% to 8%.     

Have the relative employment prospects for the low-skilled deteriorated after all?

Has the relative unemployment propensity for the low-skilled increased during the 1990s? We address this question empirically, based on two notions of low skills; i) low education, and ii) low ability, conditioned on education and work experience. Ability is identified by previous earnings. Evaluated by the education-based measure, we find that unemployment propensity has not developed unfavourably for the low-skilled. Evaluated by the ability-based measure, it has. We uncover a steady deterioration of employment prospects for persons with low ability relative to others with similar formal qualifications. The adverse employment effects of being low-skilled are stronger the higher is formal education.All correspondence to Knut Røed. The paper is part of the project Sorting, exposed groups and labour market programs financed by the Research Council of Norway. We wish to thank Rolf Aaberge, Paul Gertler, Harald Goldstein, Karl Ove Moene, Jon Strand, Steinar Strøm, Asbjrn Rødseth and an anonymous referee for helpful comments. Responsible editor: John F. Ermisch.     

五四:世界化及其理由

五四新文化运动选择了世界化的文化建设路径。在现代化这一目标制约下,世界化就是西化,西化就是现代化。虽然"全盘西化"作为一个汉语词汇是后来才出现的,但五四时期已经存在这种倾向。《新青年》集团批判"特殊国情论",反对"调和折衷论",目的都在于推进中国的充分世界化。他们之所以主张充分世界化,主要理由是西方文明比中国文明进步,而进步的标准则是更有利于人的生存和发展,更能够保障人的自由、尊严和权利。     

创新型人力资本及其集成决定论--一种对企业绩效差异成因认识的新视角

经济与管理学界对企业绩效差异成因的认识主要可概括为两大流派：企业绩效差异成因外生论和企业绩效差异成因内生论。其中,企业绩效差异成因内生论又可以分为企业绩效差异成因契约论和企业绩效差异成因能力论。作者在对这两大流派进行分析和评述的基础上,论述了企业绩效差异成因契约论和企业绩效差异成因能力论相融合的必要性、可能性与模型构建,得出了创新型人力资本及其集成才是企业绩效差异的最根本原因的结论。     

董仲舒以"独尊儒术"为特征的道德教化思想探析

董仲舒是我国西汉时期著名的政治家、思想家.他在道德教化方面,以"独尊儒术"为基本指导原则,在对人"性"作深入研讨的基础上,提出"性待教而善"的重要观点,主张"任德教而不任刑",强调设"教化堤防",用儒家的"三纲五常"之说教化百姓.与此相一致,他创造性地提出了"显德以示民"等道德教育方法.从总体上看,董仲舒的道德学说既有值得继承的合理因素,亦有需要剔除的封建杂质,应当认真予以清理.