简论拉康对无意识概念的改造

"无意识"是弗洛伊德精神分析理论的核心概念,拉康对这一概念进行了改造。拉康认为,无意识不具有实体性,无意识是他者的话语。主体是空无,"我"不断被他者建构,不断走向异化。     

走出技术理性的生存论困境

在现时代，技术已成为人类社会生活的决定性力量。科学技术的发展在为人类创造巨大物质财富的同时。也把人带入了被技术控制的困境之中。技术理性带来了人的生存危机，带来了人的精神的失落和人性的沉沦。解脱科学技术和技术理性对人的生存意义造成的异化，是本文的主旨。最根本的方向是使技术真正服务于人本身的生存，人在根本上不是手段而是最终的目的。这也是马克思对科技异化实质的批判所要达到的目的。     

异化与矫正：村民自治制度的政治社会学思考

村民自治制度的实施已经取得了诸多成效,但同时也面临一些严峻问题。本文以政治社会学的视角分析了我国村民自治制度运行中出现的异化现象。本文认为,当前主要在乡村关系、“两委”关系、权利主体和权力方面出现了明显的偏差,违背了国家推行村民自治制度的初衷,导致其发展陷入困境。同时,文章对其异化的原因进行了深入探讨,并在此基础上提出了矫正的对策。     

《放大》放大的是什么——安东尼奥尼《放大》的意义审视

国际著名导演安东尼奥尼拍摄的《放大》,是他蜚声国际影坛的代表作之一。自该片问世以来,对其作品的命意众说纷纭。作品表现了导演对战后西方的消费主义、享乐主义流行,带来人的精神的异化、颓唐的思考。即使今天我们来观看这部作品,其所提出的问题,对于我们对人生价值的理解,对生活意义的定位依然有强烈的启示意义。     

The Lingering Debate Over the Parental Alienation Syndrome Phenomenon

ABSTRACT

It's been more than a quarter century since the Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) phenomenon was first observed yet it remains a highly debated concept in the legal and mental health professions. In the years since its inception, judges have relied on PAS to make both short and long-term decisions in custody and visitation cases. Those who support PAS claim that there is scientific evidence to prove its existence, while those who oppose it suggest that it is pseudoscience and should not be relied upon in court to make binding decisions in custody and visitation cases. The critics believe that other factors must be considered in these cases and that PAS is too simple an explanation for complex behaviors seen in parents and children during custody and visitation proceedings. This paper presents both sides of the argument and suggests that the PAS debate lingers on and remains unsettled. It presents the position that there is scientific evidence to support a clinical claim that PAS is observed in some cases, and it presents the argument that not enough rigorous experimentation has been done to prove once and for all that PAS is a diagnosable phenomenon.     

工业文明消费观的伦理学思考

对消费合理性的研究,是对发展合理性研究的重要组成部分。节约型农业文明消费观念与挥霍型工业文明消费观念形成鲜明对比。当今工业文明消费观念崇尚的高物质消费与高品质生活并不成正比。高品质生活由满足健康生存需要的物质消费、积极向上的精神消费和良好的环境消费三方面构成。单纯追求高物质消费不仅不会获得高品质生活,反而会扭曲和破坏构成高品质生活的其他两个方面——精神消费和环境消费,同时也减少了真正属于自己的闲暇时间,使人更无暇享受生活。单纯追求高物质消费,使当今人类面临生存困境,这一严峻现实迫使我们对当今工业文明消费方式——异化消费进行评价与规范。人类物种生命的延续,是消费合理性的最高评价标准。在地球资源有限的前提下,节约型消费是实现人类可持续生存与发展的消费,是合理的消费。     

在马克思主义异化观指导下看文化异化现象

在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中马克思对异化现象以及走出异化的出路做了完整的论述,文化异化是工人和资本家的双重文化异化,从而阻碍了人的自由全面发展。文化异化的出路在于实现共产主义。在马克思主义异化观的指导下看现在文化异化主要表现在大众传媒、网络文化异化和语言、文字文化异化,走出文化异化的出路:积极倡导社会主义精神文明;正确对待外来文化与思想;依法加强对文化事业的管理。     

“物化”的三种批判维度——论卢卡奇的物化理论的批判性

卢卡奇作为西方马克思主义早期代表是以物化理论和物化意识为标识的。卢卡奇的这一理论在继承马克思的学说、开启西方马克思主义新的研究方向上,起到了重要的作用。本文试图将卢卡奇的物化理论置于批判性的角度加以理解,即从经济批判、哲学批判和文化批判三重视角,细致地疏理卢卡奇物化理论的逻辑理路,认真挖掘卢卡其物化理论的思想特旨,深入领会卢卡奇物化理论的批判性思维方式,以期能够走进卢卡奇理论本身。     

异化、物化与文化批判

通过对马克思的异化观以及卢卡奇的物化观的解读,论证了卢卡奇对马克思理论的发展,同时开启了西方马克思主义的两大理论逻辑:一是重新理解马克思主义的实质和方法;二是批判资本主义。为后现代的资本主义文化和社会的批判提供了理论先导。     

Caring for profit: Alienation and work stress in nursing assistants in Canada

Personal care work in proprietary nursing homes was contrasted with similar work in non-profit long-term care facilities. One quarter of Manitoba long-stay beds are operated by proprietary (profit-making) institutions. In both types of home, the nursing assistants were younger women with children; essential wage earners for their families. Wages were low, but nursing assistants said they worked because they liked taking care of elderly people. Nursing home residents have cognitive and mobility impairments and need help with activities of daily living. The proportion of cognitively-impaired residents is higher in profit-making homes, and probably contributed to job pressure and workload, which were taken as markers of potential alienation experienced by these workers.