Gender of the immediate manager and women's wages: The importance of managerial position

One argument for increasing female representation in management is the expectation that female managers will be particularly beneficial for female employees through, e.g., role modeling, mentoring or providing other incentives to enhance female productivity. We explore this issue by analyzing the association between women's wages and the gender of their immediate managers using Swedish matched employee-employer data from 2010. Contrary to the expected positive association, we find that wages are overall 3% lower for female employees with a female instead of male manager. However, dividing the sample by managerial position and controlling for the sorting of employees with respect to, e.g., non-cognitive traits, work tasks, family commitment and establishment gender composition, the negative association is found only for female employees working for lower-level managers, not for women with a manager at the highest rank. One possible explanation could be a difference in decision-making power if lower-level female managers have more limited resources for their subordinates compared to lower-level male managers.     

Little Magazine Interview Index 2003

Abstract

Reports on the 2005 Potomac Technical Processing Librarians Conference, Annapolis, Maryland, and the 25th Annual Charleston Conference in South Carolina.     

第16届世界女子篮球锦标赛中国队失败原因探析

第16届世界女子篮球锦标赛中国队仅列第13名,是近30年参加世锦赛取得的最差成绩.分析本次世锦赛中国女篮的临场表现,发现导致失败的原因很多,如内外线结合差,掩护质量低,体能不足,新老交替断档,教练员临场指挥水平有限,等等.从以上方面深刻剖析中国女子篮球存在的问题,找出其内在根源,以便其在今后的大赛中取得更好的成绩.     

PRODUCT MARKET REGULATION,FIRM SELECTION,AND UNEMPLOYMENT

This paper analyzes the effect of product market regulation (PMR) on unemployment in a search model with heterogeneous multiple‐worker firms. In our setup, PMR modifies the distribution of firm productivities, thereby affecting the equilibrium rate of unemployment. We distinguish between PMR related to entry costs and PMR that generates recurrent fixed costs. We find that: (i) higher entry costs raise the rate of unemployment mainly through our novel selection effect, (ii) higher fixed costs decrease unemployment through the selection effect and increase it through the competition effect analyzed in Blanchard and Giavazzi (2003, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118, 879–907). Firm heterogeneity magnifies the impact of both types of regulatory costs. We propose econometric evidence consistent with the unemployment effects of sunk versus recurring costs.     

FAMILY TIES AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION

We establish an inverse relationship between family ties and political participation, such that the more individuals rely on the family as a provider of services, insurance, and transfer of resources, the lower is one's civic engagement and political participation. We also show that strong family ties appear to be a substitute for generalized trust, rather than a complement to it. These three constructs—civic engagement, political participation, and trust—are part of what is known as social capital; therefore, in this paper, we contribute to the investigation of the origin and evolution of social capital. We establish these results using within‐country evidence and looking at the behavior of immigrants from various countries in 32 different destination places.     

论汉魏六朝文学观念中的“丽”

"丽"是汉魏六朝文学观念中的一个重要范畴,是文学审美特性的重要体现."文章"于原初意义上具有源于"文"、"章"含义的含美特性,文学所追求的"丽"是对"文章"原初意义上含美特性的延扩与发挥,"丽"观念是伴随着文学的自觉而形成并臻于成熟的.汉代辞赋的"铺采扌离文"标志着"文章"观念之趋于明朗(自觉),标志着"丽"观念的初步形成.魏晋曹丕、陆机对文体及其体貌的辨析标志着"丽"观念的深入.南北朝时期,以刘勰及其集大成之作<文心雕龙>为代表,对文学形式美有了全面深刻的探讨,标志着"丽"观念在文学自觉中臻于成熟.     

浓墨重彩先声夺人——"迎接党的十六大"网络新闻专题评析

在"十六大"召开前夕的新闻战中,网络传媒从报纸、广播、电视等传统媒体的战团中脱颖而出,以其自身所具有的链接性和多媒体性在专题领域做足文章。文中所列的几大网站从深度、广度两个层面上开掘已有的新闻资源和素材,最终合成形式优美、内涵丰富的"迎接党的十六大"专题报道。     

提高高校学报质量的几点思考

质量是学报的生命,影响高校学报质量有多种因素,文章主要以提高稿件质量、培养作者队伍、重视审稿、加强编辑自身素质等几个重要方面阐述了提高高校学报质量的重要途径。     

从十六大党章看中国共产党执政意识的强化

党的十六大突出强调要把执政能力建设作为党的建设的重要内容,强化执政意识则是加强党的执政能力建设的前提和基础。比较分析十六大以前和十六大党章,考察十六大党章中修改的、新增的条文和论断,从中可以看出我们党在新世纪、新阶段进一步强化了的执政意识在党章中得到根本的体现和规定。     

论十六大以来党的理论创新

十六大以来党的理论创新成果表现在:提出了树立和落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会、加强党的执政能力建设和先进性建设、建设创新型国家、建设社会主义新农村、树立社会主义荣辱观以及坚持走和平发展道路和建设和谐世界等一系列重大战略思想。深入学习党的最新理论创新成果,努力用党的最新理论创新成果指导实践是全党的一项新任务。