中国货币当局资产负债表结构与货币政策调控方式转变

货币当局资产负债表是分析央行行为与货币政策执行情况的一个重要报表。我国货币当局资产负债表科目随着经济金融结构的演变经历了多次调整,本文梳理了我国货币当局资产负债表结构及其演变过程,重新编制1999-2018年的年度可比货币当局资产负债表,通过解析各科目余额及其结构的动态变化特征,揭示统计数据背后的经济逻辑与政策实践、以及重要资产负债科目间的勾稽关系。研究发现：外汇占款和对其他存款性公司的债权是我国货币当局投放基础货币的主要渠道。过去20年中,两种渠道此消彼长反映出我国基础货币投放方式和货币政策调控方式的两次重要转变与创新。在外汇占款大幅增长时期,货币当局曾通过频繁提高法定存款准备金率和发行央行票据回笼过剩流动性。随着国际收支顺差收窄和国内经济由高速增长向高质量发展转变,公开市场操作和创新型再贷款工具将成为货币当局主动投放基础货币的重要渠道。     

Kairos economies in the post-Soviet transition period of Central Asia

There are times when entire populations of certain countries have had to readjust their lives and economic strategies as all of society is under transition. Post-Soviet Central Asia underwent this period after 1991. During times of transition, there are always people that tend to be able to make use of the new uncertainties, even at the risk of entering legal grey areas. Here new social groups emerge, ethnic origin becomes relevant and new kinship ties are made. These transformation periods are often short and provide limited opportunities for analysing the strategies of those pioneers that I call Kairos economists. They often act only in cooperation with residents of the border and with duty customs and security personnel. This article analyses this special economy with the help of case studies that have been observed during the transformation period from the Soviet to an independent Central Asia.     

Formation of European identity: ethnic minority groups in Central and Eastern Europe in generational perspective

Research into European identity has mostly focused on majority populations in Western European countries, neglecting new member states in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) as well as ethnic minority groups. This paper contributes to filling this gap by exploring and investigating processes of European identity formation of five ethnic minority groups in four CEE countries. A generational perspective was applied by conducting qualitative in-depth interviews with three generations of ethnic minority group members. The results support the instrumental approach of identity construction. In all minority groups researched, the young generation, due to more positive personal experiences and perceived benefits from the European Union, have developed more positive images and perceptions of Europe and a greater sense of European identity than older generations. Furthermore, ethnic group-specific processes of identity formation were found.     

The politics of gender in the UN Security Council resolutions on women,peace and security

Women’s groups have worked diligently to place gender and women’s vulnerability on the transnational security agenda. This article departs from the idea that negotiating and codifying gender and women’s vulnerability in terms of security represent a challenge to mainstream security contexts. By contrasting the UN Security Council resolutions on women, peace and security with feminist theory, this article aims to analyze what is considered to be threatened when women’s vulnerability is negotiated. The article identifies two approaches to the gender/security nexus: gendering security, which involves introducing ideas regarding gender-sensitive policies and equal representation, and securitizing gender, which proceeds by locating rape and sexual violence in the context of war regulations. We demonstrate that, although these measures are encouraged with reference to women’s vulnerability, they serve to legitimize war and the male soldier and both approaches depoliticize gender relations.     

Defending White Scientific Masculinity

While many feminist and postcolonial scholars have analyzed the post-9/11 politic in the United States, few have focused on the anthrax “attacks” that followed the 11 September 2001 World Trade Center disaster. The FBI search for the perpetrator of the 2001 anthrax mailings was an important node in US national security discourse making – it culminated in the fingering of a white male government biodefense scientist and cast doubt on the role of scientific expertise in provisioning national security. This article argues that while “white scientific masculinity” was put into question, it was simultaneously shored up as a nationalist symbol of protection against bioterrorism. This article traces shifts across the three FBI-led profiles of the anthrax perpetrator, along with concomitant news media coverage: the white male “loner” nonscientist, the white male “loner” amateur scientist and finally the white male biodefense scientist. Using a cultural studies approach, this article details how at each successive investigatory stage profilers mobilized hegemonic discourses to re-instantiate the authoritative status of white scientific masculinity in US national security. This analysis offers an important dimension to feminist and postcolonial critiques of the symbolic and institutional investment in white masculinity during the War on Terror.     

二战后中国及各受害国对日索赔失败的原因

二战结束后,根据盟国达成的协议和有关国际法规定,各受害国家向日本展开了索取战争赔偿工作。在整个索赔过程中,由于各个国家之间的争执,更为主要的是美国从自己的全球利益需要出发,改变了其对日索赔问题的态度,致使索赔工作失败。对日索赔工作的失败原因是复杂的,但毋庸置疑,美国态度的改变是最根本的,最主要的。     

人文关怀与构建"和谐河北"的价值取向--关于河北当代人文精神的社会化实践问题

本组专题文章继续从不同角度对河北人文精神进行深入解析.方伟对河北当代人文精神的社会化实践问题进行了探讨,认为,燕赵文化人文精神是悲情情结、英雄意识、兼纳包容、变异情势和保守朴实所集合同构而成的,河北当代人文精神建设需要在对之现代性的梳理与阐释的基础上进行其自身的置换和构建.方伟还认为,在河北经济文化与社会不断发展中的"和谐河北"建设,欲实现这种精神价值理念上的社会化转换,通过物质发展、经济生活本身去间接地感知、传达,当会起到直接地以精神思想和文化活动去宣传、灌输所不能起到的也不可被替代的实际作用.张川平认为,自古以来在河北人文精神的生成、传承过程中,战争起了潜移默化的作用,正是战争的磨炼才使得燕赵人养成了独特的民风民俗和精神气质.黄建生认为,人文精神是文学艺术的灵魂,文学艺术总是充溢着人文精神,因此,作为一种审美的意识形态和人类美好的精神创造,文学艺术在培育新的河北人文精神过程中的作用不可低估.马春香认为,河北人文精神的内涵可以概括为奉献进取、创新发展、诚实守信、质朴务实等四个方面,这一精神在河北努力建设文化大省及和谐社会的过程中将日益显示其作用.     

中原城市群信息化水平研究

信息化正在逐渐成为推动区域经济和社会全面发展的关键因素。对中原城市群信息化建设的现状进行了分析,认为要使中原城市群成为实现中原崛起的龙头,发挥其对河南省经济发展的拉动和辐射作用,需要相关部门在政策、信息基础设施、人才教育和培养等方面加以扶持,将信息化作为制定地区经济发展战略的一个重要因素。     

均势和平论剖析

均势是个理论内涵丰富,实践操作复杂的国际战略,从近代以来它一直为西方政治家、战略家和外交家所推崇,因为他们相信均势能够给“自然状态”下的国际社会带来和平愿景。本文对国际国内学术界关于和平与均势的定义、特征、分类以及均势的功用等方面所取得的研究成果进行梳理,对国际关系理论范式关于均势与和平互动解读的得失作一个客观性评价。     

河南省旅游产业竞争力的培育与提升

河南省是旅游资源大省,但尚不是旅游经济强省.依据M.E.Potter教授提出的产业国际竞争力钻石模型,从旅游业生产要素、旅游市场的需求结构、旅游产业关联、旅游企业再造、政府职能定位、发展机遇等方面对河南省旅游产业进行分析与设计,可以预见:通过采取遴选与包装旅游产业竞争力生产要素、开拓多元化需求市场、强化旅游相关产业的协调发展、不断提升旅游企业的市场竞争力、充分发挥政府的宏观调控作用等措施,将会极大地培育与提升河南省旅游产业的市场竞争力.