“国防一线”的“三线建设”——云南三线建设的历史研究

云南处于援越抗美和对越自卫反击战的国防一线,同时又是我国地缘国防战略的大后方。既是“一线”又是“三线”的特殊地缘政治环境,赋予了云南三线建设独特的面貌和经验。在1964年至1980年的云南三线建设历程中,经历了两个建设高潮。文章试图真实再现各个阶段的规划部署、实施过程,分析出现的问题,以弥补相关研究的不足。这场特殊的“备战经济”建设,为保卫边疆安全、巩固国防发挥了应有的作用,同时也为云南的经济社会发展做出了重大的贡献。     

中亚东干族文化传统及近年中亚地区汉语教学的发展

中亚东干族是中国陕甘回民的后裔,是因战争迁徙而聚居于哈、吉、乌三国的华人群体。本文考察中亚东干族的形成,分析其突出的文化表征,阐述东干文化对中国汉文化的继承,介绍国内对东干留学生的汉语教学与中亚地区汉语教学的现状及发展前景。     

战争视阈下的公共养老金制度

战争会对公共养老金制度产生重大影响。第一,战争会影响社会养老需求和供给;第二,随着战争的发展,人们的养老观念也会发生变化;第三,军人是在战争中发展起来的职业,战争会影响军人职业的养老。第二次世界大战期间,英国的公共养老金制度因为战争的影响而做出了重要调整。基于此,在设计公共养老金制度时,应该考虑到战争因素。     

A variable-neighbourhood search algorithm for finding optimal run orders in the presence of serial correlation

The responses obtained from response surface designs that are run sequentially often exhibit serial correlation or time trends. The order in which the runs of the design are performed then has an impact on the precision of the parameter estimators. This article proposes the use of a variable-neighbourhood search algorithm to compute run orders that guarantee a precise estimation of the effects of the experimental factors. The importance of using good run orders is demonstrated by seeking D-optimal run orders for a central composite design in the presence of an AR(1) autocorrelation pattern.     

On distribution-weighted partial least squares with diverging number of highly correlated predictors

Summary.  Because highly correlated data arise from many scientific fields, we investigate parameter estimation in a semiparametric regression model with diverging number of predictors that are highly correlated. For this, we first develop a distribution-weighted least squares estimator that can recover directions in the central subspace, then use the distribution-weighted least squares estimator as a seed vector and project it onto a Krylov space by partial least squares to avoid computing the inverse of the covariance of predictors. Thus, distrbution-weighted partial least squares can handle the cases with high dimensional and highly correlated predictors. Furthermore, we also suggest an iterative algorithm for obtaining a better initial value before implementing partial least squares. For theoretical investigation, we obtain strong consistency and asymptotic normality when the dimension p of predictors is of convergence rate O { n ^1/2/ log ( n )} and o ( n ^1/3) respectively where n is the sample size. When there are no other constraints on the covariance of predictors, the rates n ^1/2 and n ^1/3 are optimal. We also propose a Bayesian information criterion type of criterion to estimate the dimension of the Krylov space in the partial least squares procedure. Illustrative examples with a real data set and comprehensive simulations demonstrate that the method is robust to non-ellipticity and works well even in 'small n –large p ' problems.     

12世纪前中央亚细亚草原的鞑靼人及其国家

波斯史学家拉施特丁的《史集》为研究蒙古人统治之前中央亚细亚草原上鞑靼人的历史提供了重要信息。拉施特丁认为,蒙古人统治之前中央亚细亚草原地区的居民以突厥部落为主,其组织"结构"为6个鞑靼人国家。本文以鄂尔浑和叶尼塞河流域突厥如尼文碑铭记载为依据,参照汉文史籍、敦煌和波斯手稿等的记载,探讨了9—12世纪在甘肃和新疆的广阔地域内活动的鞑靼人及其政权、9世纪上额尔齐斯河流域基马克人及其部落联盟的形成与鞑靼人之间的关系。     

The specter of failure: rendering Afghan women as sites of precarity in empowerment regimes

This article analyzes how the category of “Afghan women” and discourses of precarity intersect within the women’s empowerment regime in Afghanistan. By examining an NGO that seeks to empower women through writing, I argue that staff members draw upon precarity as a go-to logic to describe the state of Afghan women writers’ successes under conditions of insecurity and limited communication. Specifically, it is writers’ desires to subvert their social orders and to carve out their own futures that staff members and writing coordinators frame as subject to potential destruction. While recent work has highlighted the importance of recognizing the precarious lifeworlds of vulnerable populations, this article points to the potential implications of a hyper-recognition of precarity – namely, the obscuring of the complexities of individual women’s past and present realities. Through analyzing the pedagogies of one empowerment NGO working with women in a post-9/11 Afghanistan, I show how the logic of precarity is concerned with the vulnerability of women’s desires and sentiments, rather than their material and political vulnerabilities. It is thus deeply inflected by a historically situated “common sense” about which potentialities and aspirations are inherent to Afghan women.     

Performance anxiety: women’s sexed bodies in Pakistan

The nexus of Islam, gender, race and violence has been keenly revisited in some post-9/11 scholarship. The concern over the racialized Muslim male body is justifiable in cases of rendition, torture and the kind of battlefields that mark the War on Terror. However, the sympathetic analysis of the tortured Muslim male body as a permanent and universally vulnerable imaginary has necessarily challenged the framing of sexual politics for Muslim contexts. This bid to shield the vulnerable Muslim male body from Islamophobia and imperialist violence forecloses the notion that Islamist patriarchy and politics can themselves be fundamentally violent in the post-9/11 moment and within the Muslim community. This obscures the range of routine, domestic and normative violent expressions observed by men in Muslim societies. This essay discusses two cases that illustrate the means and methods by which female bodies have been sexed by the narrative of the War on Terror in Pakistan. These cases highlight how the academic efforts that seek to rescue the racialized Muslim male body complicate the struggle of resisting (lay) female bodies.     

中部六省省会城市土地集约利用评价及时空比较研究

利用文献资料法、AHP法、综合评价法、理论分析与实证分析相结合对中部六省省会城市2001年和2007年土地集约度进行评价,通过时空比较分析提出相关建议。研究结果表明：中央提出中部崛起战略后,中部六省省会城市土地集约利用水平有明显提高,但地区水平差异慢慢拉大。建议中部城市在土地集约利用过程中应积极发挥＂后进优势＂,尽量避免＂先进劣势＂。     

中亚与我国西北边疆地区同源跨国民族问题

本文认为,当今世界跨国民族问题引发的各种矛盾与冲突,往往受主体民族与母族文化的影响;对于跨国民族的发展需要始终关注两方面的问题:其一,是否促进所在国与客位国经济发展、社会稳定和民族团结;其二,是否影响所在国和客位国经济发展、社会稳定和民族团结。中亚与我国西北边疆同源跨国民族形成的原因是历史的变迁。当前,中亚与我国西北边疆跨国民族问题中一个突出的问题就是民族主义的泛滥,成为影响主位国和客位国社会稳定乃至边疆安全的一个现实问题。