皇家亚洲文会北中国支会述论

皇家亚洲文会北中国支会是近代外侨在上海建立的一个重要文化机构 ,95年里 ,它对中国的自然和社会进行了广泛调查与深入研究 ,以其独有的模式在中西文化交流过程中做出了突出贡献。     

Bias Correction in the Dynamic Panel Data Model with a Nonscalar Disturbance Covariance Matrix

Approximation formulae are developed for the bias of ordinary and generalized Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) estimators in dynamic panel data models. Results from Kiviet [Kiviet, J. F. (1995), on bias, inconsistency, and efficiency of various estimators in dynamic panel data models, J. Econometrics68:53-78; Kiviet, J. F. (1999), Expectations of expansions for estimators in a dynamic panel data model: some results for weakly exogenous regressors, In: Hsiao, C., Lahiri, K., Lee, L-F., Pesaran, M. H., eds., Analysis of Panels and Limited Dependent Variables, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 199-225] are extended to higher-order dynamic panel data models with general covariance structure. The focus is on estimation of both short- and long-run coefficients. The results show that proper modelling of the disturbance covariance structure is indispensable. The bias approximations are used to construct bias corrected estimators which are then applied to quarterly data from 14 European Union countries. Money demand functions for M1, M2 and M3 are estimated for the EU area as a whole for the period 1991: I-1995: IV. Significant spillovers between countries are found reflecting the dependence of domestic money demand on foreign developments. The empirical results show that in general plausible long-run effects are obtained by the bias corrected estimators. Moreover, finite sample bias, although of moderate magnitude, is present underlining the importance of more refined estimation techniques. Also the efficiency gains by exploiting the heteroscedasticity and cross-correlation patterns between countries are sometimes considerable.     

Weakly implementable social choice rules

Previous investigations have shown that a social choice function which is partially implementable must be characterized by pervasive veto power. This paper investigates how much additional latitude in the design of social choice functions, and how much relief from this vetoers result, can be achieved by examining multi-valued social choice rules and relaxing the requirement of partial implementability to a requirement that we call weak partial implementability. We find that the power structures which characterize partially implementable social choice functions, including the veto properties, also characterize weakly partially implementable social choice rules. The conclusion is that invoking multi-valuedness and implementation of appealing social choice rules in strong Nash equilibria. Our results apparently exhaust the possibilities for implementation in strong Nash equilibrium. If any implementation possibility results are to be achieved, they can apparently come only by weakening the equilibrium requirement.     

中国企业家精神特质及其建构条件分析

现代企业家精神的核心内涵是进取精神、创新精神、契约精神、诚信精神、敬业精神、奉献精神和民族精神。中国传统文化中不乏建构企业家精神的优秀因子,我们却迟迟未能将这种文化精华转化为中华民族的企业家精神。这里既有历史上轻商、抑商等局部文化的束缚,也有制度缺陷的制约。审视国内当代企业家的生存环境,必须立足于优秀传统文化的源泉,孕育出崭新时代的企业家伦理:修身、兴企、报国、富天下。要在制度和文化层面上为中华民族企业家精神的弘扬营造厚实的土壤。     

中国始炼硫化汞时间新证

中国始炼硫化汞的时间问题,因其关涉到“人类第一次用自己的劳动得到了实质上与天然产物无二的成果”,而引起科技史家的极大关注,但因缺乏确凿资料,以至该问题一直悬而未决。事实上,此前学界认为道士升炼硫化汞的时间大略始于隋代的观点是值得商榷的。仅以《道藏》所载炼丹文献为例,即可粗举数例隋代以前与升炼硫化汞相关的资料。进一步的考证说明,中国古代道士早在南北朝或晋代甚至汉代,就已经能够用人工的方法升炼硫化汞了。     

秦汉时西南地区外来移民的迁徙特点及在边疆开发中的作用

秦汉数百年间,西南地区步入自身发展史上的重要阶段,通过各种途径进入西南地区的外来移民具有鲜明的迁徙特点,他们在促使当地人口增长、支持郡县设置、引进先进技术、传播封建文化、推动边疆开发和疆域形成以及稳定当地局势等历史进程中发挥了重大作用。     

亡国情势·箕子情结·挚友情谊——金泽荣申请加入中国国籍缘由考析

金泽荣流亡中国期间于1912年申请加入了中国国籍。考析此举缘由在于:韩国1910年的亡国情势将金泽荣逼入无国籍可隶的困境;金泽荣内心的箕子情结因1912年中华民国建立而外化;与张謇的挚友情谊使中国的形象鲜活生动,箕子情结得以激发。金泽荣此举是他在面临中、韩两国特殊时期、特殊情势下的一种特殊行为,它见证了两国源远流长的友好关系在近代的延续与发展,同时见证了一位韩国知识分子以文章报国的独特的人生轨迹。     

从"小康"到"和谐社会"--兼论中国共产党执政理念的创新

邓小平提出的“小康”是改革开放后中国最为宏伟的社会发展战略目标,已得到初步实现。在此基础上,奋发有为的新一届中央领导集体又提出了“和谐社会”的发展目标。这一发展过程,是与时俱进的中国共产党的正确选择,是中国社会现实发展的必然要求,是我党对中国传统文化中优质资源的创造性运用,体现了党执政理念的创新,具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史影响。     

东亚分离主义（下篇）——台湾分离主义运动

通过对台湾分离主义运动即"台独"的起源、发展演变、产生与膨胀的背景原因的分析,指出台湾分离主义运动无论在岛内还是国际社会都属于非主流,是不稳定因素,不仅危害台海和平与中国安全,也对地区与世界和平构成威胁.