怎样的制造企业更愿涉足服务业务?———“服务化困境”问题的生产率匹配探析

本文关注于制造业企业服务化过程中的产业效率因素,设计了差异化产品模型。在需求层面,公司所提供的产品和服务之间具有互补性;而在供应方面,企业在产品生产和服务之间在专业知识分配上存在竞争。理论模型提供了对制造企业服务化与全要素生产率之间的计量评估。本文利用我国上市制造业版块中的企业数据,通过使用具有异质性的Fractional Probit 模型控制内生性并进行实证检验,理论模型推导和经验估计指出,企业全要素生产率与服务化之间存在“U”型关系,针对四个行业部门的检验也证实服务化和企业全要素生产率之间的非线性关系。在不同地区的企业之间,“U”型关系也存在差异。企业所处行业环境、所在区域以及所提供产品和服务的内在特征对于“服务化困境”的表现都存在差异性的影响。     

云南省南华县彝族松茸山林权安排和 利益分配机制

采用参与式乡村评估的方法,通过对云南省南华县4个自然彝族村寨的案例调查,展示了在传统和现代交织中彝族村民自发的松茸山确权过程,分析了乡土利益分配机制的合理性,得出"权不是赋的,而是争的".认为在集体林权改革过程中,需要注意集体林权改革的复杂性和森林的多功能性,理解林权以当地人可触及的方式存在于人们生活中,需要赋予当地社区群众争取权利的空间和制度平台.     

企业一套表与可扩展商业报告语言的比较研究

本文主要研究国家统计局正在试点推行的“企业一套表”与财政部主导推广的可扩展商业报告语言之间的异同点,通过对比研究发现两者在规范数据格式、优化数据加工流程、实现数据共享、推动信息化建设上具有很多相似之处,同时又具有各自的特点。此外,文章还分析了两者在我国工作实践中推广速度差异较大的原因。最后,提出了两者相互融合,共同促进的工作思路和建议。     

企业人力资本管理研究

在知识经济时代,企业之间的竞争更多地表现为企业所拥有的人力资本间的竞争。那么,企业怎样才能有效地管理好内部的人力资本呢?本文运用新制度经济学的研究工具,首先从人力资本专用程度、人力资本信息分布状况和人力资本管理的成本与收益三个方面提出了分析框架。然后,按转移成本和对企业依赖程度的不同,把人力资本分为通用性人力资本、专用性人力资本和准专用性人力资本三类,并对每一类人力资本的管理进行了研究。     

EXTERNAL AIDS FOR SOCIAL MEMORY

Collective or social memories are not just a way for accumulating and preserving but also for sharing and developing knowledge. Indeed, as knowledge is made explicit and elaborated by a community, it enriches the local culture and the current practices, becoming a basis for communication and learning. This paper addresses the concept of 'social memory' in a specific 'community of practice': teachers and students of primary schools. The work is developed within HIPS1 (Hyper Interaction within Physical Space), a three-year (1997-2000) research project funded by the European Commission within the I 3 (I-Cube) Programme. HIPS is a hand-held location-aware tourist guide that delivers information related to the surrounding space mainly reacting to the physical movements of visitors (Benelli et al . 1999). The guide is designed to minimize the boundary between the physical space and the related information through a number of situated and contextual-aware interaction mechanisms. In the paper we present a specific application of HIPS as tool to support the creation of a social memory. First, we illustrate the theoretical framework, the cultural psychology (Vygotsky 1978), which we adopted to design the tool as an external aid for social memory. Afterwards we describe the user study and the design process that resulted in the development of an early prototype. The conclusions are a reflection about the use of new technology to open new learning opportunities for students.     

对我国企业集团筹资模式的思考

企业集团的筹资模式直接影响到企业集团筹资的效果.基于对企业集团筹资的特点、影响企业集团筹资模式选择的因素的分析,在现实条件下我国企业集团筹资可选择以外部的间接融资为主、内部融资和直接融资为辅的模式.     

作为一种集体表象和过渡仪式的鲁南春节秧歌

作为一种往昔所沉淀的集体表象,鲁南春节秧歌深刻表征了民间社会的和谐观念,呈现为一种集体欢腾。作为一种集体过渡仪式,它反映了民间社会对现实状况转换的一种周期性渴望。作为一种艺术样式,它的和谐美学价值观来自大传统的模塑和自主性的互动。鲁南秧歌在整个社会结构与秩序中扮演了重要角色。     

Social Policy from Olson to Ostrom: A Case Study of Dutch Disability Insurance

Social policy development and reform in corporatist welfare states often follows a pattern of subsequent collectivization and de‐collectivization. This has to do, the article argues, with the social problems these phases address. Early social policy development forms a response to Olson‐type collective action problems that organized actors (labour and employers' organizations) in the field experience: state‐obliged benefits solve free rider problems, while bipartite administration allows labour and employers' organizations to organize their constituencies. This solution to Olson‐type collective action problems, however, also constitutes an Ostrom‐type collective action problem. Such a system functions as a common pool resource. Individual benefit take‐up is experienced as free and the costs of benefit take‐up are collectivized in the common pool. The article illustrates this pattern with reference to Dutch disability insurance.     

论社会企业的合法性

社会企业的组织形态与现行法律体系格格不入,产品受到公众质疑,定位受限于一线城市,导致在法规合法性、道德合法性与认知合法性等方面面临难题,并进而影响社会企业的经济效益与社会效益。鉴于此,唯有通过主动地适应或选择、改变或创造环境才能化解这一难题。     

SOCIAL MOVEMENT NETWORKS VIRTUAL AND REAL

This paper discusses the impact of 'computer mediated communication' (or CMC) on political activism and social movements. CMC may be expected to affect collective action by improving the effectiveness of communication and facilitating collective identity and solidarity. However, the heterogeneity of social movements undermines generic arguments and their relationship to CMC. Accordingly, the potential consequences of CMC on three different types of political organizations are discussed: organizations mobilizing mainly participatory resources, organizations focusing on professional resources, and transnational networks. The potential to build 'virtual [social movement] communities' seems highest among sympathizers of movement organizations who act professionally on behalf of causes with vast resonance among the public opinion and low radical potential. All in all, the most distinctive contribution of CMC to social movements still seems to be instrumental rather than symbolic. Existing bonds and solidarities are likely to generate more effective mobilization attempts than was the case before the diffusion of CMC; it is more disputable though as to whether CMC may create brand new social ties where there were none.