有关成长的记忆痛史——评苏童《河岸》和陈家桥《少年王》

自从20世纪50年代以来公共性的集体生活便开始干预我们的个体记忆,而有关传统生活话语的记忆并未隐退,三者一直存在着一种复杂纠缠关系。《河岸》与《少年王》都是不久前文坛关于“文革”历史或者后“文革”历史书写的新作,两部作品都突破了先前文坛的“文革”叙事范式,更侧重于对历史掩映下的个体记忆、传统记忆以及集体记忆三者之间的关...     

炼丹术与《本草经集注》中的矿物知识

《本草经集注》是陶弘景融摄医、道编撰而成的。陶弘景以中医本草学为基础,大量吸收道教服食方术尤其是金丹黄白术的药物知识,为丰富本草学矿物知识作出了重要贡献,并开创了医家本草与道经知识相结合的本草著作编撰模式,对后世本草学产生重要影响。     

文化信仰与商帮治理:明清时期晋商、徽商比较制度分析

历史比较制度分析与新制度经济学理论能够较好地解释经济现象的历史演变规律。我国明清时期以晋商和徽商为代表的商帮模式,集中体现了中国式商业文化的特征。分析这两种商帮模式的不同,可以帮助我们有效了解文化信仰对商帮治理的不同影响,进而对当前企业治理模式的构建提供参考。     

溯源与整合——荣格与弗洛伊德无意识学说比较

荣格集体无意识概念的提出和弗洛伊德的无意识理论有着最直接的关系。但是,集体无意识学说又不同于无意识理论,它是对弗洛伊德的无意识理论的继承和超越。     

The effects of scope condition-based participant exclusion on experimental outcomes in expectation states research: A meta-analysis

Expectation states theory employs several scope statements to specify the situational conditions that must be met for any test of the theory to be considered valid (Foschi, 1997). Collective orientation and task orientation are two scope conditions that researchers frequently implement as selection criteria for a participant’s inclusion in an analytic sample. Although excluding participants who fail to meet scope conditions is theoretically consistent, researchers have yet to establish how this practice affects experimental outcomes. I employ meta-analysis to compare studies within the expectation states tradition in which participants are excluded for failure to meet scope conditions to studies in which no similar exclusions are made. Results suggest that studies that exclude participants for scope violations demonstrate a decreased baseline tendency to reject influence. I contend that adopting a more universal approach to the measurement and application of scope conditions would be methodologically and theoretically beneficial to expectation states research.     

Implications of urbanism for the use of local news media: effects of population concentration on types of news acquisition in Japan

The Internet, a global computer network enabling people to send and receive information anywhere in the world, also functions as a local medium of communication. This study focuses on the role of the Internet in transmitting local news and examines the effects of community population concentrations as socio-ecological environments on the use of local news media consumed online and offline. Data from 1367 respondents across 156 Japanese communities were used to analyze the relationships between type of community and type of news source. The findings suggest that people who live in highly populated communities tend more often to use the Internet to access local news, whereas those in less populated communities tend to use more traditional mass media. However, the results of this study did not show a relationship between population concentrations within communities and the acquisition of international news, nor did the social features of residents adequately explain the effects of population concentration on the acquisition of local news. These results are consistent with theoretical predictions based on network externalities, urbanism, and collective action. The findings indicate that local news consumption is embedded in local social contexts in a way that international news is not, reinforcing the importance of urbanism in the information age.     

Psychological antecedents and motivational models of collective action: examining the role of perceived effectiveness in political protest participation

The present study examines Hong Kong citizens’ willingness to participate in the Occupy Central/Umbrella Movement. A representative adult survey (N = 816) was conducted before the Occupy Central protest in 2014. Regression analyses showed that the core psychological antecedents of political identity (psychological attachment to pro-democracy parties and Occupy activists), political efficacy (perceived effectiveness of individual and movement agency), ideology (dissatisfaction with the pace of democratization), and emotion (anger with the political environment) were significant predictors of likely participation. Measures of perceived effectiveness of the Occupy movement to achieve successful outcomes (i.e. its ability to influence public opinion, strengthen the pro-democracy cause in Hong Kong, and facilitate opinion expression) explained additional variance even after controlling for demographics and the core antecedents. An integrated motivational model of collective action was then tested using structural equation modeling. Findings are consistent with the extant literature. Moral convictions (democracy as a fundamental human value) served as an antecedent of identity, efficacy, ideology, and anger, while identity exhibited direct and indirect effects on participation through efficacy, ideology and anger. The model also pointed to a role for perceived effectiveness, supporting the idea that individuals are motivated by other potential outcomes of a protest beyond achieving its primary objective.     

合法化资源与中国工人的行动主义——1957年上海“工潮”再研究

本文引入资源动员理论与政治过程理论,重新考察了1957年上海“工潮”中参与者、资源、动员网络和国家制度环境之间的互动关系。笔者认为,20世纪50年代的中国工人逐渐形成了影响其后的行动主义传统,这种传统突出表现在行动者对外部合法化资源（来自国家意识形态、权威领导人的言论、官方舆论倾向等）的依赖和获取之上,并与精英、认同和网络一起构成其行动主义动员机制中的诸多要素。     

Collective‐unconscious apologetics of plutocracy and oligarchy: Chicago economics' ideological preferences revealed by the sociology of knowledge

The article places and analyzes the Chicago school of economics within the framework of Mannheim's sociology of knowledge or ideas that posits and documents social determinants of ideas and ideologies. This framework reveals the Chicago school as the explicit or implicit ideology and utopia of plutocracy, oligarchy and aristocracy in the sense of apologetics of these social classes and/or systems, thus being the class form of ‘apologetic economics’. Specifically, first, Chicago economics reveals itself as the collective‐unconscious apologetics of plutocracy, oligarchy and aristocracy. Second, it appears as the ‘collective‐conscious’ apologetics in this respect. In addition, it come close to the mostly covert collective‐unconscious or conscious apologetics of theocracy and fascism. The article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the social, in particular class, factors of Chicago and related schools of economics and generally of economic ideas, theories and policies by applying Mannheim's sociology of knowledge, especially its emphasis on the collective unconscious as the source of ideology.