Multilevel modelling of refusal and non-contact in household surveys: evidence from six UK Government surveys

Summary.  We analyse household unit non-response in six major UK Government surveys by using a multilevel multinomial modelling approach. The models are guided by current conceptual frameworks and theories of survey participation. One key feature of the analysis is the investigation of the extent to which effects of household characteristics are survey specific. The analysis is based on the 2001 UK Census Link Study, which is a unique source of data containing an unusually rich set of auxiliary variables. The study contains the response outcome of six surveys, linked to census data and interviewer observations for both respondents and non-respondents.     

对网络交际的思考

网络交际现今已经成为很多人生活的一部分,通过网络空间人们交流更加便捷,更加丰富。网络交际对我们的现实社会文化和人际交流有着深刻的影响和冲击。网络交际弱化了文化因素对交际主体角色的制约和影响;网络交际的开放性使不同文化的人更容易交流和相互认同,弱化了本土文化对人际交往的影响;网络交际形成的特殊文化,引起了文化的碰撞和交融;网络交际的不真实性加剧了人与人的信任危机;网络交际信息与真实信息的差异,及网络上对他人隐私的侵害给日常生活交际带来了不利的影响。     

Social media processes in disasters: Implications of emergent technology use

This article seeks to extend social science scholarship on social media technology use during disruptive events. Though social media's role in times of crisis has been previously studied, much of this work tends to focus on first-responders and relief organizations. However, social media use during disasters tends to be decentralized and this organizational structure can promote different types of messages to top-down information systems. Using 142,786 geo-tagged tweets collected before and after Hurricane Sandy's US landfall as a case study, this article seeks to explore shifts in social media behavior during disruptive events and highlights that though Sandy disrupted routine life within Twitter, users responded to the disaster by employing humor, sharing photos, and checking into locations. We conclude that social media use during disruptive events is complex and understanding these nuanced behaviors is important across the social sciences.     

‘My dad hangs out of helicopter doors and takes pictures of oil platforms': Children's accounts of parental work in the oil and gas industry

Against the backdrop of the acceleration in pace of work and family life over the last decade, and the accompanying intensification of the work-family debate, this paper argues for the need to include children as stakeholders in the work-family debate. The ethnographic study on which this paper is based brings together children, family, work and community to explore interrelationships between workplace change, parental employment and family life in the oil and gas industry in Scotland. This paper focuses specifically on children's accounts of parental work and the work-family interface. Children, aged 8-12, were seen in schools and at home. Eight focus groups were conducted in two primary schools with 33 children. Nineteen of the families of these children participated in follow-up home interviews, in which 21 focus group children and a further 21 children (siblings, cousins and friends) were seen at home. Multiple methods were used: pictures and photographs of 'work', drawings, a poem, vignettes, word games, and a 'life mode technique'. The paper discusses children's concepts of 'work'; children's knowledge of parental work and the oil industry; children's perceptions of the impact of work on their parents; children's accounts of the effects of parental work on them and the importance of 'family time'; children's own work aspirations; and children's views and values about involvement, communication and decision making regarding parental work. Similarities and differences between children's accounts are highlighted. Sobre el telón de fondo del aumento de paso del trabajo y de la vida familiar en esta última década, y la intensificación del debate 'trabajo/familia' que lo acompaña, este artículo aboga por lo necesidad de incluir a los niños como partes interesadas en tal debate. El estudio etnográfico sobre el cual se basa este artiículo reune a los niños, la familia, el trabajo y la comunidad para explorar las interrelaciones entre el cambio de lugar del trabajo, el empleo de los padres y la vida familiar en la industria petrolera y del gas natural en Escocia. Este artículo se centra específicamente en las cuentas de unos niños del trabajo de los padres y de la interrelación entre el trabajo y la familia. Se entrevistaron a unos niños de 8—12 anos de edad en la escuela y en casa. Se realizaron ocho grupos de enfoque con 33 niños en dos escuelas de estudios primarios. De las familias de estos niños, 19 participaron en entrevistas de seguimiento, en las cuales 21 niños de los grupos de enfoque y 21 niños más (hermanos, primos y amigos,) fueron entrevistados en casa. Se emplearon múltiples métodos: ilustraciones y fotografías de ‘trabajo', dibujos, un poema, estampas, juegos con palabras y una ‘técnica modo de vida'. El artículo trata de los conceptos de los niños del trabajo; los conocimientos de los niños del trabajo de los padres y de la industria petrolera; las percepciones de los niños del efecto del trabajo en sus padres; las cuentas de los niños de los efectos del trabajo de los padres en los mismos niños y de la importancia del ‘tiempo para la familia'; las propias aspiraciones del los niños acerca del trabajo; y los puntos de vista y los valores de los niños sobre la participación, la comunicación y la toma de decisiones acerca del trabajo de los padres. Se ponen del relieve los elementos en común y las diferencias entre las cuentas de los niños.     

论我国古代少数民族政权改革的特征

我国古代少数民族政权改革的特征是：学习汉族的先进化、重用汉族知识分子、迁都而治、改革获得成功，这些改革在中华民族化建设方面都起了伟大作用。     

Ethics of research design

Discussions of ethical issues in research involving human subjects most usually provoke concerns about valid informed consent procedures. However, considering the recognized limitations of informed consent, arguably the way a study is designed is a more consequential concern for subject well‐being. This paper summarizes ethical issues in the design of clinical research, with reference to historic and current guidelines. Special attention is given to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and psychiatric research.     

历史交往主体:属性、构成和地位

历史交往是一个历史哲学概念。历史交往主体是历史交往系统中最基本、最核心的第一要素 ,本文就历史交往主体的属性、构成和地位 ,作了初步剖析 ,以就教于学界同仁。     

超越思辨的社会理想——马克思的伦理思想探析

马克思的实践哲学是在对亚里士多德实践哲学批判继承的基础上进行的理论重建。其特点是将政治抱负和伦理理想二者有机地统一起来，即在政治革命中实现其社会理想，在追求社会理想中指引现实的社会革命。西方传统哲学在本质上就是用思想把握世界，马克思则通过对劳动概念的解读实现了哲学观的变革，并进而超越了西方传统哲学。在此种变革中，劳动概念亦成为理解马克思伦理思想的关键。     

中体西用思想与维新运动

中体西用思想是一种流变发展的文化观念，在近代中国社会的新陈代谢中得到不断地充实发展。在维新活动中，中体西用思想是维新人士宣传维新理论、拉拢中间势力、反击顽固势力和推动变法深入的理论基础。变法的最终失败并非中体西用理论的失败，而是中国传统局限与历史偶然因素相互作用的结果。     

方玉润著目考略

方玉润是清代著名诗经学家,其《诗经原始》一书对后世诗经研究影响极大,但学界对其生平思想及著述情况的系统研究一直付之阙如。详细考辨方氏生平著述,对廓清其生平及学术思想具有重要价值。