中国新文学现代性历程的发展方向——读《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》

《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》(以下简称《讲话》)的问世,是中国新文学现代性发展历史进程中的一种必然,它解决了新文学诞生以来长期困扰文坛的作家自身的立场态度、情感体验、美感情趣与其表现对象和服务对象之间的矛盾,它导致解放区的文学面貌发生了翻天覆地的历史变化,由此而产生的权威话语和创作模式对此后的中国现当代文学产生了无法回避的重大影响。同时,对《讲话》的研究,也是关乎中国新文学现代性发展历程、发展规律的探索,它兼容诸多的矛盾、张力、悖论乃至魅力。     

日常生活叙事与当代上海文学

日常生活叙事在上海现代文学中有其独特性。建国后,上海作为资产阶级思想的集聚地,处于被改造的境地,日常生活由此被纳入社会整体目标下,失去了独特性。80年代中后期,上海文学中的日常生活在回归中发展,展露出积极向上的生存理念。进入90年代,上海文学中的日常生活呈现出多种姿态。本文对上海当代文学中的日常生活的发展流变作一总体的描述,并力图揭示其中所蕴含的精神嬗变。     

《文学》月刊的“儿童文学特辑”

20世纪30年代是中国儿童文学兴盛的时代,这一时期许多著名的作家都参与儿童文学的创作与研究。《文学》月刊作为30年代的一个著名文学刊物,对儿童文学的发展起了巨大的促进作用。《文学》月刊的"儿童文学特辑"体现了30年代儿童文学的特点和发展方向。     

城市化与产业发展的匹配机制研究--基于比较优势的理论视角

城市化与产业发展是相互促进、互为因果螺旋上升的关系,城市是产业发展的载体,城市化的推进引致巨大的消费需求和投资需求,而产业是城市化的动力和支撑。城市化进程可以看成是资源、基础设施、制度和环境等一系列要素禀赋的动态变化,并在此基础上形成比较优势,吸引特定产业的投资和促进产业演进,在一个静态时点上,城市化与产业发展处于一般均衡状态,二者之间存在一种相互匹配关系。因此,在我国新型城镇化建设中要树立大、中、小不同规模城市协同发展的理念,在分析城市要素动态变化基础上,实施科学有效的产业政策。     

The Risk Perception Paradox—Implications for Governance and Communication of Natural Hazards

This article reviews the main insights from selected literature on risk perception, particularly in connection with natural hazards. It includes numerous case studies on perception and social behavior dealing with floods, droughts, earthquakes, volcano eruptions, wild fires, and landslides. The review reveals that personal experience of a natural hazard and trust—or lack of trust—in authorities and experts have the most substantial impact on risk perception. Cultural and individual factors such as media coverage, age, gender, education, income, social status, and others do not play such an important role but act as mediators or amplifiers of the main causal connections between experience, trust, perception, and preparedness to take protective actions. When analyzing the factors of experience and trust on risk perception and on the likeliness of individuals to take preparedness action, the review found that a risk perception paradox exists in that it is assumed that high risk perception will lead to personal preparedness and, in the next step, to risk mitigation behavior. However, this is not necessarily true. In fact, the opposite can occur if individuals with high risk perception still choose not to personally prepare themselves in the face of a natural hazard. Therefore, based on the results of the review, this article offers three explanations suggesting why this paradox might occur. These findings have implications for future risk governance and communication as well as for the willingness of individuals to invest in risk preparedness or risk mitigation actions.     

Income inequality and participation: A comparison of 24 European countries

Previous research suggests that when there is a high level of inequality, there is a low rate of participation. Two arguments are generally offered: First, inequality depresses participation because people from different status groups have fewer opportunities to share common goals. Second, people may participate more in civic and social life when they have more resources. However, until now, these explanations have not been separated empirically. Using EU-SILC data for 24 European countries, we analyze how income inequality is related to civic and social participation. Our results indicate that the main effects of inequality manifest via resources at the individual and societal level. However, independent of these resources, higher inequality is associated with lower civic participation. Furthermore, inequality magnifies the relationship between income and participation. This finding is in line with the view that inter-individual processes explain why inequality diminishes participation.     

Trade, education, and innovation: Prospects for the U.S. economy

This paper examines international trade issues as vital indicators of the economic prospects of the United States and other developed economies. In particular, it challenges misuses of the doctrine of mutual gains from trade and instead argues that comparative advantage does not guarantee increases in benefits to both trading partners—especially when one partner seeks to distort the market mechanism in its favor. In the face of such mercantilist or protectionist practices, efforts to advance innovation, without retaining manufacturing jobs, will not ensure continued prosperity, as the number of jobs entailed in the invention process is small compared with the number of jobs associated with manufacturing an innovative product for mass consumption. These matters call for the urgent rethinking of trade policy by the United States and other developed nations, if they are to balance their imports and exports and ensure continued economic growth.     

试论文学鉴赏在高职学生教学中的运用

本文论述了在高职学生中开设文学鉴赏课程的意义、目的、作用以及如何在教学过程中实施文学鉴赏课程的教学。     

唐加勒克与俄罗斯文学

由于生活的地域、特定的文化语境以及相似的文化心理等因素，唐加勒克的诗歌创作与俄罗斯文学有深厚的渊源。唐加勒克积极吸收俄罗斯文化中有益于自身文学发展的因素，在“为人生”文学观念的指导下，关注哈萨克民族的前途，草原文化传统深刻地影响着他的价值观念、审美意识和认知方式。     

论魏剑美杂文的犀利与深邃

在当下的文坛湘军中，魏剑美是一位很有实力的作家。他的长篇官场小说《步步为局》、《步步为局2：副市长》自出版后，迅速在全国热销。尤其是他的杂文具有鲁迅风骨，不仅文笔犀利，视角独到，而且思想深邃，逻辑缜密，给人以极大的阅读兴趣与审美愉悦。