公民文化建设的价值尺度

公民文化建设或称公民政治文化建设与公民道德建设在一些方面虽有重合 ,但无论在本质、内容还是目标上 ,二者都有很大差别。为了避免因强调公民道德建设而模糊和忽略公民文化建设这种情况的发生 ,以宪法为基本根据 ,提出并论述公民文化建设的一些规范和准则 ,对于公民社会建设 ,无疑具有现实操作意义。     

集体所有、村委管理与村民的行政诉讼原告资格——兼论“村”的公法人地位

村民是否有资格对村委会的集体财产处分行为提起诉讼,是当下我国村民自治实践中急待解决的法律问题。在实证法没有明文规定的背景下,法院都把集体财产处分纠纷作为民事案件处理,但对村民的原告资格问题却给出了两种相互矛盾的回答。而且,不管法院是肯定还是否定村民的原告资格,都分别隐含了把集体财产等同于村民共有财产,或者把"村"定性为私法人的理论错误,充分暴露了村民原告资格在民事诉讼制度框架下的解释困境。实际上,对依据法律和政府行为设立并承担大量公共管理职能的"村",我们只有把它定性为大陆法国家行政法上的公法人才是准确的。一旦恢复"村"的公法人面貌和地位,把村委会处分集体财产纠纷纳入行政诉讼,集体财产的均等分配性特征使村民个人和集体财产之间构成"法律上利害关系",每个村民对集体财产处分行为就都具有行政诉讼原告资格。     

作为宪法未列举权利的学术自由——美国最高法院的判例与法理

学术自由是否是一个法律概念、一项法定权利,历来是一个问题.在美国法上,学术自由作为大学和教师管理核心学术事务的权利,是一项由最高法院创制的宪法未列举权利.美国早期的学术自由依附于契约权利,体现了一种大学内部政策,即大学管理者在规章制度范围内通过签订契约而赋予教师的自由权.在“学术自由第一案”——Sweezy案——中,最高法院援引宪法第一修正案规定的言论自由权,将学术自由提升为一项值得宪法保护的价值,并指出其基本内涵是自主决定“谁来教、教什么、怎么教、谁被教”;在Keyishian判决中,法院迸一步明确学术自由是“第一修正案的特殊关注”,将其纳入了宪法权利话语体系之中.至Grutter判决,最高法院肯定了在高等教育领域,学术自由是一项独立的、未列举的宪法权利,并可先于其他宪法权利受到保护.相应地,对大学学术性事务的决定,法院必须在宪法规定的范围内给予尊重;尊重的程度,取决于决定是由什么样的主体做出的、需多大程度的学术技能、意识形态中立与否以及是否危害到了别的权利.     

论新时期高校党委对统战工作的领导

切实加强高校党委对统战工作的领导,是新形势下高校统战工作任务顺利完成的根本保证,也是新时期新任务赋予高校党委的重要职责。高等教育的改革发展使高校统战工作对象增多、范围扩大、任务繁重,构建社会主义和谐社会、建设和谐校园对高校统战工作提出了新的要求。高校统战工作是高校党的工作的重要组成部分,在当前和今后一个时期,高校党委要做好提高认识、明确职责、建立健全统战工作机构、加强统战干部队伍建设、为顺利开展统战工作创造良好的环境和条件、建立健全统战工作运行的长效机制等主要工作。     

Supervisors’ Perception of Vicarious Trauma and Growth in Australian Refugee Trauma Counsellors

ABSTRACT

Vicarious trauma is a well-accepted phenomenon supported by more than 20 years of research, yet the body of research on the positive impact, known as vicarious post-traumatic growth, is relatively small. Based on a metasynthesis of qualitative peer-reviewed vicarious trauma studies, Cohen and Collens propose a model of the co-occurrence of vicarious trauma and vicarious post-traumatic growth. This model was examined through a qualitative study involving 11 interviews with supervisors of refugee trauma counsellors working in Forum of Australian Services for Survivors of Torture and Trauma (FASSTT) member agencies. This research project both reviewed the model from the perspective of experienced supervisors and illuminated what occurred within the supervision process to manage vicarious trauma and encourage vicarious post-traumatic growth. While the research project affirmed aspects of the model, the failure of the model to consider socio-political factors limited its applicability to FASSTT agencies.

IMPLICATIONS

• FASSTT clinical supervisors engage in supervision in a manner that may assist counsellors to process how their clients’ trauma disclosures impact on their levels of stress and change their perception of self, their role, and their worldview.

• Including recognition of the influence of the socio-political context of refugee trauma and trauma recovery may be an important additional component of supervision practice.

     

人大街道工作委员会的实践与思考

近几年来,地方人大工作取得了许多新的进展,其中区县人大常委会街道工作委员会的蓬勃发展是地方人大工作的一项成功探索,人大街工委的设立具有普遍的理论意义、重要的制度价值和明显的实践作用,但是人大街工委在发展中仍然存在一些影响其发展和职能发挥的问题,建议在立法上明确其性质、地位、职责、组成等,以便引导其健康发展,推进我国的社会主义民主法制建设.     

碳信息披露的价值效应：环境监管的调节作用

本文通过构建多层线性模型分析了地区层次的环境监管因素对企业层次的上市公司碳信息披露价值效应的影响。研究发现,在碳信息披露与企业价值的U型关系中,环境监管具有调节作用,良好的环境监管有助于增强企业碳信息披露与企业价值的正向关系。且本文进一步研究发现,相比非国有企业,良好的环境监管对国有企业更能增强企业碳信息披露与企业价值的正向关系。同一环境监管水平下,国有企业比非国有企业更有利于偏向企业碳信息披露与企业价值的正向关系。本研究丰富了环境监管和碳信息披露的经济后果领域的文献,并为企业在不同环境监管水平下,充分提升碳信息披露水平与提高企业价值,以及为政府的相关环境监管建设,促进低碳经济发展提供启示。     

社会工作实习联合督导浅析

社会工作实习联合督导是由社工院系与与专业机构或社区共同为学生提供集中实习训练和实习的督导制度,在美国已经相当成熟。在不同实习阶段的专业督导过程中,院系和机构的督导有不同的角色定位与工作内容,笔者对此进行了总结。     

Street Violence against Women in India: Mapping Prevention Strategies

Street violence against women (SVAW) in India is highly under researched. This article aims to understand the contextual factors responsible for the occurrence of SVAW in five cities of North‐east India: Agartala, Kohima, Imphal, Shillong, and Guwahati. The aftermath of an horrific gang rape and the subsequent death of a 23‐year‐old woman in a moving bus in New Delhi in December 2012 served as a wake‐up call for the Government of India (GOI), augmenting the need to understand the issues of SVAW. On December 23, 2012, the GOI constituted the Justice Verma Committee (JVC) who prepared a 630‐page report, submitted to the Prime Minister of India, which identified “failure of governance” as the central cause of SVAW. Based on some of the recommendations of the JVC report, the GOI passed the Criminal Law Amendment Bill, 2013. Drawing upon semi‐structured interviews from qualitative research in combination with a questionnaire survey, this research aims to understand the factors that allow SVAW to persist. Using recommendations of the JVC report and the Justice Usha Mehra Commission, the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 2013 , as well as research findings, this article is an attempt to inform prevention strategies aimed at escalating the safety of women in public spaces of the study region.     

The surprisingly weak evidence base for supervision: Findings from a systematic review of research in child welfare practice (2000–2012)

Objective

The objective of this study is to ascertain what is known about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of supervision in child welfare in relation to outcomes for consumers/service users, staff and organizations.

Method

This is a systematic review of the English language literature (2000–2012). Scoping study is followed by database searches of indexes and abstracts including Campbell Collaboration, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Medline, PsycInfo and Social Work Abstracts, journal hosts (EBSCO and IngentaConnect) plus specialist journals. Inclusion criteria: studies that reported on the associations between the provision of supervision and outcomes for service users/consumers, workers and organizations as well as intervention studies. Potentially relevant studies were independently screened by two reviewers (Stage 1) and if meeting the eligibility criteria proceed to full text review and data extraction (Stage 2). Studies were subject to critical appraisal by three reviewers using the Weight of Evidence approach (Stage 3). An analysis of included study characteristics is followed by a narrative synthesis of findings structured to answer the research objective.

Results

690 unique studies were identified at Stage 1, 35 proceeded to Stage 2 and, following quality appraisal, 21 were included in the review. Almost all of the studies were cross-sectional, providing evidence of associations between the provision of supervision and a variety of outcomes for workers, including job satisfaction, self-efficacy and stress and for organizations, including workload management, case analysis and retention. There was only one, poorly reported, intervention study and no studies of outcomes for consumers. No economic evaluations were found.

Conclusions

The evidence base for the effectiveness of supervision in child welfare is surprisingly weak. An agenda for research based on a framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions is proposed.