Asking for trouble with pure accommodation: Paracrises as rhetorical situations

Through the application of rhetorical analysis, this essay examines three cases that exemplify a specific type of paracrisis - faux pas - with the purpose of entertaining consideration of paracrisis as a rhetorical situation. This analysis explicitly concerns the rise of an “expectation gap” that leads to a paracrisis of an organization’s own doing. Using three cases as illustrations, this paper looks at how an organization alters one rhetorical situation through a choice of rhetorical strategies, ranging from pure advocacy to pure accommodation, only to generate a new rhetorical situation that requires a reconsideration of Burke’s scene-purpose pentadic ratio to inform conflict positioning.     

A class of log-linear models with constrained marginal distributions

Summary In the log-linear model for bivariate probability functions the conditional and joint probabilities have a simple form. This property make the log-linear parametrization useful when modeling these probabilities is the focus of the investigation. On the contrary, in the log-linear representation of bivariate probability functions, the marginal probabilities have a complex form. So the log-linear models are not useful when the marginal probabilities are of particular interest. In this paper the previous statements are discussed and a model obtained from the log-linear one by imposing suitable constraints on the marginal probabilities is introduced. This work was supported by a M.U.R.S.T. grant.     

Small area estimates for cross-classifications

Summary.  We develop a class of log-linear structural models that is suited to estimation of small area cross-classified counts based on survey data. This allows us to account for various associ- ation structures within the data and includes as a special case the restricted log-linear model underlying structure preserving estimation. The effect of survey design can be incorporated into estimation through the specification of an unbiased direct estimator and its associated covariance structure. We illustrate our approach by applying it to estimation of small area labour force characteristics in Norway.     

Navigating challenging contexts: Costs and benefits of codified acquisition experience

Despite its intuitive appeal, acquisition experience has not shown a clear benefit to acquirers, and we argue the applicability of acquisition experience depends on goals and context. Using survey data, we consider the effects of applying codified experience for two common acquisition goals involving knowledge transfer and market expansion. Our findings reveal a ‘double-edged sword’ effect, where on one hand, codification mitigates negative effects of industry rivalry on knowledge transfer. However, on the other hand, codification amplifies negative effects of industry rivalry on market expansion and internal turmoil on knowledge transfer. Beyond demonstrating the importance of goals and context contingencies for determining acquisition experience effect, our results reconcile conflicting research findings to identify when codified experience is beneficial in acquisitions.     

基于权变理论的海洋灾害应急管理研究

海洋经济的蓬勃发展历来与海洋灾害的频繁发生紧密联系在一起,随着国家海洋强国战略的提出,对海洋灾害应急管理的研究也日显必要。本文以管理学中的权变理论为理论基础,分析了海洋灾害应急管理中的各种要素,构建了海洋灾害应急管理的权变模型,进而辩晰了权变理论视角下海洋灾害应急管理中需要注意的问题。     

Likelihood Ratio Test Against Stochastic Order in Three Way Contingency Tables

Trend tests in dose-response have been central problems in medicine. The likelihood ratio test is often used to test hypotheses involving a stochastic order. Stratified contingency tables are common in practice. The distribution theory of likelihood ratio test has not been full developed for stratified tables and more than two stochastically ordered distributions. Under c strata of m × r tables, for testing the conditional independence against simple stochastic order alternative, this article introduces a model-free test method and gives the asymptotic distribution of the test statistic, which is a chi-bar-squared distribution. A real data set concerning an ordered stratified table will be used to show the validity of this test method.     

Test of a model of organizational contributors to product development team effectiveness

This study tests a model of product development team effectiveness which was developed by Susman and Dean [Susman, G.I., Dean, J.W., 1992. Development of a model for predicting design for manufacturability effectiveness. In: Susman, G.I. (Ed.), Integrating Design and Manufacturing for Competitive Advantage. Oxford Univ. Press, New York, pp. 207–227.]. The model addresses two interrelated managerial issues. One concerns the use of integrative mechanisms to counterbalance the potentially negative effects of function-based differentiation, directly or indirectly through group process. The other concerns group process vs. codification/computerization as alternative means to process information as risk increases. This study addresses the first issue by testing the effect of a subset of integrative mechanisms on project outcomes, i.e., project focus, and the role of group process as partial mediator of this relationship. The second issue is addressed by testing for risk as positive moderator of the relationship between group process and project outcomes and as negative moderator of the relationship between codification/computerization and project outcomes. The results suggest that project focus is directly related to project outcomes, but group process does not mediate this relationship. Codification/computerization is not related to project outcomes. Risk does not positively moderate the group process–project outcomes relationship, but does negatively moderate the codification/computerization–project outcomes relationship.     

概率抽样条件下样本代表性事后评估方法探讨

 样本代表性直接牵扯到统计数据质量和统计公布引起的民众反响,目前社会上不乏对政府统计数据的质疑之声,最终影响到政府统计机关的公信力,因此有必要重新审视现行样本代表性的研究。目前相关文献普遍强调不同抽样方式下的样本代表性的相对性内涵,确保样本的代表性仅从抽样方法和样本量两个维度入手,缺乏对既定抽样方法下样本代表性的事后评估体系的探索,以及多样本之间样本代表性优劣的比较方法研究。鉴于此,本文在结合人口普查数据基础上尝试从样本-总体整体分布和内部属性结构两个方面构建样本代表性事后评估的一整套指标和假设检验,进而找到一种多样本代表性比较的依据。最后对浦东新区2010年城镇居民收入调查样本进行了代表性检验的尝试。     

A note on current methods of partitioning the contigency x2 statistic

Comparisons are made between the two values of the chisquare statistic in three dimensional contigency tables as defined respectively by the ‘multiplicative’ an ‘additive’ models of zero second order interaction. It is shown that in practice the two definitions frequently give comparable values for the statistics, and it is concluded that interaction measures, and paritioning of the overall association chisuare, are more useful than the considerable writing on the models' deficiencies would seem to indicate. There seems to be a slight bias in favour of the multiplicative model.