知识论语境主义对怀疑主义难题的解答

怀疑主义难题是怀疑主义最基本的论证形式,知识论语境主义是当代西方知识论中占支配地位的反怀疑主义理论。知识的归因具有语境敏感性,受归因对象和归因主体的影响。进行知识归因必须遵循语境补全原则和最佳知识论语境原则,运用知识论语境主义可以对怀疑主义难题作出新的解答。     

Farmers’ adaptability to the policy of ecological protection in China—A case study in Yanchi County,China

Due to long-term human activities, grassland ecosystems have been severely damaged. To protect grassland ecosystems, the prohibited grazing policy (PGP), a grassland ecological protection policy, was instituted for Chinese grasslands in 2002. However, it is unknown whether farmers have effectively adapted to the PGP. The adaptability of farmers to this policy has directly influenced the effective implementation of the policy and the sustainable development of the ecosystem. Previous research on adaptability has not focused on the adaptation to political change. This article uses a case study in Northwest China to investigate the adaptability of farmers to the policy. First, we study the restoration status of ecosystems. In addition, this paper studies the perceptions regarding farmers’ adaptability to the policy and explores the adaptation strategies of different types of farmers. Finally, this paper discusses the main factors that influence farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies. The implementation of the PGP has achieved remarkable ecological benefits. Farmers of different types had different adaptation perceptions, and their choices of adaptation strategies also varied. In addition to the farmers’ perception of the policy, the main factors that influenced farmers’ adaptation strategies also included livelihood capital.     

“前”字所反映的汉民族的时间认知

汉语中存在大量的"前"字所组成的时间词。这些时间词反映出汉民族的时间是空间的认知,表现出汉语空间—时间隐喻的直线性模式。这其中又存在两套时间是空间的隐喻系统——"时间移动"隐喻系统和"自我移动"隐喻系统,依据两个系统绝大部分时间词的语义已"脱离语境化",但少数时间词的语义并没有完全固化,需要认知语境的参与,进行认知推理,才能获取其意义。     

Marriage and Socioeconomic Change in Contemporary Indonesia

This study investigates the relationship between economic trends and entry into marriage in a rapidly developing setting. We examine Indonesian marriage in the 1990s, a decade of substantial economic growth followed by a sudden financial collapse in 1998. We use discrete‐time hazard models to analyze information on 4,078 women and 4,496 men from the Indonesia Family Life Survey. Although previous research has shown that marriages may be postponed after economic downturn, we find no evidence of such delays at the national level following the 1998 financial crisis. In contrast, we use regional wage rate data to show that entry into marriage is inversely related to economic growth throughout the decade for all women and for men from lower socioeconomic strata.     

Hook‐Ups and Train Wrecks: Contextual Parameters and the Coordination of Jazz Interactions

This article discusses the importance of several parameters of context integral to jazz musicians' ability to hear musical signs as meaningful, such as performers' individual backgrounds and the various other styles of music available in the aural landscape, and how those parameters influence what the musicians play. Several examples from an ongoing ethnography of jazz jam sessions suggest that context is constituted by several variables, that different variables may become salient at different times, and that different interactants vary in their ability to attend to these variables. This study thus extends and elaborates frame analysis by showing that, while an interaction frame of the sort described by Goffman (1974) may perdure, it is subject to change, and the nature of the context it provides for interactions can change whenever a new interaction is initiated.     

对英语同义关系教学问题的思考

在英语教学中，同义关系是一个常见而复杂的语言现象。除了基本概念外，同义词还表现出相对性和非固定性以及在语境作用下的灵活性等特征。教师在重视同义词辨析的同时，应从语境的、较为广义的观点来把握单词、短语以至从句之间的同义关系，这对于提高学生阅读课文、掌握作者思路是有帮助的。     

金融对我省县域经济发展的影响——贵州省黎平县的实例分析

在现代的经济增长理论中,货币资金是经济增长很重要的因素之一。伴随我国经济的高速发展,县域经济特别是不发达地区的县域经济的发展相对缓慢。根据相关的调研与考察,全国县域区域凸显一个共同的现象,即县域区域的金融发展与其经济发展呈现不相匹配的现象,这正是县域经济发展滞后的主要原因之一,本文的调研对象——黎平县,在黔东南地区来说,其金融环境相对较好,所以调研结果显示其经济发展势头比其它县域经济发展势头较好,这充分说明了县域经济要发展,改善其金融环境是有关键。     

论何其芳现代格律诗的出发点

何其芳的"现代格律诗"提法,有两个纠缠在一起的出发点:其一它是一种很强的意识形态行为,承担了新政权在文化领域中的规训要求;其二它是一种被召唤的诗人个体行为。梳理清楚"现代格律诗"的出发点,会发现一个综合的何其芳。     

全球化语境下汉英翻译的异化取向

在当前日益迅速的全球化与文化融合的背景下,翻译工作者应本着尊重和保存各民族文化精神的原则,积极推动文化多样性与多元性发展。汉英翻译必须具有明确的目的性和对策性,在翻译策略上采取异化取向,这既是尊重和弘扬中华文化的有效手段,也是全球化语境下对汉英翻译的基本要求。     

历史语境下行政法特质的解读

公共行政关系的演进使得行政法随之发生嬗变：传统视阈下，谈不上行政法治。到了近代，行政法从限权到控权，从一种消极的、形式上的法治到一种积极的、机动的法治。现代视阈下，行政法与公共行政的关系被不断地调适，突出表现为行政主体多元化、行政合同和行政救济的运用。现代中国的发展同样需要有自己的行政法体系，从行政权、行政行为这两个基本的行政法范畴入手，探讨和谐社会语境下行政法的特质，可利于不断完善行政法体系，使之成为构建社会主义和谐社会的推动力量。