Pseudo-likelihood inference for clustered binary data

The maximum likelihood procedure to estimate paraneters of a model has scveral attractive properties including the existence of the covariance matrix which yield asymptotic covariances: for a sample size N the asymptotics are in general of order 1/N. Here we give an asymptotic for the skewness of the distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator of a parameter; this is of order 1/ n2 and this expression is new. Applications relate to the parameters of (i) the Poisson, binomial, and normal density. (ii) the gamna density and (iii) the Beta debsity. Other application are being considered. The expression for the asymptotic skowness at one phase of the study tured out to be unusually complicated involving the asymptotic expressions for variance and bias. When these were identified a much simpler compact expression appeared which we now describe. The work is a much improved treatment of the subject described in Shenton and Bowman (Mariunm likelihood estimation in small samples, Griffin. 1977).     

心理学研究中“文化”概念辨析

随着心理学的发展,文化逐渐成为心理学研究中的一个重要的概念,并对心理学研究产生了重要的影响,从被研究设计排除的背景变量,再到作为一种实体,处于研究的边缘,最后到作为一种研究的视角。作为心理学研究中的一个重要的概念,有必要对其在心理学研究中的地位与意义加以梳理。     

“网络聊天”公共生活空间的二重逃逸

网络聊天已逐渐内化为现代都市人一种常态的生活方式,这是基于网络科技迅速发展而产生的,它是一种依赖文字、语音和多媒体技术等相融合的互联网空间叙事,这种叙事既是来源于传统聊天又超越传统聊天,既是对它的重构也是对现实生活以及公共生活空间的二重性逃逸,其结果一是人的感性身体经验的缺失即自我异化,二是人的自我中心非理性的内在膨胀。