Working on Treatment Teams: Educating Social Work Students to Function as Addiction Specialists within Interdisciplinary Groups

Social workers specializing in the addictions field invariably work with multiple disciplines. Any intervention must be organized in consideration of various fields of practice such as mental health, criminal justice, child welfare, and health care. As part of their education, social workers become adept at understanding the influence of factors associated with physical, mental, and social functioning. Thus, they learn to appreciate the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. However, once students become practitioners, they are often left on their own to solidify their specific role as addiction specialists among several other professionals. Working as a member of an interdisciplinary team can be taught in the classroom. The authors apply Bronstein’s model for team collaboration to build a method for teaching interdisciplinary work specific to the role of the addiction specialist. Within the interdisciplinary team model, students take on the various team roles and decide the importance of these roles in a substance use case study. They are taught how to assess, diagnose, identify appropriate evidence-based methods, build client objectives and goals, solidify concrete action plans, and evaluate effectiveness. As these methods have yet to be researched in the classroom, the authors offer recommendations for evaluation and future research.     

促进注意缺损多动障碍儿童提高学习效能的教育策略

国内外对注意缺损多动障碍 (ADHD)的研究日趋重视。本文介绍了这方面的研究状况及ADHD儿童的学习困难问题 ,同时讨论了改善和促进其学习效能的教育指导原理与干预策略     

Psychosocial Treatment of Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Abstract

Objective:To review and describe empirical outcome studies on the psychosocial treatment of children and adolescents meeting the criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD).Method:To locate these treatment outcome studies, an extensive review of the literature using the PsycINFO database was conducted. Results:Psychosocial treatments designed solely for youth meeting the criteria for ODD are rare. Rather, it seems that most of the intervention studies have involved youth with Conduct Disorder as well as ODD, even though these two disorders have distinct differences. Selected psychosocial interventions, including anger control and stress inoculation training, assertiveness training, multisystemic therapy, and rational emotive therapy, have produced favorable outcomes in the studies conducted and published to date. Conclusions:Social workers serving ODD youth should seek training in these provisionally supported evidence-based practices. Given the scarcity of treatments designed solely for ODD with adolescents, there is a need for more outcome studies on this specific population, and for more studies of social work practice involving such youth.     

Distinguishing traumatic, vicarious and routine operational stressor exposure and attendant adverse consequences in a sample of police officers

Problems in studying occupational stress within the police service are identified and the paucity of work on operational duties as potential stressors are discussed. The present study reports the results of a factor analysis of operational stressors (N = 601 serving British police officers) that revealed three factors: exposure to death and disaster; violence and injury; sexual crime. These were demonstrated to be reliable scales and were included in logistic regression models together with a range of demographic and psychological variables. Models were applied to men and women separately, which showed there to be different predictors of the likelihood of suffering distress (measured by the General Health Questionnaire, GHQ) in terms of the officer's gender and operational role. Overall the model for women officers was better at predicting psychological distress than that for men. These findings are related to aspects of the police occupational culture. Further discussion is offered that conceptualizes police operational stressors as traumatic, routine and vicarious. Finally, some implications are drawn for the provision of stress intervention in the light of this differentiation.     

The politics of rescue

In December 2002 the UN adopted a definition of ‘trafficking’ that critics worry discounts female agency in commercial sex and migration. This definition was already being used in Bosnia-Herzegovina (BiH) and Kosovo to tackle the violent sex industry that had developed alongside peacekeeping. This paper analyses official assumptions about female agency in commercial sex when ‘victims of trafficking’ (VoTs) are identified in BiH and Kosovo. In this context the Protocol definition helped extend access to resources to women and girls who could otherwise have been excluded. Those who had ‘been abroad’ before were no longer automatically rejected from VoT programmes but pathologised as sufferers of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); their illness establishing their ‘innocence’. Understanding the choice of migration for sex work as a symptom of PTSD allows anti-trafficking programmes to focus on victim rather than perpetrator behaviour. Strong pressures against tackling the way soldiers, police and contractors treat women and girls in the sex industry underlie this focus on victim behaviour. Those in the sex industry who are not ‘foreign’ or do not want to go ‘home’ are excluded from VoT status while anti-trafficking activity increases their risk of arrest, thus reifying the categories of innocent VoT and guilty prostitute.     

小组工作在干预青少年网络成瘾中的应用

青少年网络成瘾对青少年的成长不利,从分析网络成瘾概念与症状及青少年网络成瘾的原因入手,确定小组工作在干预青少年网络成瘾中的介入层次及优势。最后确定了一组具体的干预青少年网络成瘾的小组计划。