论南诏的文学成就

南诏建立后,结束了西南地区长期纷争割据的局面,加强了与唐中央王朝的联系,经济文化繁荣,在文学方面也取得了很大的成就。由于长期坚持不断地学习汉文化,到唐朝后期南诏已经是"礼乐具修,车书必会",由原来落后的蛮荒之地,变成了"馨香礼乐之域"。南诏的书面文学以诗歌和散文著称,已经达到了相当高的水平,多具有唐代文学的风采,不少作品流传内地,深受好评。南诏大理国文学是中国文学的组成部分之一,理应在中国文学研究领域占有一席之地。     

太平天国时期浙江会党运动的几个问题

太平天国时期的浙江，在经济、政治和军事上都处于关系全局的重要战略地位，浙江是太平天国后期的重要战略基地和太平军与清军做战的主战场之一。此时，爆发于浙江的会党运动风起云涌，此起彼伏，成为太平天国运动的重要组成部分。对这一时期会党运动在浙江的孕育演变及特点的深入研究，对于理解和把握十九世纪五六十年代浙江社会的变革与变迁有着重要的启示作用。     

南诏的授田制及其实施范围

作为法律范畴的土地所有权是历史范畴,有其产生、发展和消亡的过程。土地私有权的形成和发展,是人类不平等的基础。历史上的井田制以及后来的屯田制、庄园制和租赋制度等土地占有形式,丰富了土地法律制度的内容。南诏的授田制与唐的均田制有很多相似之处,但也有不同之处,其授田制实施的范围远较唐均田制为小。     

英国殖民当局延缓公布马来亚联盟计划的原因探析

从1942年2月新加坡被日本占领到1944年4月,英国政府对战后马来亚统治形式的决策基本成型。但拟定政策一直是秘密进行,直到1946年1月该政策才正式公布。英国为什么迟迟不公布早已拟就的计划?文章认为,战争时期,英国担心公布马来亚政策会遭到马来人的反对,又担心遭到国内一批前马来亚殖民官员的反对;战争结束后,英国要迫使马来苏丹签署让渡主权和管辖权的协定,计划泄露会引起苏丹们的警觉,所以才迟迟不公布政策,而是采用“秘密计划、迅速执行”的策略,其实质是将英国殖民当局的意志强加给马来亚各族人民。     

试论苏州杀降事件的影响

太平天国运动进入尾声之际，时任江苏巡抚的李鸿章杀死了向他投降的太平天国将领及其部众，并将苏州城洗劫一空，这次屠杀行为史称“苏州杀降事件”。此次杀降事件对太平天国、清王朝以及英国侵略者三方面产生了不同程度的影响，他们对这些影响做出了不同的反应。     

Do the regulatory standards require religious literacy of U.K. health and social care professionals?

Health and social care professionals need sufficient religious literacy in order to handle the complexities of religious beliefs and practices, including the growing numbers who identify with other belief systems and those who claim to identify with no religion. The extent to which the need for religious literacy has been formalized was examined in an analysis of regulatory frameworks for health and social care professionals in the United Kingdom. Although all but one of the regulators make some reference to religion and beliefs, they are silent on the question as to what is meant by religion and beliefs. Some standards include a requirement not to impose one's own beliefs on others, but there is very little requirement to develop a reflective and self‐critical awareness of one's own stance. Likewise, some standards refer to knowledge and skills required, but greater specificity is required for these to be meaningful.     

Making Policymakers More Gender Aware: Experiences and Reflections from the Women's Budget Group in the United Kingdom

SUMMARY

The UK Women's Budget Group (WBG) is a think tank focusing on the gender implications of economic policy that attempts to influence UK government policy to be more gender aware and adopt policies that decrease gender inequality. The WBG has had the overarching aim of encouraging the government to take account of gender in policy formation and to monitor and hold itself accountable for the gender effects of its policies. At the same time the WBG has advised the government on the gender effects of particular policies and proposed modifications to make policies more supportive of (or less harmful to) women, and poor women in particular. Such advice has covered a number of areas, including fiscal policy, tax credits, income support, financial support for children, childcare policy, maternity and parental leave, work-life balance policies, pensions, pay equity, training and productivity, the use of indicators and the collection of government statistics. While the government has been keen to acknowledge the WBG's influence on certain policies, in other areas the WBG has had no discernible effect on policy. This analysis focuses on several common gender issues, including taking account of gendered life-courses, intra- as well as inter-household gender inequalities, valuing and remunerating care and accounting for unpaid work, to assess the WBG's impact and possible reasons for success or failure.     

Differences in the job satisfaction of high-paid and low-paid workers across Europe

Data from six waves of the European Community Household Panel (1996–2001) in 11 countries suggest that low-paid employees are significantly less satisfied with their job than the high-paid in southern Europe, but not in the northern countries. Proxying job satisfaction for job quality, the authors show that while low-paid employment does not necessarily mean low-quality employment, workers in some countries suffer the double penalty of low pay and low job quality. Such dualism across European labour markets, they argue, reflects different country-level approaches to the trade-off between flexibility and security, calling for a policy focus on the latter to enhance job quality.     

Design and development of a film-based intervention about teenage men and unintended pregnancy: Applying the Medical Research Council framework in practice

Following the UK Medical Research Council's (MRC) guidelines for the development and evaluation of complex interventions, this study aimed to design, develop and optimise an educational intervention about young men and unintended teenage pregnancy based around an interactive film. The process involved identification of the relevant evidence base, development of a theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of unintended teenage pregnancy in relation to young men, and exploratory mixed methods research. The result was an evidence-based, theory-informed, user-endorsed intervention designed to meet the much neglected pregnancy education needs of teenage men and intended to increase both boys’ and girls’ intentions to avoid an unplanned pregnancy during adolescence. In prioritising the development phase, this paper addresses a gap in the literature on the processes of research-informed intervention design. It illustrates the application of the MRC guidelines in practice while offering a critique and additional guidance to programme developers on the MRC prescribed processes of developing interventions. Key lessons learned were: (1) know and engage the target population and engage gatekeepers in addressing contextual complexities; (2) know the targeted behaviours and model a process of change; and (3) look beyond development to evaluation and implementation.     

The Coalition,austerity and mental health

In the United Kingdom, the Coalition government’s recent commitment to improving mental health provision masks the extent that their policies of austerity have already brought harm to those same services. Government-driven policies have led to significantly reduced funding within mental health, increasing pressure on a system that was already chronically under-resourced. Further, people who are experiencing mental distress, and mental health service users, have been especially vulnerable to the harms of the current austerity programme, including being at the sharp end of the assault on public services and welfare spending. This piece discusses the impact of austerity, exploring the effects of government policies and with a critical perspective of the dominant discourses around mental health. It argues that by exacerbating social inequality, government policies are also directly leading to worsening mental health in the United Kingdom.