持续质量改进方法在消化内科住院患者跌倒护理中的应用

目的 通过持续质量改进方法的实施与效果评价,提高住院患者的自我防跌倒意识和生活质量。方法 观察对象分为对照组1069例,观察组1179例,观察组在对照组传统住院患者预防跌倒护理方法的基础上实施持续质量改进方法,比较两组的效果。结果 对照组住院患者发生11例患者意外跌倒。其中,男性7例,女性4例;跌倒发生时有家属陪伴7例,无家属陪伴4例;发生于日间4例,夜间7例,发生在走廊3例,床边8例;因下床小便出现跌倒6例,独自入厕3例,其他2例。出现骨折1例,头面部损伤4例,无跌倒并发症6例。观察组住院患者由于采用CQI及改进预防跌倒方法,取得了满意的效果,跌倒发生率为0,患者及家属对护理工作的满意度为98％。结论 持续质量改进方法在消化内科住院患者跌倒护理中的应用,有效减少住院患者跌倒发生率,提高了护理工作质量。     

云南“卧云仙居”老年公寓景观设计

"卧云仙居"景观设计,综合考虑老年人居住生活行为规律和身心特点,详细设计了老年公寓西苑和别墅区等主要景区的景观,结合地形、植物、建筑、园林小品、广场与道路园林构成五大要素,营造出自然生态、简约明朗,并富有传统文化气息的景观意境,达到能够供老年人休憩、娱乐、运动、疗养并安度晚年生活的景观效果.     

国内弱势群体社会支持研究述评

回顾已有的弱势群体社会支持研究,就其研究背景、理论预设和分类的社会支持以及社会支持系统的建构尝试进行了系统梳理,并指出了已有研究的不足和未来的研究方向。     

现状与出路——我国城市养老问题探析

随着人口老龄化的发展,我国城市老年人的养老问题日益突出。家庭养老功能削弱、机构养老作用有限和社区服务缺乏等,使很多老年人的养老需求不能得到充分满足。要想解决这一问题,需从多方面入手,继续提倡家庭养老,积极发展社区服务,进一步发挥养老机构作用并大力发展社会养老保险,为我国城市老年人构建一个严密的养老网络。     

影响城市老年人生活满意度的社区因素探讨——基于江苏南通市区558例老年人问卷调查

采取随机抽样的方法,对南通市区558位老年人进行了问卷调查,以了解城市社区因素对老年人生活满意度的影响。调查结果显示：68.1%的老人对生活感到满意 社区活动参与度、社区服务受益度、社区助老设施拥有度和社区邻里互动频率是影响老年人生活满意度的主要社区因素。为此建议：要加强老年人与社区的联系,增进老年人的邻里交往和社区活动参与,加强社区助老服务设施建设和资源整合,以有效提高老年人生活满意度。     

The American Islamic Community: Which Muslims are Likely to be Encouraged by Other People?

ABSTRACT

Encouragement—or expressions of support designed to instill perseverance and hope in the face of challenging circumstances—is an important concept in the strengths perspective and a central feature of social work practice. Encouragement may be a particularly significant factor for Muslims living in post-9/11 America. Yet, little research has examined this topic despite its relevance. To address this gap in the literature, this cross-sectional study employed a community sample of Muslims (N = 274) to identify which Muslims are disproportionately likely to report receiving expressions of support from other people. The results of the logistic regression indicated that Muslims who were single, Middle Eastern, non-Sunni, and frequent Mosque attenders, were more likely to receive expressions of support compared to those who were married, European American, Sunni, and less frequent Mosque attenders. Conversely, Muslims without a 4-year college education and born aboard were less likely to receive expressions of support compared to those with a graduate degree and born in the US. The paper concludes by offering a tentative explanation for the results and suggesting some implications for practice with Muslim clients. Future researchers might build upon the findings by replicating the study with nationally representative samples.     

Disability poverty and ageing in regional Australia: The impact of disability income reforms for indigenous Australians

Australian disability policy has undergone considerable reform since the early 2000s. While recent research and scholarship has largely focused on the new National Disability Insurance Scheme, there is a dearth of research that examines the impact of reform to the Disability Support Pension, and even less so the effects on Indigenous Australians living with disability. This is surprising as a higher proportion of Indigenous Australians live with disability than the non‐Indigenous population. This article pays particular attention to the experiences of Aboriginal Australians who have acquired a disability after extensive years of working (25–40 years), yet are still of workforce age (less than 65 years of age). Because of tightened eligibility criteria for the Disability Support Pension, people in this group are placed onto the lower paid Newstart Allowance (general unemployment benefit). The article illustrates the high levels of poverty that Aboriginal Australians with disabilities experience daily, and the ongoing costs they incur in managing Newstart conditionality to maintain continued access to the general unemployment benefit.     

外出务工灾民的社会适应困境及介入策略

"5.12"汶川地震后,大批四川籍灾民外出打工谋生。笔者通过问卷调查、实地考察、深度访谈等方式,深入了解他们在打工地的社会适应状况。统计分析表明,外出务工灾民普遍存在经济、生活、心理等层面适应不足的状况。社会工作可以分别从微观、中观和宏观等层面,通过个案辅导、小组活动、社区动员、政策倡导等方式,帮助提升外出务工灾民的社会适应能力,促进灾后重建工作的顺利进行。     

农村社区养老:模式、问题与对策

老龄化使得农村养老服务需求增加与供给短缺的矛盾日益突出,农村社会传统的养老模式受到冲击。农村社区养老以其功能优越性提供了一种解决农村养老服务供需矛盾的路径。     

城市老年居民的社区福利环境探讨——以南京市P社区为个案

如果一个社区中的老年居民的社区福利得到了足够的保障,那么这种社区福利也同样会让所有社区居民获益的。目前城市老年居民的社区福利供给与福利需要之间存在不一致性。如何建构一个自主自立的适合老年居民的居住环境,形成一个良好的以居住地为基础的社区福利环境,首先要对社区的福利需要进行评估,然后动员社区的各种福利资源,开发合适的福利项目,增强社区居民的福利感,提升社区福利。