简单连杆机构传动函数的付里叶展开及其应用

本文研究了四种简单连杆机构传动函数的付里叶展开，指出了机构尺度特征值对付里叶系数的影响，从而为机构动力学研究提供了有力工具。     

马克思主义市场扩张视角下的资本主义发展阶段——资本主义历史分期的一种新尝试

第一次产业革命后资本主义发展的历史,是在“无限扩张的生产和有限扩张的市场”矛盾运动中踉跄前行的历史,市场扩张是矛盾的主要方面。从马克思主义市场扩张角度看,产业革命后的资本主义发展可以分为三个阶段：资本主义生产与现实市场扩张矛盾主导阶段,资本主义生产与未来市场扩张矛盾主导阶段,资本主义生产与虚假市场扩张矛盾主导阶段。资本主义生产与虚假市场扩张矛盾主导阶段是资本主义发展的最后阶段。市场在时间和空间上将再无扩张的余地,“虚假需求”生产制造的人类必然的精神痛苦构成资本主义自我否定的动力源泉,“资本主义必然灭亡,社会主义必然胜利”的预言将在第三阶段以必然形式出现。     

The politico-cultural significance of teachers’ ‘professionalization’ movements: a compared analysis of American and French cases

ABSTRACT

This article highlights the ideational factors underpinning the movements to professionalize teachers in the United-States and in France. It demonstrates that the deep driving force behind these movements is neither the modernization of schooling, nor the professional interests of teacher educators, but the politico-cultural hold of a philosophical paradigm that met the values and ideals of education and political systems’ actors. By associating human progress with social progress based on natural laws, the naturalistic standpoint of this philosophical paradigm won the favor of the times. Nevertheless, the adaptive conception of intellectual and moral development it supports entails a separation of the mental world of education specialists from that of academic scholars. As a consequence, the major missions of formal education shifted from the training of the mind through the understanding of subject-matters to that of whole social personalities through situated or experiential forms of understanding, the paradoxical outcome being a loss of teachers’ autonomy in terms of professional expertise.     

广州珠江黄埔大桥南汊主引桥衔接处线形控制技术

基于广州珠江黄埔大桥南汉悬索桥施工特点,针对悬索桥主引桥衔接处纵坡线形控制难题,提出解决方案.对于主桥端部钢箱梁纵坡线形的控制,提出两个调坡原则;对于伸缩缝纵坡线形的控制,提出须解决的关键问题及解决方法.所提方案解决了施工进度与施工工序之间的矛盾.     

Performance evaluation and enrollment quota allocation for higher education institutions in China

Higher education has always played an important role in promoting economic and social progress. With the rapid development of economy, China's higher education has entered a new stage and made a series of extraordinary achievements. However, the uneven development of higher education has become a critical factor restricting China’s overall progress. In this paper, we propose Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach to evaluate the performance of higher education resource utilization from the perspective of provincial level. In addition, we assess productivity changes of each province with the help of Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Further, by considering the enrollment quota as a special kind of resource, we construct a more reasonable allocation scheme, while keeping the total number of newly added enrollment quota unchanged in the next year. Finally, according to the results, some suggestions are put forward to help the Chinese government better solve the unbalanced development of higher education among provinces.     

国进民退:清季兴起的一个持续倾向

近代中国一个持续的倾向,即国家(state)的责任和功能大幅度扩展,而民间则一再退缩。勾勒这一倾向在清季的兴起和推进。简述国家由小政府向大政府的转变,侧重"国进"冲击下社会的巨变,特别是以"道"为依据、以士绅为主导、以公产为基础,由各种公共会社构成的公领域,在国家步步进逼下被迫淡出。造成一个根本的转变,即很多过去民间承担的社会责任,现在逐渐转化为政府职能,落到国家头上了。在国家和社会各自及相互的转变中,国民也面临着从臣民到公民的转型,不能不重新定位其与国家、社会的相应关系。这一仍在进行中的变化进程,也明显受到"国进民退"的影响。     

试论罗马共和早期向外扩张胜利的原因

罗马共和早期对外扩张之所以能够取胜,其原因有外因也有内因,外因是,当时东西地中海强国自身的不断削弱给罗马提供了极为有利的国际形势;内因是,处于共和早期的罗马刚刚经过平民反贵族斗争,平民政治地位和经济地位的提高使罗马国内政治稳固,小农经济得以维持,为罗马对外扩张奠定了坚实的基础,再加上罗马在军事上和外交上所采取的有力措施,以及罗马人不墨守成规,善于吸收先进技术的特点,最终打败了对手,取得了对外扩张的胜利,实现了称霸地中海的愿望.     

Significance levels and confidence intervals for permutation tests

A computational algorithm is given which calculates exact significance levels of a wide class of permutation tests in the one and two sample problems. This class includes the permutation test based on the means, locally most powerful permutation tests and linear rank tests. When a shift model is assumed confidence intervals can also be obtained. Approximate methods, based on asymptotic expansions, are also presented.     

政府规模增长成因研究的四类理论假设

国内外关于政府规模增长成因的理论,可归为四类假设,即公共需求假设、政治家和官僚推动假设、财政分权假设、多因素影响假设.这些理论假设为更深入地研究政府规模增长问题积累了一定的有价值的知识,但还存在很多方面的问题.运用新制度主义的基本理论和研究方法作为理论工具,着重从制度的角度揭示制度因素之于政府规模变动的作用和影响,是政府规模研究的一个较为新颖可取的分析视角.     

区域饭店联盟的扩张机制与管理研究

区域饭店联盟是饭店业市场创新的结果，扩张机制则是区域联盟的核心机制。在比较分析的基础上，分析了区域饭店联盟的产生背景和特点，提出区域饭店联盟包括联盟的成员扩张和联盟类型扩张两种形式，联盟体选择成员饭店应从相似性、资源潜力、互补性和联盟意愿等方面进行评价；联盟类型扩张应从资源的基础能力、内部合作能力、管理协调能力和资金运筹能力等方面进行决策评价。两种扩张方式有特定的决策流程。