金融危机背景下全球贸易波动的“构成效应”和“共振效应”

次贷危机中全球贸易出现了突然、剧烈和协同式的波动。本文旨在从＂构成效应＂和＂共振效应＂两个层面剖析产生这种现象的原因。本文认为,贸易和整个经济的结构差异以及全球生产链的形成是造成全球贸易震荡的深层次原因。     

Who is bullying whom in ethnically diverse primary schools? Exploring links between bullying,ethnicity, and ethnic diversity in Dutch primary schools

This study investigated associations between ethnicity, ethnic diversity, and bullying among 739 pupils enrolled in their last year of primary school. Hypotheses derived from social misfit and inter-ethnic relations theories were tested using the multilevel p₂ model. Our key findings were: (1) inter- and intra-ethnic bullying are just as common in ethnically heterogeneous as in homogeneous classes; (2) pupils belonging to the Turkish and Moroccan minority groups bully significantly more than native Dutch (in particular according to victims); the chance to be victimized does not depend on the ethnic background of the pupil; (3) the prevalence of inter- and intra-ethnic bullying depends on the level of ethnic diversity in the class; inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic bullying increase with increasing levels of ethnic diversity.     

An Evaluation of Physical Fitness Parameters for Graduate Students

Abstract

Although graduate physical therapy students are taught the principles of fitness for incorporation into their professional lives, they have difficulty finding the time to implement these principles during graduate school. The authors studied 3 successive classes of graduate physical therapy students at the beginning and ending of their respective programs. They found that the women's percentages of body fat were significantly greater over the period of the study. The men's lower extremity strength decreased at the slower speeds (60 degrees/second), and the women showed increased strength at the higher speeds (180 and 240 degrees/second, respectively). Male grip strength significantly increased over the period of the study. To decrease students' percentages of body fat and increase their strength, the authors asserted that physical therapy students should be allowed more time to participate in fitness activities during their graduate school years.     

再生铝铝渣粒度及成分研究

采用激光衍射式粒度仪、扫描电镜能谱分析和X射线衍射方法,对比分析了不同粒径的再生铝铝渣,比较了其物相与粒度分布之间的差异,就如何提高铝渣聚集效果进行了探讨,结果表明:Na3 AlF6在一定程度上有助于聚集提高铝渣颗粒,MgO不利于铝渣颗粒的聚集,应当避免或减少使用.     

建立海外华文媒体资源库的构想

21世纪初的海外华文媒体已经成为国际传播领域的重要民间媒体力量。如何让其保持一个良性稳定的发展态势,成为国家间跨文化交流和公共外交的主要渠道,值得研究。构建一个服务于海外华文媒体行业以及研究者、政策制定者的华文媒体资源库,是凝聚国内华文媒体研究者的经验和智慧,引导海外华文媒体稳健发展的基础工作。     

Ethnic Sensitive Social Work Practice: Back to the Future

SUMMARY

In this paper we examine the history and future directions of ethnic sensitive social work practice. We highlight the context within which the approach was developed and current sociodemographic trends. The various rights movements of the sixties and seventies pointed to the need to refocus on social class and ethnicity. The new demographic landscape, largely a function policies, reinforces the importance of concepts such as the ethnic reality and other aspects of our work.     

The effect of 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy on muscle and fat mass in older men with localized prostate cancer

Objective.?To evaluate body composition changes, specifically skeletal muscle mass, in men receiving androgen deprivation with luteinizing-hormone releasing hormone-agonist (LHRH-A) for prostate cancer (PCa) in comparison with healthy controls.

Design.?Retrospective analysis of body composition changes in men with prostate cancer receiving LHRH-A therapy from 2 clinical trials compared to men without prostate cancer serving as a placebo-control in another clinical trial.

Setting.?Clinical Research Center in Connecticut.

Participants.?Thirty men (> 60 years) receiving 6 months of LHRH-A therapy for PCa were compared to a healthy group of 25 men without PCa.

Measurements.?Appendicular skeletal muscle/height² (ASM/ht²), lean and fat mass were assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Total testosterone levels were assessed by enzyme immunoassay.

Results.?At baseline, 12/30 (40%) of the treatment group and 7/25 (28%) of the control group (p = 0.11) met criteria for sarcopenia. There were no differences between control groups in ASM/ht² or lean mass. The LHRH-A group had a higher percent body fat than the control group, 29.8 ± 6.3 versus 26.3 ± 4.6 (p = 0.02). ASM/ht² and lean mass decreased in the LHRH-A group from 7.5 ± 0.9 kg to 7.3 ± 0.9 kg (?2.3% ± 0.03; p ? 0.001) and 53.5 ± 5.4 kg to 52.3 ± 5.3 kg (?2.1% ± 0.03; p ? 0.001), respectively. There was no muscle loss in the control group. At 6 months, the LHRH-A group had increased percent body fat from 29.8 ± 6.4 to 32.2 ± 5.8 (9.5% ± 0.13; p ? 0.001), whereas the control group had decreased in percent body fat from 26.6 ± 4.6 to 25.3 ± 5.0 (?3.8% ± 0.08; p = 0.02).

Conclusions.?Men undergoing LHRH-A treatment for PCa decreased appendicular skeletal muscle and lean tissue and increased body fat within 6 months of initiation of therapy. Lifestyle changes or medical interventions to minimize the effects of androgen deprivation therapy for PCa deserve investigation.     

空气低温氧化体系对稠油组成的影响

通过对辽河稠油进行低温氧化模拟实验, 考察了不同体系氧化反应前后气相组成、 稠油组成及性质的改变情况。结果表明： 稠油与空气发生的低温氧化反应属于吸氧反应, 催化氧化反应使气体中氧气含量下降到 2.71%, 消耗了空气中 87% 的氧, 氧化使稠油酸值及黏度增大; 加水催化氧化使稠油中胶质含量降低13.95%, 沥青质含量上升 4.81%, 胶质、 沥青质总含量降低, 重组分降解了 17.94%; 环烷酸盐催化剂体系对稠油有良好的催化活性, 促进了稠油氧化和裂解; 水在稠油空气低温催化氧化过程中起到了促进重组分裂解的作用。     

A qualitative study on the pros and cons of ethnically matching culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) client families and child protection caseworkers

A review of the literature indicated that empirical research into the advantages and disadvantages of ethnically matching child protection caseworkers and culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) client families is not extensive. The main aim of this study was to address this gap. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 29 CALD client families and 17 child protection caseworkers (as part of a larger study). It was found that if CALD families fear a breach of confidentiality (because of cultural reasons to protect the family's privacy and name), and this fear exceeds the two main benefits of ethnic matching – namely, that it helps overcome language barriers and provides (cultural) sensitivity – then they are likely to prefer a non-matched caseworker. This may be a challenge in child protection practice if the pool of culturally competent caseworkers is small. Another challenge identified was when CALD families preferred an ethnic match but was seen by case managers as a risk to the accurate assessment of a child's wellbeing because the caseworker was over-identifying with the client family. Thus, the provision of a culturally sensitive service can be at odds with the need to protect children from harm. This issue is seen as best addressed on a case by case basis. This study is significant because it has shown that ‘over-identification’ is an important work practice issue in this matter. It has also used empirical evidence to inform best practice principles regarding ethnic matching.     

民族地区旅游资源的空间分布结构分析

民族地区作为我国总体上的旅游资源富集区,区域内部资源分布不均衡。本文选取三类十一种主要旅游资源,采用绝对数量、人均密度、地均密度等评价指标及位序得分法,对民族地区旅游资源的省际分布进行定量分析。