Power Ratings for NCAA Division II Football

ABSTRACT

There is an abundance of entities that disseminate power ratings for NCAA Division I-A and I-AA football teams. This is not true for the NCAA Division II level. Statistical data on all NCAA Divisions II football games for two years were examined to develop a rating system. Several statistical techniques were performed on the data. Ultimately, the ratings were based on won-lost percentage, margin of victory, strength of schedule, and quality wins. Results are given for the 2001 and 2002 seasons. Ratings for the 2002 season for Divisions I-A and I-AA are also given using the techniques developed.     

明清小说与泰山文化

齐鲁是中国古代小说之乡,明清小说名著大都为山东人写或写山东事,而尤以与泰山文化关联最多.《三国演义》、《水浒传》、《西游记》、《红楼梦》、《绿野仙踪》等五大小说名著,其作者或为泰安人,或隐以泰山为背景,或明确写在泰安发生的故事等,多取自于泰山文化,可称之谓“泰山小说”.“泰山小说”是泰山文化与时俱进的产物,与泰山相得益彰,而泰山更需要“泰山小说”携程.“泰山小说”是泰山文化研究和旅游开发的重大课题,有关方面应予以重视.     

一种灵石,三部大书──从《水浒传》、《西游记》到《红楼梦》的“石头记”叙事模式

从《水浒传》、《西游记》到《红楼梦》,看来差异巨大的三书,都以一块＂灵石＂的意象打头并契合中心人物、隐含主旨以贯穿全书,从而三书在一定程度上都可以称为＂石头记＂。＂石头记＂叙事模式源于中国古人以＂天人合一＂把握世界的方式和古老的石文化传统。＂石头记＂叙事模式的生成与存在表明,中国古代小说是一立体网状系统,各代表性作品与流派自其异处而观之各有千秋,自其同处而观之实千部一贯,无非这一巨大立体网络系统中的一个＂结＂,因此古代小说研究不能过重作品个案与类析而忽视旁通。＂石头记＂叙事模式虽然是所谓＂老套情节＂,但不能仅仅视为后先模拟甚至变相的抄袭,而应该承认其为文学发展演变一个规律性的体现,是中国古代小说叙事艺术演进中不断自我调节新变的结果。     

关于《水浒传》成书时间研究方法的思考

关于《水浒传》的成书时间,传统的研究方法主要有两种:一是依据作者,二是通过版本。由于作者真伪难辨,原始版本未曾发现,所以从作者或版本来考察《水浒传》成书时间最终都陷入了僵局。新时期研究者们开始探索新的研究方法:或从文本出发,寻求成书时间的内证;或从传播与接受的角度去探讨成书时间。前种方法颇有说服力,但也存在局限性。后种方法立足于现有的有关《水浒传》传播与接受的材料,力图使讨论建立在事实的基础上,无论从实践上,还是从理论上,无疑都是一种科学的研究方法。     

利率市场化、非利息收入与银行净息差——兼论分类非利息收入的差异化影响路径

在对做市商模型进行改进的基础上,本文利用2005-2015年我国101家商业银行的非平衡面板数据,采用动态面板系统GMM方法,研究了利率市场化和非利息收入对银行净息差的共同影响。研究结果表明:①总体来看,利率市场化对商业银行的净息差产生了显著的负向影响,其中地方性银行受到的冲击最大,股份制银行次之,国有银行受到的冲击最小;②总体非利息收入和分类非利息收入都对银行净息差产生了显著的负向影响,而且随着利率市场化程度的提高,这种负向影响的效果进一步增强;③分类非利息收入对银行净息差产生影响的路径并不一致,手续费及佣金收入的主效应是"交叉补贴效应",而交易性收入的主效应则是"资源替代效应";④对于国有银行和股份制银行,手续费及佣金收入对其净息差产生了显著的负向影响,但交易性收入对净息差的影响并不显著;⑤对于地方性银行,手续费及佣金收入和交易性收入都对其净息差产生了显著的负向影响。在此基础上,本文分析了产生差异的原因,并进一步向各类商业银行及监管者提出合理化建议。     

《水浒传》成书时间新证

现存文献中 ,最早著录和评论《水浒传》的是明嘉靖时期的一批学者。本文从《词谑》入手 ,通过考证崔铣、李开先等评论《水浒传》的时间 ,从而断定《水浒传》成书时间的下限应不晚于嘉靖九年 (15 30年 )。通过对《词品》、《戏瑕》、《百川书志序》的细致分析 ,再结合杨慎与崔铣、文征明之间的关系 ,推断出《水浒传》成书时间的上限应不早于嘉靖三年 (15 2 4年 )。《水浒》在嘉靖初年成书与嘉靖初年的社会状况相契合     

话本小说与禅宗预言偈——从《水浒传》中的预言偈说起

宋元时代的话本小说中存有数量不少的禅宗预言偈,它们既是佛教文化的产物,也是贯穿小说叙事的神秘纽带.这种预言偈在<五灯会元>等禅宗语录及<宋高僧传>等僧人传记中均有纪录.禅宗在宋元时代的盛行,使得预言偈以种种途径影响并进入到宋元时期的说话艺术之中,"说参请"是二者之间的媒介之一,而禅宗预言偈与古代小说的结缘,肇端于唐宋文言小说,唐代的敦煌变文以及南宋文言小说集<夷坚志>等书中皆有轨迹可寻.     

Media depth influences Sedum green roof establishment

Species selection and initial establishment of plants is critical for long term survival and health of green roofs. Plants that can withstand harsh environmental conditions and provide rapid coverage on extensive green roofs can reduce erosion, limit weed invasion, and provide a more aesthetically pleasing roof to satisfy customers. This study evaluated the effect of green roof substrate depth on initial establishment of 12 Sedum species in a Midwestern US climate. Plugs of 12 Sedum species were planted on 8 June 2005 and evaluated bi-weekly until first frost for absolute cover (AC) using a stainless steel point-frame transect. Most species exhibited greater growth and coverage at a depth of 7.0 and 10.0 cm relative to 4.0 cm. AC was highest for Sedum sarmentosum at all depths, but this species may be too aggressive. Other suitable species include Sedum floriferum, Sedum stefco, and Sedum spurium ‘John Creech’. In general, species that are less suitable are Sedum ‘Angelina’, Sedum cauticola ‘Lidakense’, Sedum ewersii, Sedum ochroleucum, and Sedum reflexum ‘Blue Spruce’. For the species tested, a minimum of 7.0 cm is highly recommended. With shallower substrates, S. sarmentosum and S. stefco will provide the fastest coverage. This paper is a portion of a M.S. Thesis submitted by K.L. Getter.     

中晚明之交文学新探

在中国历史上,16世纪是一段多灾多难的时期,嘉靖皇帝在位的四十多年间（1522-1566）,宦官擅权,朝纲废弛。其时倭寇日炽于沿海,不断滋扰;而嘉靖二十九年（1550）,蒙古人再犯北京。惟因许以贡市,才得转危为安。在此期间,不断有正直的官员——如海瑞、杨慎等——冒着生命危险,屡次向皇帝上疏而被逮入狱或遭放逐。贬谪文学也因而兴起。同时,这也是一个改写小说的时代,《三国志演义》、《水浒传》和《西游记》等书都在此时得到了十分完整的改定。否则后来不可能成为所谓的“小说”。与此同时,印刷业也有了惊人的发展,很多文学作品也因此由坊间大量出版。重要的是,在这个时代中。政治迫害并没有使人沉默。而是造就了新一代的作者和读者,尤其是许多读者时时有好奇、求知之欲。此外,嘉靖时期文学产物的丰富和多彩多姿都让人不得不拿它与16世纪的欧洲文艺复兴相比。     

Worker Exposure Standard for Phosphine Gas

The 1998 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) re-registration eligibility decision (RED) for phosphine fumigants has generated much interest in defining safe levels of exposure for workers and worker bystanders. This report summarizes the pertinent literature on phosphine toxicity, including animal inhalation studies and human epidemiology studies, and also describes a margin-of-exposure (MOE) analysis based on available worker exposure data. In addition, a safe occupational exposure limit is estimated using typical OPP assumptions, after determination of appropriate uncertainty factors, based on quality of data in the principal study and pharmacokinetic considerations. While a conservative 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 0.1 ppm was calculated, the overall weight of evidence, from a risk-management perspective, supports a conclusion that an occupational TWA of 0.3 ppm provides adequate health protection. In addition, a 15-minute short-term exposure limit (STEL) of 3 ppm was estimated. Finally, in contrast to the MOE analysis described in the OPP's phosphine RED, the MOE analysis described herein does not indicate that fumigation workers are currently being exposed to unacceptable levels of phosphine. Collectively, these findings support the occupational exposure limits of 0.3 ppm (8-hour TWA) and 1 ppm (STEL) established in the updated applicator's manuals for phosphine-generating products, which recently received approval from OPP.