从第三方支付发展看上海国际金融中心建设

互联网时代第三方支付的发展,揭示了企业"控制用户信息流以控制支付流,控制支付流以控制资金流;获得用户网络接入权胜过获得资本所有权,获得数据投入量胜过获得资金投入量"的新规则。大平台日益成为金融机构控制用户信息流、获得用户网络接入权的重要载体,在平台组合上加载信用有关数据流日益成为形成金融机构风险管理能力的重要生产资料。在互联网时代推进上海国际金融中心建设,既要继续重视金融机构集聚,更要注重鼓励企业赢得全国性用户网络接入权,加强平台组合,增强信用数据流。上海应依托自贸试验区推进互联网金融监管创新;牵头建立长三角征信联盟集团公司;搭建本地金融机构网聚平台。     

金融产业集聚与区域经济增长

金融产业集聚对区域经济增长起着不容忽视的作用,本文在金融产业集聚对经济增长影响机理分析的基础上,选取我国生产性服务业的典型代表——北京市为案例,描述其金融产业集聚与经济增长状况,并基于6大主城区的数据,利用扩展的C-D函数及混合面板模型对金融产业集聚对区域经济增长的影响进行了实证检验.研究发现：北京市金融业已形成良好的金融集聚态势;金融业集聚对区域经济增长有着明显的正向促进作用.在此基础上,提出了进一步加强金融集聚及其对区域经济增长作用的政策建议.     

1894-1914年俄国酒销售垄断政策目的与结果为何相悖(上)

从古至今酗酒问题一直困扰着俄国。国家垄断酒销售既是政府增加财政收入的举措,也是治理民众酗酒问题的手段。1894—1914年俄国实施了酒销售垄断政策,初衷是增加国家岁入,同时引导民众文明饮酒和减少酗酒,然而,减少民众酒消费和增加国库收入存在根本矛盾,二者很难兼顾,因此面临取舍的难题。而在俄国政府看来,国库利益永远高于戒酒利益,当国家财政紧张时就更是如此。这是酗酒问题难以根除的客观原因,民众的饮酒方式和习俗则是主观原因,俄国各阶层民众都有饮酒习惯。围绕对酒垄断的原则与目的、酒销售垄断的财政结果、影响烈性酒消费收入增加的若干因素、酒销售垄断与酒消费、民众饮酒方式和习俗的探讨,可以理解酒垄断时期俄国政府的两难处境与未能缓解民众酗酒的原因。     

转型收益分享的身份决定机制:偏差及其矫正

身份标定了公民在社会中的地位和获利方式.根据身份配置资源、分配收益和分摊成本,形成了我国独特的转型收益分享机制--身份决定机制.由于身份的非选择性和身份转换障碍,身份决定机制因而成为产生社会不公的制度根源.为了实现公平正义,构建社会主义和谐社会,必须建立以能力为导向的转型收益分享机制.     

《劳动合同法》对企业成本影响的测算方法与实证研究——金融危机下的应急措施

<劳动合同法>实施以来,在国内学术界和实业界引起了轩然大波.2008年以来,一些企业的倒闭、搬迁,更将这部立意颇好的法律推到了风口浪尖.针对实施<劳动合同法>对企业成本影响的问题,采用分层目录抽样方法,抽取了珠三角、粤东、粤西、粤北地区13个具有代表性的城市,不同类型、不同行业共650户企业进行调研,运用成本测算直接法和间接法,对广东调研企业成本进行统计测算.测算结果显示,广东实施<劳动合同法>对企业人均人工成本的影响区间为2.54%～4.90%,用调研事实澄清了社会上流传的10%～70%的谬误.还从政府、企业和员工角度分别提出在实施<劳动合同法>过程中应对金融危机的对策,为各级政府和企业决策提供依据.     

Family identification facilitates coping with financial stress: A social identity approach to family financial resilience

Family financial stress research has typically examined negative effects of deprivation on mental health, which in turn erode financial coping. While this work acknowledges family support’s role in buffering these effects, it has typically overlooked how family identification can act to structure the experience of, and response to, economic challenge. We adopt a Social Identity approach, arguing that family identification predicts increased social support and improved well-being, which predicts more effective coping with financial problems. We explore this in two community surveys (N = 369; N = 187). In the first we show that stronger family identification and support predict better well-being, which predicts better evaluation of economic coping. In the second we replicate these findings, and also show that the relationship between well-being and financial distress is fully mediated by perceptions of ‘Collective Family Financial Efficacy’. These findings point to a more positive understanding of how family cohesion can promote mental well-being/resilience.     

Childhood exposure to the Second World War and financial risk taking in adult life

Adverse childhood experiences might have long-lasting effects on decisions under uncertainty in adult life. Merging the European Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement with data on conflict events during the Second World War, and relying on region-by-cohort variation in war exposure, we show that warfare exposure during childhood is associated with lower financial risk taking in later life. Individuals who experienced war episodes as children hold less – and are less likely to hold – stocks, but are more likely to hold life insurance, compared to non-exposed individuals. Effects are robust to the inclusion of potential mediating factors, and are tested for nonlinearity and heterogeneity. Moreover, we provide evidence of hedonic adaptation to war, as high and low intensity of war exposure have comparable long-term effects. We also document that war exposure in childhood increases sensitivity to financial uncertainty since exposed-to-war individuals are less likely to hold stocks after periods of high volatility. Finally, we shed light on the most likely mechanism in the relationship between war exposure and financial risk taking – i.e., enhanced sensitivity to uncertainty – and we show that preferences, and not beliefs, channel this relationship.     

How do countries choose their monetary policy frameworks?

This paper investigates the determinants of countries’ choices of monetary policy framework. A brief narrative focused on groupings of countries motivates an econometric analysis which draws on previous work on the determinants of exchange rate regimes, bringing in standard factors as well as the trade networks of potential anchor currency blocs and the financial market depth that are emphasised in the narrative. The model turns out to be able to predict three quarters of countries’ choices, and there is no obvious systematic pattern in the errors. The results have important implications for how countries should choose their monetary policy frameworks.     

新疆30年财政收支运行的轨迹

改革开放30年来，尤其是实施分税制以来，新疆地方财政收支的缺口越来越大，究其原因，主要是分税制财政体制使新疆上划中央税收加速增长、地方经济结构调整缓慢和资源优势尚未实现转化。因此，在未来财政收支运行中，应充分预计财政体制变革、新农村建设和新型工业化建设的需求，以及各种减收因素对财政收支的影响，促进产业结构调整是地方财政应当考虑的重要问题。     

高职《财经写作》课程项目教学体系研究

转变高职教育传统的教学模式是一项重要的、具有创新意义的工作。建构主义学习理论、情境学习理论和杜威的实用主义教育理论成为构建高职财经写作课程项目教学新体系的理论依据。该课程项目教学新体系强调：以企业实际工作为行动导向，以具体情境为教学项目，以学生为主体组织教学活动，以多样化的解决问题的方法拓展学生思路，真正做到“学中做、做中用、用中学”。