《东海岛屿文化与民俗》序论

《东海岛屿文化与民俗》是继《吴越地区民间信仰民俗》和《稻作文化与江南民俗》之后的关于吴越地区民俗文化的系列研究成果。由于海岛的独特性,该课题在调查方法上,突破了以往民俗学的"投入式调查"和"参与式调查"模式,而探索到了第三种调查方式,即以当地土生土长的文化人来调查和描述本地的民俗文化,实践证明,这种方式也是行之有效的。民俗学在理论上还存在着让人探索的广泛空间,以马克思主义的辩证唯物论和唯物辩证法为方法论来建立中国的民俗学学派,有着崭新的发展前景。     

《新疆赋》民俗述考

蒙古和宁的《西藏赋》、吉林英和的《卜魁城赋》、大兴徐松的《新疆赋》,以其鲜明的边疆民族与民俗特色而在光绪九年(1883)由元尚居汇刻为《西藏等三边赋》。论文就其中《新疆赋》所涉及的新疆民俗,进行了较为详细论述考,如民居、园艺业、物产、商贸、岁时节日、礼乐教化等方面,对我们了解和研究清代新疆的民俗,具有重要的参考价值。     

论共和国前期罗马法的“世俗化”

罗马法的世俗化是罗马法历史发展演进的结果。世俗化的本质是去宗教化,反映的是人对神的驱逐。罗马共和国前期发生的罗马法走出神龛、为平民所知悉并不是"世俗化"的表现,而是大众化过程。因为当时不具有"去宗教"的社会意识形态。     

民间信仰之宗教渊源

民间信仰发端于原始先民对自然、祖先的崇拜,祭祀活动于西周之后分化为宫廷祭典和民间礼神二途,中国宗法性传统宗教及佛教、道教等对民间信仰长期的互浸互染,致使中国宗法性传统宗教及佛、道等宗教的某些神与民间信仰中的对象产生了种种复杂纷繁的交叉、重叠和转换的现象。     

论路遥小说的民间叙事

路遥小说具有丰厚的民间文化意蕴,主要表现在叙事视角、叙事结构、人物塑造、价值判断等方面,这一方面根源于陕北特殊的历史及地理位置,另一方面与路遥的经历及现实主义精神的追求有关。路遥与农村农民的密切联系和深厚感情决定了小说中的民间叙事成分,而对现代文明的接受又使其具有了超越性特征。     

民间文艺学的开路先锋——《民间文艺与立体思维——兼及艺术规律的探索》读后

段宝林先生是中国民间文艺学的开路先锋,在民间文艺学、民俗学和文艺理论等方面的研究多有创见和理论创新。他的文集《民间文艺与立体思维——兼及艺术规律的探索》,主要收集了他数十年研究的代表作品,体现了他的研究成果,值得十分重视。     

世界宗教改革的先驱者——国内埃赫那吞改革研究述评

埃赫那吞改革是古代埃及历史上具有很大影响力的改革,也是世界上最早的宗教改革。对于埃赫那吞改革,国内学者研究起步较晚,但进入21世纪后论著日渐丰富。随着对埃赫那吞改革研究的逐渐深入,对埃赫那吞改革时期形成的阿玛尔纳文学艺术、外交和宗教等问题都得到了不同程度上的关注。这些研究也有利于人们更全面地理解埃赫那吞改革。     

Religiosity as a Moderator of Family Conflict and Depressive Symptoms among African American and White Young Grandmothers

ABSTRACT

This study examined the association between religiosity, conflict in the mother-daughter relationship, and depressive symptoms among 83 African American and white grandmothers. Interviews were conducted during the early stages of adaptation to grandparenthood due to the birth of a baby to a teenage daughter. The results of this study suggest that religiosity is associated with less depressive symptoms. In addition, religiosity moderates the relationship between conflict and depressive symptoms for African American grandmothers. Specifically, highly religious African American grandmothers experiencing low conflict with their daughters reported lower depressive symptoms than those who were less religious. These findings were not evident for white grandmothers. The implications of these findings for grandmothers in families with teenage mothers are discussed within the context of race, religiosity, family relationships, and psychological well-being.     

Observing Different Faiths,Learning About Ourselves: Practice with Inter-married Muslims and Christians

Abstract

Advanced care planning and end-of-life decision making are part of contemporary debates about death and dying. A data-mining study reviewing medical records of patient deaths in hospital investigated these issues and the utilisation of social work services. Findings indicated that the majority of records included some form of documentation about end-of-life care, including cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) orders and that family members and surrogate decision makers were more likely to be consulted than patients about these plans. The incidence of referrals to social workers was found to be highest “out-of-hours”. Key social work interventions were identified, including establishing the reliability of surrogates' decisions through social work assessment. This paper discusses elements that contribute to a supportive environment for patients and family members to facilitate the decision making process, including the need for a broader ethical discourse to accommodate the increasing complexity of end-of-life decision making in hospital settings.     

Patterns of change in religious service attendance across the life course: Evidence from a 34-year longitudinal study

Although a number of studies have uncovered evidence of age differences in religious involvement across the life course, there has been a lack of long-term longitudinal data to test the extent to which these differences are due to changes within individuals over time. This study tracks trajectories of change in religious service attendance using data collected longitudinally over the course of up to 34 years, between 1971 and 2005, and in ages ranging from 15 to 102. Piecewise growth curve modeling was used to examine changes in the patterns of age-related change in three distinct developmental periods: the transition from adolescence to young adulthood, middle adulthood, and older adulthood. Attendance showed an average pattern of quadratic decline in adolescence, stability in middle adulthood, and a quadratic pattern of more rapid increase followed by decrease over the course of older adulthood. These results suggest that developmental factors play a role in changing patterns of religious participation across the adult life course, and may account for some of the apparent differences between age groups.