论自然法思想的局限

自然法思想在西方源远流长 ,有着顽强的生命力 ,但其也有局限。它经历了早期、中世纪、自由资本主义、垄断资本主义四个时期。其局限有二 :一是许多命题都建立在假设的基础之上 ,表现出虚幻、唯心的气质 ;二是传统自然法思想没有将法学作为一门独立的科学来研究。     

论"晚生代"作家的创作态

“晚生代”作家是跨世纪的一代,是文学自觉的一代,在写作上他们特立独行,以独特的审美理念、审美视角、审美情趣,轻松而敏锐地进行创作上的探索和超越,在对传统的否定中继承和创造,以实验主义的姿态建构汉语言文学的诗学精神和新的表现图式。     

文学理论:不断扩展的边界及其界限

近年来 ,对文艺学学科进行反思的声音逐渐增多。应该说 ,这种反思是具有积极意义的 ,富有建设性的。因为只有通过反思 ,才能回过头来看清楚我们走的这条路是否正确 ,是否存在着一些失误 ;我们应该扬弃什么 ,坚持什么。在对文艺学学科的反思中 ,出现一些不同的声音 ,这很正常。正因为有了不同的意见 ,这些意见又处在了相互的交往与对话中 ,才有利于对问题的解决 ,有利于文艺学的学科建设。我们希望这样的讨论继续下去 ,深入下去 ,也希望文学理论界更多的学人参与进来。文学理论的“越界”问题就是这次反思中出现的一个重要问题。一些中年学者认为 ,由于“日常生活审美化”的兴起和“文化研究”时代的来临 ,文艺学应该“越界”、“扩容” ,应该把文艺学的对象扩大到生活中新出现的文化现象上。这样 ,他们就放弃了对文学本身的关注。还有一些学者不同意这种看法 ,他们承认文化研究有其合理的因素 ,也可以借鉴文化研究的方法 ,但文艺学的研究对象依然是文学而不是其他 ,因为文学并没有终结 ,文学依然活着。我们希望通过这种讨论 ,能使人们认识到问题的严重性 ,并在此基础上采取相应的对策 ,作出慎重的选择。     

局限、挑战和出路:当代视野中的传统中华民族凝聚力

传统中华民族凝聚力具有种种的历史局限性,也正因为这些局限,今天遭遇了巨大挑战。事实证明,传统中华民族凝聚力不能应对这些挑战。它的发展出路在于把自己转换成适应时代发展的当代中华民族凝聚力,这一过程实际上也是当代民族凝聚力的构建过程。这就要求在民族凝聚力的当代建设中,我们应在体现现代性的自觉性、包容性、结构平衡性、民族化和民主化等方向不断努力。     

TMT functional complementarity and post-IPO performance: Evidence from the U.S. biotechnology industry

Drawing insights from the resource dependence and the upper echelons theories, this study examines how top management team (TMT) IPO reconfiguration – the managerial change between immediately before and after an initial public offering (IPO), affects firm performance in the post-IPO years. We investigate this through the lens of TMT functional complementarity - the degree of differing functional knowledge held by the firm's TMT in the pre-and post-IPO stage. We argue that TMT functional complementarity positively affects firm post-IPO performance. Further, this relationship is positively moderated by executive managerial discretion, measured by CEO duality and TMT insider board membership. We test our model using a sample of 250 US biotechnology firms that went public from 1991 to 2019, and the empirical results largely support our hypotheses. This study contributes to the literature of upper echelons, technology-based ventures, and IPO firms.     

再谈沉默权

沉默权是公民在受到国家刑事追究时所享有的权利以及国家为保障该权利应履行的义务。它是被告人的一项重要的诉讼权利,是被告人的防御权、人格权,是对国家权力的制约权。沉默权具有体现刑事诉讼价值、丰富刑事诉讼职能、实现刑事诉讼结构公正、完善刑事证据规则的作用。没有沉默权的权利体系是不完备的权利体系,所以我国刑事诉讼中应建立完善的沉默权制度。     

Experimental comparison of functional and multivariate spectral-based supervised classification methods in hyperspectral image

The aim of this article is to assess and compare several statistical methods for hyperspectral image supervised classification only using the spectral dimension. Since hyperspectral profiles may be viewed either as a random vector or a random curve, we propose to confront various multivariate discriminating procedures with functional alternatives. Eight methods representing three important statistical communities (mixture models, machine learning and functional data analysis) have been applied on three hyperspectral datasets following three protocols studying the influence of size and composition of the learning sample, with or without noised labels. Besides this comparative study, this work proposes a functional extension of multinomial logit model as well as a fast computing adaptation of the nonparametric functional discrimination. As a by-product, this work provides a useful comprehensive bibliography and also supplemental material especially oriented towards practitioners.     

Homogeneity test for functional data

In the context of functional data analysis, we propose new sample tests for homogeneity. Based on some well-known depth measures, we construct four different statistics in order to measure distance between the two samples. A simulation study is performed to check the efficiency of the tests when confronted with shape and magnitude perturbation. Finally, we apply these tools to measure the homogeneity in some samples of real data, and we obtain good results using this new method.     

Functional logistic regression with fused lasso penalty

This study considers the binary classification of functional data collected in the form of curves. In particular, we assume a situation in which the curves are highly mixed over the entire domain, so that the global discriminant analysis based on the entire domain is not effective. This study proposes an interval-based classification method for functional data: the informative intervals for classification are selected and used for separating the curves into two classes. The proposed method, called functional logistic regression with fused lasso penalty, combines the functional logistic regression as a classifier and the fused lasso for selecting discriminant segments. The proposed method automatically selects the most informative segments of functional data for classification by employing the fused lasso penalty and simultaneously classifies the data based on the selected segments using the functional logistic regression. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with simulated and real data examples.