加德纳的“多元智能”理论与美育

本文集中探讨了美国当代著名教育家霍华德·加德纳的“多元智能理论”及其同美育的关系。本文指出,加德纳的“多元智能理论”是在二十世纪后半期,知识经济背景下,反对传统的“应试教育”的产物。当代教育领域存在“统一规划的学校教育”与“以个人为中心的学校教育”两种教育模式的斗争。前者以“智商”测试为标志,建立非情景化的评估体系,实质为“应试教育”。后者强调一种更加灵活的情景化的评估体系,适合于人的“多元智能”的开发,实质是“素质教育”。本文认为,加德纳的“多元智能理论”不仅从素质教育的角度为美育开辟道路,而且在教育内容上也将艺术教育提到突出位置,同时也为美育提供了更加科学的评估方法。     

论国际刑事法院管辖权的性质

1998年 7月 1 7日通过的《国际刑事法院规约》赋予国际刑事法院补充管辖权 ,是国际社会在审视历史、权衡利弊之后所作出的理智选择。其目的是使未来国际刑事法院成为独立、公正、有效的国际司法机关 ,真正地发挥其补充作用 ,从而加强对侵略罪、战争罪、危害人类罪等国际犯罪的打击力度     

论唐五代词向北宋词的演变历程——王国维“变伶工之词而为士大夫之词”之论的反思

王国维认为,词至李后主"遂变伶工之词而为士大夫之词",但唐五代曲词与两宋词的本质区别,主要是宫廷词与士大夫词、市井词的不同.词体在唐五代时期,其主流始终在宫廷文化之中,李白的宫廷应制词、西蜀花间词、南唐词是此时期的三个标志;所谓民间词应该是中唐之后才发生的,真正实现这一转型的标志应为东坡词.     

试论发回重审案件上诉费的承担问题

上诉费是上诉人提起上诉的前提,上诉后案件发回重审的责任在于一审法院,应由人民法院承担。但现行法律只是规定了上诉费由当事人承担的原则,排除了一审法院承担上诉费的责任。因此,应进行立法调整,在法律中规定人民法院承担发回重审案件上诉费的制度。     

“一带一路”倡议下我国设立国际商事法庭的必要性

“一带一路”倡议对深化沿线各国商事交往提出了新的挑战,世界范围内现存的国际商事纠纷解决途径并不能满足处理“一带一路”倡议下可能产生国际商事纠纷的需要。结合“一带一路”倡议,通过对新加坡国际商事法庭和迪拜国际金融中心法院的研究,认为我国设立国际商事法庭有其必要性。必要性一方面在于国际商事法庭的自身优势,另一方面在于其可帮助我国处理不断激增的涉外案件、减少文化冲突等。     

最高人民法院与条约司法适用机制的完善

国际条约的司法适用是实现条约法律效力的要求,但现有宪法、法律和司法解释对条约在我国法律体系中的地位及其效力位阶的规定尚不明确。法院的司法活动可以在法律规定模糊、存在漏洞时,在不违背立法原意的情况下起到明确法律内涵和填补法律漏洞的作用。因此,为了保障我国切实履行条约义务,最高人民法院应在法律规定的范围内率先采取完善国际条约司法适用的措施,包括出台司法解释、公布相关指导案例、建立逐级汇报制度、在内部设立专门机构等,从而为将来时机成熟之时在宪法和法律中规定这些内容做好准备。     

Does the Interest Group Choir Really “Sing with an Upper Class Accent?‘

Abstract

Since Schattschneider (1960), several scholars have argued that the least powerful groups in society will have limited access to the governmental arena; the bias inherent in the system will largely prevent those lacking in power from attaining many of their policy preferences. Yet race and gender-based groups, two of the least powerful groups in society, have been relatively successful in getting some of their demands turned into policy.     

An Overview of and Comments on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Abstract

The authors overview the key components of the ADA in this article. A discussion is offered on why and how persons with disabilities are discriminated against. Critical United States Supreme Court decisions are presented; these decisions have greatly limited the power of the ADA in protecting the rights of persons with disabilities. Even though the United States Supreme Court has narrowed the impact of the ADA in American life, a number of Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) cases are presented suggesting this federal agency is attempting to protect persons with disabilities against discrimination. Finally, the authors deal with the topic of advocacy; advocacy may well be one of the most effective tools to help insure that the rights of people with disabilities are protected.     

美国国际贸易法院的设置及其启示

海关案件和外贸案件远比一般的经济行政案件复杂。美国于1890年设立总评估局,对海关和外贸行政行为进行裁决;于1909年设立海关上诉法院,审理就总评估局的裁决所提出的上诉;于1926年改总评估局为海关法院。1980年,美国国会又通过立法将海关法院改为国际贸易法院,并明确了该法院的地位和受案范围。研究美国国际贸易法院,既有助于中国企业维护自己的权益,也为建立中国的涉外经济审判机构提供了借鉴。     

Seventeenth-Century Pronk Poppenhuisen: Domestic Space and the Ritual Function of Dutch Dollhouses for Women

ABSTRACT

A number of pronk poppenhuisen, or “dollhouses for show” were commissioned in the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Netherlands for adult women. The large wooden cabinets with multiple partitioned spaces construct a fully furnished Dutch home in miniature, complete with dolls representing family, servants, and pets. The dollhouses have been primarily regarded as sophisticated collections enjoyed by elite female connoisseurs. This study will investigate the surviving dollhouses of Petronella de la Court, Petronella Dunois, and Petronella Oortman as complex didactic objects that prescribed an ideal domestic identity for Dutch mothers and wives in the early modern Netherlands, in part through a three-dimensional structure that encouraged a tactile, physically interactive relationship with the viewer. Manipulation of the dolls within selective, gendered architectural spaces allowed the dollhouse owners to visualize the ideal Dutch home and “perform” their appropriate role within it as productive, disciplined, and orderly wives, mothers, and domestic managers.