Diversification of Modern College Students＇ Roles and Transition of Their Professional Psychology

大学生社会角色随着社会的发展和时代的变迁不断被赋予新的内涵，体现出与社会期待相适应的特征。当代大学生社会角色具有过渡性、多重性与多变性特征，急剧的社会变革导致社会角色的多元化，加剧了角色冲突，增加了大学生在未来职业道路选择上的不确定性。大学生对社会角色的适应与转变深刻影响着他们的职业价值取向，使其职业心理体现出鲜明的时代特征。     

Do fixed payments affect effort? Examining relative thinking in mixed compensation schemes

Several earlier studies have shown that people exhibit “relative thinking”: they consider relative price differences even when only absolute price differences are relevant. The article examines whether relative thinking exists when people face mixed compensation schemes that include both fixed and pay-for-performance components. Such compensation schemes are prevalent in many occupations (e.g., salespeople and managers) and therefore are an important practical issue. Surprisingly, the ratio between the pay-for-performance and the fixed compensation does not affect effort, meaning that no relative thinking is found. Another experiment shows that this is not due to reciprocity that cancels out relative thinking. In a third experiment subjects make similar decisions without incentives and the results suggest that the different context (compensation schemes instead of price comparisons) and not the introduction of financial incentives (which were not used in previous studies) is the reason that relative thinking disappears. The results have implications for designing incentive schemes in firms and for designing experiments.     

壮族巫信仰研究的意义及人文价值——壮族巫信仰研究系列之十二

壮族巫文化与壮族麽教文化、鸡卜文化、花山文化、铜鼓文化、青蛙文化、师公文化、道公文化等一起是壮族民间宗教信仰文化的重要组成部份。而巫信仰和麽教信仰则是壮族原生型宗教信仰文化形态,壮族巫信仰蕴含丰富的人文价值。     

积极心理学研究综述

积极心理学兴起仅十余年,已经形成一股世界性的研究热潮。整体来看,积极心理学研究主要集中在三个领域：积极情绪体验、积极人格特质和积极的社会组织系统。三个领域研究的发展并不均衡。国内的研究相对比较薄弱,还缺少有国际影响力的成果,本土化的研究有待加强。目前,积极心理学在研究的科学性和研究领域方面都存在不足。尽管如此,积极心理学未来的发展前景还很广阔。     

谈健美操运动员的心理训练

为适应现代竞技体育运动训练的需求,我们结合健美操教学和训练实践对心理训练的作用、训练的方法进行了研究和探讨,研究表明:采用具体、可行和有效的心理训练方法可以提高健美操运动员的心理素质,并且,可为创造优异成绩奠定良好的心理基础.     

多媒体环境与教学信息的特征分析

“表现性”是格式塔心理学的一个术语。美国学者鲁道夫·阿恩海姆对艺术活动中“表现性”是如何形成的动态过程、原因及其基础进行了独特的阐释。作为西方文艺心理学的重要范畴 ,“表现性”理论与中国古典文艺的一些内容存在着惊人的相通性。     

A validity scale for the Sharp consumer satisfaction scales.

Because of the apparently inflated scores commonly reported for consumer satisfaction with mental health services, we developed a 5-item validity scale for the SHARP questionnaire. The scale discriminated significantly (P less than .001) between those former clients who offered suggestions for improvement of services and those who did not (N = 38). In another experiment, the scale significantly improved the ability to predict the 46 clients' true scores from their obtained scores via stepwise regression (p less than .01). Weights were obtained from that sample of former clients, which significantly reduced the deviation of the obtained satisfaction scores from the true scores, with all p less than .05. In two successive experiments (N = 49 and 26), weights were applied to new samples, significantly reducing deviation from the criterion scores for 5 of the 6 scales (p less than .05), and new weights were then derived. A final set of weights was derived from the combined samples of the three experiments, (N = 121) which significantly improved prediction of the criterion and lowered the mean on all scales, with all p less than .05.     

Behavioral economics and the economics of Keynes

The aim of this paper is two-fold: it first evaluates some of the psychological insights offered by Keynes in his economic theories, and secondly it weighs up these insights in the light of recent research in behavioral and experimental economics. We found that many of the psychological ideas set forth by Keynes in his economic works, especially in The General Theory, have a defensible behavioral foundation and fit broadly the actual behavior of economic agents in the real world as suggested by recent empirical evidence. As a consequence, we argue that Keynesian economics can benefit from this interaction, especially for issues related to judgment under uncertainty and building solid microfoundations for macroeconomics.     

当代心理学的分裂与学科的多元化整合

当代心理学的分裂主要表现在:理论体系的破碎、研究方法的分裂、基础研究与应用研究的对立、学科的恶性分化四个方面。当代心理学分裂和破碎是心理学家在本体论、认识论和方法论方面的思想冲突造成的。由于心理现象的复杂性、多样性以及心理现象的多水平和多层次特征,没有哪一种理论范式可以解释心理和意识的所有一切。因此,一元化的学科整合模式是不可取的。在现实条件下,以互补原理为基础的和而不同多元整合模式是一种可能的选择。