非言语交际与外语教学

非言语交际作为言语交际的重要组成部分,在外语教学中,起着不可忽视的作用。恰当地使用非言语交际行为,能够创建良好的师生关系,提高学生学习兴趣。本文分析了非言语交际行为的重要性及其在外语课堂教学中的表现形式和作用。     

体制转型中的民意表达及其约束机制

民意表达渠道在计划经济向市场经济体制转型过程中表现出的不适应,是民意表达渠道梗阻的重要原因。从制度上解决民意表达渠道的梗阻问题,需逐步建立与完善促进民意充分表达的制度体系,并针对体制转型时期特点,积极探索有利于制度化保障民意渠道畅通的过渡性措施、方法,推进疏通民意表达渠道的实践逐步走上制度化的轨道。同时要深入民意表达渠道程序设计、指标评价体系研究,逐步建立和完善保障民意表达渠道便捷、畅通的制约机制。     

Two-dimensional generalisations of dynamic programming for image analysis

Dynamic programming (DP) is a fast, elegant method for solving many one-dimensional optimisation problems but, unfortunately, most problems in image analysis, such as restoration and warping, are two-dimensional. We consider three generalisations of DP. The first is iterated dynamic programming (IDP), where DP is used to recursively solve each of a sequence of one-dimensional problems in turn, to find a local optimum. A second algorithm is an empirical, stochastic optimiser, which is implemented by adding progressively less noise to IDP. The final approach replaces DP by a more computationally intensive Forward-Backward Gibbs Sampler, and uses a simulated annealing cooling schedule. Results are compared with existing pixel-by-pixel methods of iterated conditional modes (ICM) and simulated annealing in two applications: to restore a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image, and to warp a pulsed-field electrophoresis gel into alignment with a reference image. We find that IDP and its stochastic variant outperform the remaining algorithms.     

一幅丰盈纯美的图画——论新时期以来回族文学中的意象营构

“水”、“月”、“死亡”是新时期以来回族文学作品中常见的象征意象。它们不仅渗透着华夏民族共有的审美情感,而且从本质上寄寓着回族人民独特的民族审美体验。     

“乌”族词的文化内涵

“乌”族词的形成源于乌鸦的外形特点和生活习性,又蕴含了汉民族的哲学思想、道德观念、价值观念。“乌”族词可以分为形象词语和象征词语两部分。形象词语又以视觉形象居多。象征词语包括借物征取义和借谐音取义两类。     

Stepchildren’s Communicative and Emotional Journey from Divorce to Remarriage: Predictors of Stepfamily Satisfaction

This study explores the emotional and communicative profiles of young adults who have experienced a parental divorce and the emergence of a stepfamily to better understand influences on stepfamily satisfaction. Results of regression analyses indicate that strong negative emotions experienced at the time of the divorce are a negative predictor of current stepfamily satisfaction, even after controlling for age at the time of the divorce. In addition, level of open self-disclosure to a stepparent, although not parents, is a positive predictor of current stepfamily satisfaction. Finally, the extent to which the father has now fully explained the circumstances of the divorce is a positive predictor of current stepfamily satisfaction, whereas the extent to which mother has now fully explained the circumstances of the divorce is a negative predictor of current stepfamily satisfaction. These findings are discussed and future directions for research on stepfamily interaction and satisfaction are offered.     

Temporal prediction of future state occupation in a multistate model from high-dimensional baseline covariates via pseudo-value regression

In many complex diseases such as cancer, a patient undergoes various disease stages before reaching a terminal state (say disease free or death). This fits a multistate model framework where a prognosis may be equivalent to predicting the state occupation at a future time t. With the advent of high-throughput genomic and proteomic assays, a clinician may intent to use such high-dimensional covariates in making better prediction of state occupation. In this article, we offer a practical solution to this problem by combining a useful technique, called pseudo-value (PV) regression, with a latent factor or a penalized regression method such as the partial least squares (PLS) or the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), or their variants. We explore the predictive performances of these combinations in various high-dimensional settings via extensive simulation studies. Overall, this strategy works fairly well provided the models are tuned properly. Overall, the PLS turns out to be slightly better than LASSO in most settings investigated by us, for the purpose of temporal prediction of future state occupation. We illustrate the utility of these PV-based high-dimensional regression methods using a lung cancer data set where we use the patients’ baseline gene expression values.     

Sometimes Words Just Ain't Enough – Enhancing the Contribution of Children in Therapy through Creative Expression

The meaningful inclusion of children in family therapy is an ideal that therapists readily align with and yet struggle to implement effectively. Within a practice that relies heavily on verbal expression, young children provide a unique challenge for therapists, who require developmentally appropriate opportunities for the child to express, document, and share his or her experience in all its richness and colour. In this paper the author utilises art therapy to support greater inclusion of children in family therapy by capitalising on their creative talents and facilitating the child's visual story within the family dialogue. This can assist in the formulation and treatment of systemic issues.     

President Barack Obama's image repair on HealthCare.gov

Obama's health care initiative HealthCare.gov went live on October 1, 2013. It was plagued with problems. Furthermore, the President promised that if people liked their current health care plan, they could keep it. People were shocked when they started to receive cancelation notices from their insurance companies. Republicans seized on the opportunity to savage the president, his administration, and his health care program. Obama's approval rating was anemic and on November 7, he was interviewed by Chuck Todd and on November 14, 2013, Obama held a press conference to try to mend his image. His defense relied heavily on mortification, corrective action, and minimization but also contained instances of defeasibility, bolstering, and transcendence. This essay uses Image Repair theory to analyze and evaluate the President's image repair effort.     

网络沟通下政府形象“距离悖论”的解析及应对

网络沟通的兴起,使政府形象塑造的环境发生了变化,政府形象的“距离悖论”出现新特点,其突出表现是,民众对政府形象的评价与该级政府同民众的距离（包括空间距离和时间距离）成反比。在网络沟通下,形象良好的政府须具有回应性,倡导科技领先,强调参与和协作以及具有预见性,因此,政府应从树立形象意识、完善电子政府工程、提升政府媒体公关能力和公信力以及提高危机处理能力等方面着手,来应对政府形象的“距离悖论”,以塑造良好的自身形象。