浅析美国在中亚战略的调整及对中国的影响

中亚具有独特的地缘政治地位,中亚蕴藏着丰富的能源,堪称世界的聚宝盆.中亚地区是多种文明的交汇地,因此发生冲突的可能性极大.美国为了自身的战略利益,依据形势的变化适时的调整对中亚的战略.美国的战略调整对中国也产生了重要影响.中国必须采取相应的措施改变不利的现状.     

Is the trend to publish reviews and clinical trials related to the journal impact factor? Analysis in dentistry field

ABSTRACT

It is generally accepted that the Journal Impact Factor is a quality criterion. The objective was to determine the evolution along the period 2010–2016 of number of different types of papers, reviews and clinical trials, published by dental journals, as well as if they are related with the quartile occupied in the Journal Impact Factor 2017 ranking. To this end, ten journals per quartile belonging to the field Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Medicine in the 2017 Journal Citation Reports were randomly selected. For each journal and year, the total number of narrative reviews, systematic reviews (with and without meta-analysis), meta-analysis, clinical trials and randomized controlled trials were obtained from Pubmed. To achieve our goal, the slope of these variables over time was estimated using the least squares method, after which one-way analysis of variance of mean values was performed. In Dentistry, the journals of the top quartiles show a trend to publish increasing amounts of systematic reviews and meta-analysis, than the ones of the third and fourth quartile. On the other hand, globally, there was virtually no increase in narrative reviews, clinical trials and randomized controlled trial. Possible causes of this behavior are also discussed in this article.     

Decision analysis and risk models for land development affecting infrastructure systems

Coordination and layering of models to identify risks in complex systems such as large-scale infrastructure of energy, water, and transportation is of current interest across application domains. Such infrastructures are increasingly vulnerable to adjacent commercial and residential land development. Land development can compromise the performance of essential infrastructure systems and increase the costs of maintaining or increasing performance. A risk-informed approach to this topic would be useful to avoid surprise, regret, and the need for costly remedies. This article develops a layering and coordination of models for risk management of land development affecting infrastructure systems. The layers are: system identification, expert elicitation, predictive modeling, comparison of investment alternatives, and implications of current decisions for future options. The modeling layers share a focus on observable factors that most contribute to volatility of land development and land use. The relevant data and expert evidence include current and forecasted growth in population and employment, conservation and preservation rules, land topography and geometries, real estate assessments, market and economic conditions, and other factors. The approach integrates to a decision framework of strategic considerations based on assessing risk, cost, and opportunity in order to prioritize needs and potential remedies that mitigate impacts of land development to the infrastructure systems. The approach is demonstrated for a 5,700-mile multimodal transportation system adjacent to 60,000 tracts of potential land development.     

A model of impacts of research partnerships in health and social services

Alliances have long been an important strategy for health promotion and community development. They are now becoming an important approach to generating research that is thought to have real-world relevance and easy applicability because of the involvement of community members. A comprehensive, dynamic model of community impacts of research partnerships in social or health services is presented. This process-oriented, systems model outlines three major domains of mid-term impact (Enhanced Knowledge, Enhanced Research Skills, and Use of Information) that correspond to the core functions of collaborative research partnerships discussed in the literature (i.e. knowledge generation, research education and training, and knowledge sharing). The model will assist research partners, intended recipients, and funders to understand and evaluate the real-world impacts of community–university research partnerships. The model provides research partnerships with a tool to demonstrate their accountability and to improve their operations and impacts, and evaluators with a tool to guide planning and evaluation efforts.     

A Multi-Method Impact Evaluation of a Therapeutic Summer Camp Program

This article reports on a multi-method impact evaluation of a therapeutic summer camp program for children and youth with learning disabilities and related psychosocial problems. The study examines the degree to which program objectives were achieved through a pre-camp, post-camp, follow-up design using a series of standardized instruments, camp evaluations, and interviews with parents. The results indicate that the campers reported less social isolation, experienced modest improvements in self-esteem, and expressed high levels of satisfaction with the camp. The measures for social skills generally failed to register significant changes, although parents reported improvements in the areas of cooperation, responsibility, and self-control.     

浅析伊拉克战后的教派之争

伊拉克战争后,伊境内教派冲突迭起,特别是2006年2月22日,阿里·哈迪清真寺爆炸事件,造成该寺金顶严重损毁,引发了伊境内最严重的教派冲突,什叶派和逊尼派之间报复性暴力冲突愈演愈烈,引起国际社会广泛关注;战后伊国内政治力量对比发生了重大变化,对教派冲突产生催化作用。伊拉克的乱局同中东地区和国际形势的发展也不无关系。中东海湾地区民族、宗教矛盾尖锐,教派斗争激烈,是世界矛盾和热点问题最多最集中的地区,也是恐怖活动高发区。阿拉伯国家对伊拉克的走向普遍担忧。大国围绕伊拉克问题展开激烈斗争和较量。伊拉克教派之争对伊社会产生了严重后果,并深刻地影响伊社会的发展和内部关系的演变。什叶派主导的伊新政府应在四年任期内妥善处理好什叶派、逊尼派和库尔德人三派权益的合理分配,缓解教派矛盾,稳定国内局势、避免内乱,早日完成国家重建。     

深度撞击坦普尔1号彗星的思考

美国“深度撞击号”飞船发射的“撞击器”成功撞击了“坦普尔1号”彗星。本次实验对人类航天技术、军事科学、宇宙空间研究等方面带来了重大影响。本文阐述了深度撞击彗星的目的和意义,认为深度撞击是人类航天技术的突破,提出了军事航天和全球合作空间研究等问题。     

突发环境事件下的环境风险治理研究

进入突发环境事件的高发期,必须从风险视角出发,对环境风险进行有效治理.对现有环境风险,应当遵照风险管理的理念和方法,采取"四 二"模式的全过程治理;对于待生环境风险,则有赖于环境风险评价.就我国当前而言,应大力落实和完善环境影响评价,保证公众和区域环保督查中心的有效参与.     

云南城市化水平对经济发展的影响分析

云南经济增长速度减缓或不能持续增长的原因之一是云南城市化水平低。经分析，云南城市化发展水平对经济发展的影响是：1．云南省城市化发展不能适应经济增长的需要；2．云南城市规模偏小及城镇密度低影响多元经济增长点的形成；3．云南城市化低于全国城市化水平可看作是经济增长的潜在空间；4．云南城市化滞后于工业化制约着工业化快速发展。