屈原时代:楚与齐之文化交流

战国中后期,亦即屈原时代,既是楚国与北方诸国争强较胜的时代,也是与中原文化积极交流的时代,而交流的重点对象乃是齐文化。从战国中后期中原文化的地域特征、屈原时代的齐楚文化交流活动,以及屈原等人所受齐文化的影响诸方面着手,可具体描述这一事实。     

The Property Rights Approach to Nonprofit Organization: The Role of Intrinsic Motivation

The standard property rights approach to nonprofit organization claims that attenuation of property rights in the form of nondistribution constraint stimulates managerial shirking in nonprofit firms and thereby makes them less efficient than for-profit firms. This paper argues that this view neglects the important role played by intrinsic motivation in nonprofit organization. Intrinsically motivated stakeholders provide resources to nonprofit firms and thereby facilitate their economic survival. However, intrinsic motivation is subject to the crowding-out effect, i.e., the danger of being displaced by the use of extrinsic (monetary and administrative) incentives. The property rights structure in nonprofit organization is designed to minimize the crowding-out effect by dampening monetary and administrative incentives through nondistribution constraint and self-governance orientation, respectively. This facilitates not only economic survival of nonprofit firms but also maximization of utility of their intrinsically motivated stakeholders.

论文学交流中的反馈机制及其效果

支撑双向互动的内化和外化环节的是反馈机制。反馈机制的真正目的必须在作品—读者—世界的相互关系中来实现。要在正反馈机制、主动反馈机制的引导下,真正发挥文学交流的良好社会效益,并形成良性循环,使现实世界保持可持续发展。     

马克思自然美思想探微

马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中提出的＂自然的人化＂、＂人的本质力量对象化＂、＂能感受形式美的眼睛＂、＂有音乐感的耳朵＂、＂忧心忡忡的穷人甚至对最美丽的景色也无动于衷＂等著名美学命题,不仅肯定了自然美的客观存在,而且还强调了人与自然的交互作用。而消除人与自然的对立矛盾,加强审美教育是关键。     

论高斯的几何学思想及其意义

高斯的几何学思想意在揭示欧氏几何不具有惟一的（物理的）必然性,而高斯的内蕴微分几何学则深刻地揭示了几何空间的非欧本质。文章考察高斯几何学思想中几个核心概念的发现及其深远意义,探究高斯几何学思想的思维轨迹及其与现代微分几何的联系。     

修辞性叙事理论框架中的交流模式研究

交流模式是指在作者、读者互动前提下进行文本分析,特别强调文本的意义如何通过某种方式传递给读者。韦恩.布斯的《小说修辞学》和詹姆斯.费伦的《作为修辞的叙事》是修辞性叙事理论框架中交流模式转变的代表性著作。本文以这两部著作为理论基础,着重于费伦对布斯的继承与超越,探讨在修辞性叙事理论框架中文本交流模式是如何由作者本体论到作者、文本、读者循环互动推进的,通过文本交流模式发展轨迹和完善过程的描述,不仅可以使我们看到叙事理论的优势和特长,而且使我们认识到,叙事理论的修辞性转向有着坚实的理论支撑,它为小说理论研究和批评实践提供了更为开放的空间。     

Intrinsic Priors for Testing Two Normal Means with Intrinsic Bayes Factors

ABSTRACT

In this article we consider the problem of comparing two normal means with unknown common variance using a Bayesian approach. Conventional Bayes factors with improper non informative priors are not well defined. The intrinsic Bayes factors are used to overcome such a difficulty. We derive intrinsic priors whose Bayes factors are asymptotically equivalent to the corresponding intrinsic Bayes factors. We illustrate our results with numerical examples.     

Intrinsic motivation: the case for healthcare systems in Malaysia and globally

The intrinsic motivational aspects that improve the psychological well-being of health practitioners have been usurped by an insulated reliance on financial incentives and other external factors. This paper examines issues pertinent to the motivation of doctors in the healthcare system in Malaysia. The article also attempts to identify problem areas that could benefit from interventions focusing on intrinsic motivation. Financial incentives and the deterioration in intrinsic motivation levels partly influence the exodus of healthcare workers from public healthcare organizations to private practice. A multidimensional approach is required to improve intrinsic motivation amongst healthcare workers. Leadership strength, organizational citizenship, modification of job design, career management, and a democratized work environment are seen as crucial factors to remedy work morale in healthcare systems. A prospective conceptual framework described in this article could serve as the foundation to analyse motivational outcomes through research in the future.